SELECTIVE MICROFILM EDITION
PARTY
(1911-1919)
Thomas E. Jeffrey
Senior Editor
Brian C. Shipley
Theresa M. Collins
Linda E. Endersby
Editors
David A. Ranzan
Indexing Editor
Janette Pardo
Richard Mizclle
Peter Mikulas
Indexers
Paul B. Israel
Director and General Editor
Sponsors
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
National Park Service, Edison National Historic Site
New Jersey Historical Commission
Smithsonian Institution
A UPA Collection from
Ijjp LexisNexis*
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iv-Edison Company
Thomas A. Edison Papers
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
endorsed by
National Historical Publications and Records Commission
18 June 1981
Copyright ©2007 by Rutgers, The State University
All rights reserved. No part of this publication including any portion of the guide and
index or of the microfilm may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any
form by any means — graphic, electronic, mechanical, or chemical, including photocopying,
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Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
The original documents in this edition are from the archives at the Edison National
Historic Site at West Orange, New Jersey.
ISBN 978-0-88692-887-2
y
THOMAS A. EDISON PAPERS STAFF (2007)
Director and General Editor
Paul Israel
Senior Editor
Thomas Jeffrey
Associate Editors
Louis Carlat
Theresa Collins
Assistant Editor
David Hochfelder
Indexing Editor
David Ranzan
Consulting Editor
Linda Endersby
Visiting Editor
Amy Flanders
Editorial Assistants
Alexandra Rimer
Kelly Enright
Eric Barry
Outreach and Development
(Edison Across the Curriculum)
Theresa Collins
Business Manager
Rachel Weissenburgcr
BOARD OF SPONSORS (2007)
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New Jersey Historical Commission
Marc Mappen
EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD (2007)
Robert Friedel, University of Maryland
Louis Galambos, Johns Hopkins University
Susan Hockey, Oxford University
Thomas P. Hughes, University of Pennsylvania
Ronald Kline, Cornell University
Robert Rosenberg, John Wiley & Sons
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Philip Scranton, Rutgers University/Hagley Museum
Merritt Roe Smith, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTORS
We thankfully acknowledge the vision and support of Rutgers University and the
Thomas A. Edison Papers Board of Sponsors.
This edition was made possible by grant funds provided from the New Jersey Historical
Commission, National Historical Publications and Records Commission, and The National
Endowment for the Humanities. Major underwriting has been provided by the Barkley Fund,
through the National Trust for the Humanities, and by The Charles Edison Foundation.
We are grateful for the generous support of the IEEE Foundation, the Hyde & Watson
Foundation, the Martinson Family Foundation, and the GE Foundation. We acknowledge gifts
from many other individuals, as well as an anonymous donor; the Association of Edison
Illuminating Companies; and the Edison Electric Institute. For the assistance of all these
organizations and individuals, as well as for the indispensable aid of archivists, librarians,
scholars, and collectors, the editors are most grateful.
A Note on the Sources
The pages which have been
filmed are the best copies
available. Every technical
effort possible has been
made to ensure legibility.
PUBLICATION AND MICROFILM
COPYING RESTRICTIONS
Reel duplication of the whole or of
any part of this film is prohibited.
In lieu of transcripts, however,
enlarged photocopies of selected
items contained on these reels
may be made in order to facilitate
research.
PATENT SERIES
PATENT APPLICATION FOLIOS
Patent Series
Patent Application Folios (1911-1931)
These folios contain formal patent applications, related legal
documents, and correspondence between Edison's attorneys and the U S
Patent Office. Most of the folios also contain additional items such as notes
and drawings by Edison; draft specifications in Edison's hand and other
specifications with his notations; patent attorneys' notes and memoranda,
communications between Edison and his attorneys; and related
correspondence authored by or sent to Edison, his associates and h s
companies. Typically, the applications were revised by Edison s lawyers
several times over a period of years in response to the Patent Examiner s
findinqs. Some were eventually abandoned because they were ultimately
deemed unpatentable. Others were approved by the Patent Office but never
became issued patents because Edison declined to pay the final fees, having
exhausted the strategic value of letting the application "soak for several years
in the Patent Office to keep the ideas away from his competitors.
During the period 1911-1931 Edison executed 113 successful patent
applications relating to primary and storage batteries, business and musical
phonographs, disc and cylinder records, the kinetophone (a Pb°n°9r®Ph ®nd
motion picture projector combination), cement, and other subjects. Many of
the applications pertain to the Diamond Disc phonograph, which Edison
introduced toward the end of 1912. An outline of eighteen patents that he
planned to pursue in support of his new phonograph can be f°und at the
beqinninq of Folio 906. Other technologies for which Edison sought patents,
not always successfully, include the use of paraphenylenediamineas
condensing agent for shellac (to make phonograph records) chemical
processing methods for storage battery components a d o O UC ’
concrete furniture and other concrete products; projectiles (related to his
research forthe U.S. Navy during World War I); phonograph reproducers, and
automobile electrical systems. Among the thirty-seven patents that he
received during the last decade of his life (four others were issued
posthumously) are two for rubber processing and one for a radio or telephone
receiver based on osmotic action, dubbed the osmophone (folio 1231).
Diqital images of all of Edison's .issued patents can be found on the
Thomas A. Edison Papers (TAEP) website. In addition, i mage s of these and
other inventors' issued patents, along with a searchable database, are
available on the U.S. Patent Office website. A nearly complete set of
application files for Edison’s U.S. patents can be found in the National
Archives (Record Group 241, Records of the Patent Office). Because the
formal specifications and Patent Office correspondence in the case files at the
National Archives are already available on microfilm, identical material in the
case files at the Edison National Historic Site has not been selected. Also not
selected are the folios for the numerous patents that Edison receded in
countries other than the United States. No complete list exists, but the 1910
biography, Edison: His Life and Inventions by Frank L. Dyer and Thomas
Commerford Martin, contains a compilation of 1,239 non-U.S patents
awarded in thirty-four countries. This list is also available on the TAtP
website.
For Edison's successful applications, the selected material consists
primarily of notes, drawings, and draft specifications in his hand, along with
communications between Edison and his attorneys, including at various times
Frank L Dyer, Delos Holden, Henry Lanahan, and William A. Hardy. The case
files for Edison's abandoned applications have been selected in tneir entirety
except for duplicates, printed patents by Edison and other inventors, other
printed material, and routine memoranda by Edison's attorneys. It should be
noted that most of the folios contain copies of patents by other inventors that
were cited by the Examiner as justification for rejecting the claims in Edison s
applications.
In addition to Edison’s own patents, these folios include applications by
members of his laboratory staff, mainly for improvements in products such as
the storage battery and the phonograph. These applications were also
handled by Edison's patent attorneys. Documents from these folders have
been selected only where they show Edison’s personal involvement in the
inventing or patenting processes. Folios with selected material include
applications by Jonas W. Aylsworth (chemical compounds for phonograph
records), Daniel Higham (kinetophone), and Miller Reese Hutchison (storage
batteries). Several applications by Thomas A. Edison, Jr., pertaining to
internal combustion engines have also been selected, along with another for
a vending machine with a phonograph inside it.
The folios are arranged in chronological order according to execution
date— the date on which the formal application was signed and witnessed. For
Edison's successful applications, the selected documents within each foho
appear in chronological order. For his abandoned applications, the
specifications, Patent Office correspondence, and other official documents
appear in the order they are listed on the folio wrapper, followed by the other
selected documents in chronological order.
On the list that follows, each selected folio appears with its execution
date- folio number; patent number (for issued patents) or serial number (for
abandoned applications); name of the primary applicant; and an abbreviated
version of the patent title as it was issued (or, in the case of abandoned files,
as found on the folio wrapper). Where the execution date is not available, the
date of filing (which generally occurred a few days after execution) is supplied
in brackets.
It should be noted that this is not a comprehensive list of Edison's
patents for the period 1911-1 931 , since folios consisting entirely of unselected
material do not appear. A complete list of Edison's 1,093 successful U.S.
patents can be found on the TAEP website.
Exec. Date Folio# Ser.orPat.# Primary Applicant Abbreviated Case File Title
1/3/1911 681
1/3/1911 682
1/25/1911 688
1/25/1911 691
1/25/1911 692
Ser. 600761 Edison, Thomas A
Ser. 600762 Edison. Thomas A
Pat. 1 034002 Edison. Thomas A
Pat. 1083354 Edison, Thomas A
Pat. 1 002505 Edison. Thomas A
Sound Reproducers
Sound Reproducers
Storage Battery
Insulating Compound
Composition for Sound-Records
2/15/1911 698
2/15/1911 700
3/10/1911 715
3/22/1911 719
3/22/1911 720
Pat. 1 187146 Holland. Newman H
Ser. 609099 Edison, Thomas A
Pat. 1214883 Bliss. Donald M
Pat. 1 204420 Edison. Thomas A
Ser. 61 6756 Edison, Thomas A
Sound-Box for Phonograph
Talking Machines (Case A)
Alternating Current Motor
Sound-Box
Sound Boxes
3/22/1911 721
3/28/1911 722
3/28/1911 723
4/3/1911 728
4/7/1911 731
Ser. 61 6757 Edison, Thomas A
Ser. 61 7674 Edison, Thomas A
Ser. 61 7675 Edison, Thomas A
Pat. 1 078266 Edison, Thomas A
Pat. 1 1 67484 Edison, Thomas A
Phonographic Telegraphs
Talking Machines (Case A)
Talking Machines (Case B)
Sound-Box
Production of Nickel Hydroxld
4/7/1911 732
4/7/1911 733
5/1/1911 743
5/12/1911 745
5/16/1911 748
Pat. 1 083356 Edison, Thomas A
Pat. 1083355 Edison, Thomas A
Pat. 1050629 Edison, Thomas A
Pat. 1 050630 Edison, Thomas A
Pat. 1055621 Edison, Thomas A
Storage Battery
Forming Chemical Compounds
Separating Copper from Other Metals
Separating Copper from Other Metals
Reproducer
6/6/1911 756
6/8/1911 755
6/15/1911 757
6/19/1911 759
7/18/1911 768
Pat. 1 045291 Holland, Walter E
Pat. 1118114 Edison. Thomas A
Pat. 1 1 651 00 Holland, Walter E
Pat. 1 116893 Hutchison, Miller R
Ser. 639752 Edison, Thomas A
Battery Charge Indication
Making Molds for Sound Records
Valve for Storage Batteries
Safety Device for Secondary Cells
Concrete Furniture
t. # Primary Applic
Abbreviated Case File Title
9/26/1911 785
10/9/1911 794
10/16/1911 801
11/29/1911 806
12/12/1911 813
1/12/1912 819
1/19/1912 820
1/24/1912 821
2/15/1912 825
2/23/1912 826
2/28/1912 828
3/8/1912 829
3/8/1912 831
4/1/1912 833
4/23/1912 845
4/30/1912 846
5/20/1912 852
5/21/1912 853
6/14/1912 861
6/17/1912 860
6/19/1912 866
7/15/1912 870
7/15/1912 871
7/22/1912 872
7/27/1912 876
8/9/1912 879
8/21/1912 888
10/24/1912 903
11/7/1912 905
11/19/1912 906
2/28/1913 915
2/28/1913 916
3/27/1913 917
4/10/1913 918
7/22/1913 939
r. 639716 Moore, Sherwood T
1. 101 6875 Edison, Thomas A
r. 642072 Edison, Thomas A
r. 642377 Edison, Thomas A
r. 645838 Kiefer. Herman E
sr. 651697 Hutchison, Miller R
it. 1204424 Gall, Adolph F
sr. 655902 Edison, Thomas A
st. 1 097985 Moore, Sherwood T
st. 1221981 Edison, Thomas A
at. 1146413 Edison, Thomas A
st. 1 275232 Edison, Thomas A
at. 1 0731 07 Edison, Thomas A
ar. 669868 Edison. Thomas A
at. 1 099349 Edison, Thomas A
at. 1143818 Edison, Thomas A
at. 1 1 1 1 999 Edison, Thomas A
er. 674274 Edison, Thomas A
at. 1190133 Edison, Thomas A
er. 679744 Edison, Thomas A
er. 681101 Edison, Thomas A
er. 685206 Edison, Thomas A
er. 685542 Edison, Thomas A
;er. 687967 Higham, Daniel
'at. 1 1 67485 Edison, Thomas A
;er. 694658 Edison, Thomas A
■at. 1 1 92400 Edison, Thomas A
■at. 1 1 67638 Edison, Thomas A
er. 704338 Langley, Sam G
at. 1 28201 1 Aylsworth, Jonas W
’at. 1 266778 Edison, Thomas A
Ser. 710150 Edison, Thomas A
3er. 710151 Edison, Thomas A
’at. 1160585 Edison, T A, Jr
’at. 1 25551 7 Edison, Thomas A
’at. 1 1 84334 Edison, Thomas A
3er. 71 9639 Edison, Thomas A
Ser. 728370 Edison, Thomas A
Ser. 730343 Edison, Thomas A
Ser. 732410 Edison, Thomas A
Pat. 1 286259 Edison. Thomas A
Ser. 752276 Edison, Thomas A
Ser. 757502 Higham, Daniel
Ser. 760624 Edison, Thomas A
Pat. 1 1 82894 Chester. Jerry
Phonographs
Electroplating Apparatus
Storage Battery Motor Sets
Sound Records and Making Same
Manufacture of Fertilizing Material
Charging Storage Batteries
Phonograph-Record
Concrete Furniture
Means for Reducing Sounds
Coatings for Storage Battery Containers
Record Tablet Molds
Electrical System for Automobiles
Means for Concentrating Ores
Charging Storage Batteries
Production of Sound-Records
Making Screens for Projection
Disc Sound Records
Phonograph Recorders
Internal Combustion Engines
Starting System for Automobiles
Phonograph or Talking-Machine
Phonographs or Talking Machines
Illusion of Scenes in Colors
Coating Phonograph Records
Formation of Sound Records
Means for Recording Sounds
Phonographs or Talking Machines
(Talking Pictures]
Alternating Current Rectifier
Exec. Date Folio# Ser. or Pat.# Primary Applicant
9/3/1913 943
11/21/1913 952
1/28/1914 964
1/31/1914 960
2/3/1914 961
965
2/11/1914
2/20/1914
3/26/1914 975
4/21/1914 981
4/28/1914 983
5/09/1914 985
5/22/1914 987
5/28/1914 988
7/10/1914 990
7/10/1914 991
7/24/1914 993
8/6/1914 997
9/14/1914 1009
10/9/1914 1012
10/13/1914 1013
8/21/1915
1/11/1916
1/12/1916
2/4/1916
2/5/1916
Pat. 1086727 Palmer, Harry B
Pat. 1 2901 38 Edison, Thomas A
Ser. 81 7976 Edison, Thomas A
Ser. 81 5946 Hutchison. Miller R
Ser. 81 6687 Edison. Thomas A
Ser. 819301 Edison, T A, Jr
Pat. 1 1 62800 Nehr, William F
Pat. 1 1 30977 Hutchison, Miller R
Pat. 1 201 449 Edison, Thomas A
Ser. 836608 Edison, Thomas A
Ser. 837706 Nehr, William F
Pat. 1283779 Hutchison, Miller R
Pat. 1 290254 Lewis. Frank D
Pat. 1297466 Holland, Newman H
Pat. 1178014 Holland. Newman H
1030
1038
1037
1041
1042
1045
1048
1049
[12/1/1916] 1053
1/16/1917 1058
1/16/1917 1059
8/15/1917 1081
10/23/1918 1104
11/15/1918 1107
1/14/1919
1109
3/3/1919
4/24/1919
5/26/1919
5/27/1919
6/12/1919
6/18/1919
6/24/1919
8/28/1919
9/13/1919
9/16/1919
Ser. 853283
Pat. 1299693
Pat. 1229749
Pat. 1326330
Pat. 1266779
Pat. 1342326
Pat. 1297294
Pat. 1323218
Pat. 1300709
Pat. 1300708
Ser. 99281
Pat. 1283706
Ser. 123480
Ser. 134386
Ser. 143017
Pat. 1266780
Pat. 1353152
Pat. 1425183
Ser. 262922
Pat. 1377192
Pat. 1452829
Pat. 1411425
TM 128050
Ser. 302556
Pat. 1371414
Pat. 1359972
Pat. 1369271
Pat. 1402751
Pat. 1379088
Ser. 324291
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Holland, Newman H
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, T A, Jr
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Dinwiddie, William W
Edison, Thomas A
Knierim, William H
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, T A, Jr
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, T A, Jr
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Abbreviated Case File Title
Toy Guns
Friction-Speed Governor
Methods and Means for Treating Ores
Storage Batteries
Sound Records
Internal Combustion Engine
Phonographic Molding Apparatus
Safety Device
Sound-Modifying Device
Production of Molded Articles
Improvement in Molding Apparatus
Storage Battery
Catch
Speaking-Tube Support
Phonograph
Phonographs
Storage Battery
Phonograph
Mold for Sound-Records
Electric Safety-Lantern
Matter for Sound-Records
Projectile
Rendition of Musical Compositions
Projectile (Case A)
Projectile (Case B)
Production of Potassium Chloride
Para-Phenylene-Di-Amin Substances
Molds
Internal Combustion Engines
Concrete Structures
Storage Battery
Production of Molded Articles
Transmitter
Internal Combustion Engines
Production of Molded Articles
Internal-Combustion Engines
Production of Molded Articles
Trademark "Econometer"
Recording and Reproducing Sounds
Nickel-Plating
Electroplating
Cleaning of Metallic Surfaces
Storage-Battery Electrode
Storage Battery
Production of Nickel
Exec. Date
Folio # Ser. or Pat. it Primary Applicant
Abbreviated Case File Title
9/24/1919 1142
9/30/1919 1143
11/3/1919 1144
11/28/1919 1146
12/9/1919 1148
Pat. 1364359
Pat. 1379089
Pat. 1386095
Pat. 1410391
Pat. 1456687
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Protecting-Varnish for Electrodes
Thin Metallic Sheets or Foils
Galvanic Batteries
Protective Coating for Steel and Iron
Stylus Mounting (Case A)
6/14/1920 1160
7/8/1920 1163
8/23/1920 1164
12/31/1920 1176
9/26/1921 1181
Pat. 1377194
Pat. 1417464
Pat. 1425184
Pat. 1489240
Pat. 1488480
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Storage Battery
Production of Thin Metal Sheets or Foils
Production of Thin Metal Sheets or Foils
Voltaic Battery and Electrode Elements
Alkaline Storage-Battery Elements
11/25/1921 1183
2/8/1922 1186
6/23/1922 1196
10/18/1922 1252
5/2/1923 1204
Ser. 518181
Pat. 1492023
Pat. 1678246
Pat. 1686686
Pat. 1495580
Edison, Thomas A
Edison. Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison. T A, Jr
Edison, Thomas A
Electrolytically Deposited Surface Coatings
Sound Record
Production of Alkali-Metal Compounds
Ignition Timer
Producing Chlorinated Rubber
5/11/1923 1205
6/28/1923 1209
12/7/1923 1212
2/20/1924 1217
2/25/1924 1218
Pat. 1651196 Edison, Thomas A
Pat. 1 600722 Edison, Thomas A
Pat. 1599121 Edison, Thomas A
Pat. 1 526326 Edison, Thomas A
Storage Battery
Mounting for Diamonds and the Like
Roofing
Production of Depolarizing Agent
Storage Battery
2/2/1925 1231
4/28/1925 1233
1/25/1926 1239
2/1/1926 1241
10/1/1926 1248
Pat. 1702935
Pat. 1744533
Pat. 1744534
Pat. 1711265
Pat. 1690159
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Edison, Thomas A
Receiving Apparatus: Radio and Telephone
Diaphragms of Sound Boxes
Production of Molded Articles
Phonograph Reproducer
Producing Sound-Record Tablets
11/25/1927 1268 Pat. 1740079 Edison, Thomas A
1/9/1930 1333 Ser. 419780 Edison, T A, Jr
Extraction of Rubber from Plants
Phonographs
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 681 Sound Reproducers
Serial #: 600761
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 1 73/1 91 1
petition
®o tfjc Commissioner of patents!:
gour petitioner A- hdiboh
a citizen of tfjc flUniteb States, reSibing anb fjabing a $oSt Office abbreSS at
Llewellyn Park, V/eot Orange, Kuo ex County, >Jov; Jersey,
praps tljat letters patent map be granteb to ijim for tfje improbements in
SOWED REPRODUCERS
Set fortfj in tije annexeb specification; anb Ije Ijerebp appoints Jfranfe %. ©per
(Registration i?o. 560), of ©range, Jleto ferSep, ijis attornep, toitf) fnU
potuer of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tijis application, to tnafte
alterations anb atnenbntents tljerein, to receibe tfje patent, anb to transact all
business in tije patent Office connecteb tljeretuitij.
SPECIFICATION
TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:
BE IT KNOWN, that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a citizen
of the United. States and a resident of Llewellyn Park,
West Orange , Essex County, New Jersey, have invented
certain new and useful improvement# in SOUND REPRODUCERS,
of which the following is # description:-
My invention relates to sound reproducers, par¬
ticularly of the type adapted to reproduce from disc
records having vertically undulating record grooves, al¬
though its use is not limited to that typo. The object
of my invention is to construct a reproducer giving an
improved quality of reproduction, by the elimination of
certain foreign or metallic sounds caused by the support¬
ing means and connections commonly employed between the
stylus and the diaphragm, and by causing the stylus to
track the record groove with groat fidelity. Other ob¬
jects of my invention will appear from tho following
specification and appended claimo.
Tho lever or am carrying the stylus and trans¬
mitting the movements thoreof to the diaphragm is oommonly
made of motal, and therefore may produce a characteristic
"ring" or metallic sound when sot into vibration by the
movements of the stylus. I form this part of a material
and in proportions eo chosen that it will produce no
(1)
audme Bound when the stylus lo vibrated, the lever
being preferably of wood. I also prefer to form the
stylus-cariylng arm betv/een its pivot and the stylus with
a portion stiffly resilient in a direction parallel to the
movement of the stylus in tracking the record. V/lth a
vertically undulating record groove this construction has
the effect of resisting movoment of the stylus away from
the record surface, whioh the momentum of the moving parts
tends to produce in cases of vibrations of wide amplitude.
In my construction the portion of the lever carrying the
stylus and situated boyond the spring portion is of small
mss and inertia, and upward movement of the stylus stress¬
es the spring portion of the lever, which tend3 to hold
the stylus always in contact with the record surface,
while at the same time the spring portion of the lever is
sufficiently stiff to transmit to the diaphragm all the
vibrations of the lever duo to the recorded sounds.
In order that a clearer understanding of my
invention may he had, attention is hereby directed to the
accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification,
and illustrating the preferred form of my invention. In
the drawing -
Figure 1 represents a central vortical section
through a sound reproducer embodying my invention; and
Figure 2 represents an end elevation of tho same
looking from the left in Figure 1.
Referring to the drawings, the sound box 1 is
formed in any suitable manner as by the annular member
2 and the flanged member 3, provided with the neck 4, the
(2)
threaded ring £ being screwed Into the annulus 2 to posi¬
tion and hold the members as shown. The diaphragm 6 Is
preferably secured between an annular rubber gaslcet 7 of
circular cross section and a ring 8 preferably of steel,
formed with a knife edge as shown, which is positioned to
contact the edge of the diaphragm in a circular line
opposite the center of the circular rubber gasket 7.
A copper washer £ may be interposed between the knife
edge support 8 and the flange of member 3 as shown.
The stylus 10 i0 mounted in a suitable holder
11 carried by /the end of lever 12 pivotally supported at
Ij. This lever or arm Is formed of a material such that
I it will produce no audible sound when the stylus is vi¬
brated, the lever preferably being made of well seasoned
wood, the grain of which should preferably run in a diagon¬
al direction, that is, preferably at an angle of approxi¬
mately 45 degrees to the bottom surface 14 of the lever
as shown. The upper end of the lever is secured to the
center of the diaphragm in any suitable manner, as by the
small bolt and nut 1£, l6, and a suitable adhesive, as
shellac. The lever is preferably pivoted to the ring 2
of the sound box by means of the small fixed pin 13 carried
by a bracket 1£, which is either Beoured to the ring 2 by
screws 18, as shown, or may be formed integral with the
ring 2. The endB of pin 1£ are mounted in lugs 1£ car¬
ried by bracket 1£. Lever 12 is provided with a suitable
opening therethrough in which is driven a small sleeve 20
j which furnishes a bearing for the lever when the same is
mounted with pivot pin 1£ extending through the sleeve 20.
(3)
\
Lever 12 i° provided with Losses 21 on each side of the
sane, sleeve 20 extending only through those Losses.
Lever 12 is preferaLly concaved or reduced in seotlon as
shown at 22^ between pivot 15 and the stylus support 11
in order to make the lever stiffly resilient in the di¬
rection of movement of the stylus 10, that is, at right
angles to the record surfaoe.
By making the lever of wood the obj ootionaLle
"ring” or metallic sound produced by a metallic lever or
stylus arm in operation is eliminated, my improved stylus
arm giving no audible sound of its own during the operation
of the reproducer. Also, by providing the levor with the
spring portion shown at 22, the stylus is oaused to track
I the record groove with greater fidelity, and the quality
of the sound reproduced is improved. In devices of this
character commonly used, the momentum of the moving parts
is often sufficient to cause the stylus to jump entirely
clear of the record surface when a portion of the Bound
record representing a rarefaction of considerable ampli¬
tude is being reproduced. With my invention, tho spring
portion of the lever is put under a certain amount of
stress when the stylus travels up tho slope of a rising
portion of tho record groove, thus tending to hold the
stylus in contact with the record surface and prevent the
same from jumping therefrom, the portion of the levor be¬
tween the end of the same and the ooncavod portion 22 being
of small masB and having small inertia. While the lever
bends somev/hat in reproduction at its moot resilient por¬
tion as stated, nevertheless, the lever is caused to rock
upon it 8 pivot by the movements of the stylus in tracking
the record groove, and the reproducing movements of the
(4)
Btylus are transmitted to the diaphragm.
K.,l„s no* desorlbod m invention. «».t I »l*“
and doalr. to pnotoct *» * “ a” f“uom,:'
In a 'eound^reprodooer t tho *ltl> *
v . — “ «?*** ott;rr
lever Plvot\d to ..id-nd *- - ‘ ° °*
aiephOT, Id a etyl»» “"led thoroW, »» » »
as described
\ sound reproducer, the combination with a
diaphragm and\ stylus, of means for supporting said
6tylus and transmitting the movements thereof to said
\ r1 entirely of wood j substantially as
diaphragm, composed, entire y
described.
, In . so\nd roproauoor, the oo.Mna.lon »ltt
»a . »W=. « -»» f»r •“pportl“e “l4
stylus odd W «» *'
diupHuae., .o shapeVand op ooC .at.ria » *° « * «'
resonant ultMn *Ul
as described
4 m . sound \eprodnoor, tie oo.fin.tlon «ltn <
diaphragm and a =«1»\ <* -«» “14
stylus and transmitting the ‘»«™of -old
diaphragm, oo.po.sd' on^rsW - — — “‘8"lia’
substantially as described.
in a sound raplduosr, the oomhlnatlon .ltl. »
diaphragm op a Pivot.d ls\ar oonn.ot.d to said dlapfr.s.
and a styluB
irried thoreW, said lever being
> .shaped
(5)
anil of matorial Q° chosen aa,,to'"be incapable of vibrating
so ao to five forth .an’ audible sound, substantially as
described.
\ • jn a sound reproducer, the combination with a
diaphragm of a pivoted lever connected to oaid diaphragm
and a stylus carried thereby, said lever being formed
with a'^porlflon between said stylus and the pivot of the
lover stiffly reuiliont in a direction parallel to the
reproducing movement of said stylus, substantially as
described.
t.,,., '-hjvy
7, In a dound reproducer, the combination with a
diaphragm and a stylus of a pivoted lever oarrying said
stylus and Joined Vo said.- diaphragm and so formed in the
portion thereof between its pivot and said stylus as to
resist exoessive movement of said stylus from the surface
of a record being reproduced thereby, substantially as
described.
'' jn a sound reproducer, the combination with a
sound box and a diaphragm positioned therein, of a lever
pivoted to said sound box, and joined at one end to said
diaphragm, and a stylus carried by the other end of said
lever and mounted in position to track a vertically
undulating record groove, the arm of said lever extending
from tho pivot thereof to said stylus being formed with
a^orl Jon stiffly resilient in a direction parallel to
movement of said stylus in tracking said vertioal un¬
dulations, substantially as described.
1 v> ' '*/'***'
the
(6)
®f)i£i Specification Signeb anti toitneSSeb tfjis,?^ imp o$i*~~
.-r^' . &&s-&cntu. . . .
©atb.
State of J?cto ferSep
Count? of CSSex
thohas a. ■EDISON , tije abobe namcb
petitioner, being bulp stoorn, bepoSeS anb saps tijat fje is a citizen of tfje Uniteb
States, anb a resibent of Llewellyn Park, West Orange, Essex County,
New Jersey
tijat fje berilp heliebeS ijimself to be tije original, first anb Sole inbentor of the
improbements in
SOUND REPRODUCERS
bestribeb anb claimeb in tije annexeb Specification; tijat fje boes not imoto anb
boes not beliebe tfjat tfje Same toaS eber bnohm or uSeb before ijis inbention or
biscoberp thereof; or patenteb or beScribeb in anp printeb publication in tije
KUniteb states of America or anp foreign countrp before fjis inbention or
biscoberp tfjereof, or more tfjan ttoo pears prior to tijis application; or patenteb
in anp countrp foreign to tije Uniteb States on an application fileb more tijan
ttoelbe months prior to tijis application ; or in public use or on sale in tije
tiniteb States for more tijan ttoo pears prior to this application; anb that no
application for patent upon Saib inbention has been fileb bp him or fjis legal
representatibes or assigns in anp foreign countrp.
-
Stoorn to anb subscribeb before me tijis bap \$Q>/
(/<?, _
i&otarp public.
[Seall
J* * ' DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON Bebruary 6,1911*
Thomas A, Ml son,
Care prank L. Lyer,
Orange, Hew Jersey . j !- h.i-' s v ; i I
Edison Laboratory . j h« !\ : . ..j
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of your application.
for Sound Reproducers .filed .Tan. 4 , 1 911 , Beri al number 600,761 .
This application has been duly examined.
15 in not connected on tbe drawing.
The expressions, means composed entirely of v/ood, and
meanfi composed entirely of mom-metallic material, in claims 2 and
4 respectively, are objectionable as not accurate. The supporting
means include the entire sound box and the entire sound box is not
of V70 0d«
Claims 1, 2 and 4 are rejected as not patentable over
McMahon, Juno 30,1891,#454°947, (101-10). It being old as
here shown to make the reproducing bar of wood, no invention can
be aeon in alone making the common type of stylus bar of wood.
Claim 3 is rejected on McMahon cited, see also Figure 6 in
which the stylus bar is believed to be non-reBonant.
Claim 6 is rejected upon the cited art* It is believed
that applicant's Btyius bur v/ill not perform the.funotion as
broadly as claimed in this claim. Accordingly the claim is also
rejected as covering a devioe inoperative to do that which is
ol aimed.
Claims 6 and 8 nro reacted as not patentaKLy difltin-
guinli&nfc from Mac don old, July 25,1905, $795,293, (18X^10) • Any
stylus -bar in which there is a out away portion :.-V
■fi'ir' ‘ ,.i between the pivotal pointj^the stylus hearing point will he
stiffly resilient at that particular point.
Claim 7 is rejected upon the cited art and 1b also
rejected as not distinguishing from almost any stylus her of the
general type disclosed hy applicant as Frenoh patent to Danzer,
#304. 54ft. April 11,1908^(181-10). The Danzer patent ■; (prevents
excessive movement of the stjrlus from the surface of the record.
This action 1b supplementary to the office notion of
February 8,1911 .
All of the clnima uro additionally rejected upon the
discloaure by^W. B« Stout in the Scientific American of '
April 27,1901 in an article entitled " Hot/ to nuke a Gramophone",
whorein the stylus bar is made ontirely of v/o
IN TIE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
|| THOMAS A. EDISON, )
|| SOUND REPRODUCERS , )
,1 Room No. 379
Filed January 3, 1911)
j| Serial Ho. 600,761. )
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to Office action of December 1,
1911, please amend the above entitled case as follows:
Cancel claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 and change
the numerals of claims 6 and 8 to 1 and 2 respectively.
In lino 4, claim 1 (former claim 6) after "a"
I insert - spring - .
In line 8, claim 2 (former claim 8) after
| "a" first occurrence, insert - spring - .
Add the following claims:
13, In a sound reproducer, the combination with a
diaphragm, of a pivoted lever connected to said diaphragm
and a stylus carried thoreby, said lever being formed with
a yielding portion stiffly resilient in a direction parallel
to the reproducing movement of said Btylus, substantially
as described.
4. In a sound reproducer, the combination with a
diaphragm, of a pivoted wooden lever connected to said
diaphragm and a stylus carried thereby, said lover being
formed with a yielding portion stiffly resilient in a
direction parallel to the reproducing movement of said
! stylus, substantially as described.
5. In a sound reproducer, the combination with ft
jj diaphragm, of a pivoted lever connected to said diaphragm
and a stylus oarriea thereby, said lever being formed with
Ija portion of reduced cross section to render the same
yielding and stiffly resilient in a direction parallel to
lithe reproducing movement of said stylus, substantially as
I described.
| 6. In a sound reproducer, the combination with a
jj diaphragm, of a pivoted wooden lever connected to said dia-
jiphragm and a stylus carried thereby, said lever being formed
jj with a portion of reduced cross section to render the same
jj yielding and stiffly resilient in a direction parallel to
i| the reproducing movement of said stylus, substantially as
Jj described.
remarks
The Examiner is respectfully requested to connect
the reference numeral 15 in Rig. 1 of the drawings with
the bolt coacting with the nut 16 to secure the upper ond
of the stylus lever to the diaphragm-
Hone of the references of record discloses a
sound reproducer having a diaphragm and a stylus lever
connected to said diaphragm and formed with a yielding
portion stiffly resilient in a direction parallel to the
reproducing movement of the stylus. In the patent
Macdonald of record, there is no reference to the construct
I ion of the stylus lever of a yielding material nor any
reference to tho necessary form, proportions and dimensions
of the stylus lover to render the same yielding and stiffly
resilient. Evidently, tho mere provision of a "cut-away
portion" , as suggested by tho Examiner, without tho use of
proper material and proper dimensions would not produce a
stylus lever having tho qualities specified above. Stout
and Danzer also do not disclose the yielding and stiffly
resilient features of applicant's Btylus lever- McMahon's
device is of an entirely different character from appli¬
cant's device and is thought to have no bearing on the
invention as now claimed. In none of the references of
record is there any contemplation or appreciation of the
structure claimed, nor of the advantages or improved
results derived therefrom; and the claims are accordingly
thought to be patentable.
Reconsideration and allowance are respectfully
requested .
Orange, Hew Jersey,
February 1912.
Respectfully siibmitted,
THOMAS A. ED I SOI!
379
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON liar oh 4,1912.
Frank Dyor,
Grunge, New Jersey .
0. S. PATENT OFFICE,
MAR 4 1912
MAILED,
M find below a, communication from the EXAMINER in charge of your application.
for Sound reproducers, filed .Tan. 4, 1911, aerial number 400,761 .
Thin action is responsive to the amendment filed Fob. 3,1912.
Claims 1 and 2 are rejected upon French patent to Gwozdz,-
Ootobor 1,1909, #406, V<W, (131-11) . It is believed that the reduoed
section below the bearing- points will render tho stylus bar stiffly
resilient at that point although it may not bo so described.
In other words, it is believed that tho cited structure will
perform the function claimed by applicant .
Claims 3 and 5 are rejected upon Vullquet.June^/t.igO?,
#855^736, (101-11) , see 17; Martin, Tioo. 8,^908, #905, 899, (101-11),
seo 36, or Gleason, Aug. 11, ,1908, #896,^06, (101-11) , see especially
48. As to llartin or Valiquet, no invention is found in substi¬
tuting a pivotal mounting for the mounting disclosed as a
pivotal mounting for the stylus bar is one of the most common
expedients in tho art. ■ •
Claims 4 and 6 are rejootod upon the art olted againnt claims
5 and 5, in view of the disclosure by Stout in tho Scientific
Amoricun of record. Invention is not found in muking the cited
stylus bars of material shown to bo old .
January 29, 1913
MeBsrs. Bacon & Milana,
908 G Street,
Washington, D. C.
Gentlemen:
Please secure for me as soon as possible, prints
of the drawings in French patent to Gwozdz, October 1, 1909,
No. 406,700, and charge the cost of same to Thomas A. Edison,
Incorporated, A. (Folio 681)
Very truly yours.
MJK
General Counsel
Bacon & Milans
(Cmtttat'UorjB at ffiarn
SOLICITORS IN PATENT AND TBADE-MAKK CAUSES
WASHINGTON, D. C.
February 1, 1913.
Delos Holden, Esq. ,
Orange , H. J.
Dear Sir:-
In keeing with the request contained in
your favor of the 29th ult. , we are endo sing herewith
print, s of French patent to Gwozdz Ho. 406,700.
K.
Very truly your
WILL B. STOUT
SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN
Apr. E7 , 1901.
"The sound reproducing part consists principally of the
"aoimding box" and its lever and the horn. The box may be
an old wooden pill box or may be cut from inch pine. It
should be circular about an inch and a half in diameter,
inside measurement, and an inch deep. If cut of inch pine
the central hole will be cut clear through the piece and a
euarter inch baching, or bottom of the horn glued on a three
quarter inch hole is drilled in one side of the box to re¬
ceive the horn. To the f ront . of the box is glued a thin
diaphragm of isinglass, outside of which is glued a paper
ring, or washer, as large as the rim of the box. The writer
used one machine for a while, which had a tight paper dia¬
phragm; but the isinglass is better. The box is shown in
section in Fig. 2. The lever (Fig. 3) is cut out of hard
■wood in the shape shown; the distance' from the wire axle, wi,
to the centre of the part.p, being the radius of the box
outside. The other end of the. lover is a trifle shorter
than the inner end, and 'holds at its end. the needle, n, in a
small awl hole. This needle is hold -in place by a small screw
So, so that its projection from the wood may be adjusted till
the clearest effect is .produced. The lever is mounted in a
crotch, Cr, cut also from hard wood, the axle, wi,' being a
wire- The crotch part is glued on to the side of the box
at an angle of about 120 degrees with the hole already o*t to
receive the horn, the part p, of the lever, being fastened
to the centre of the mica or isinglass diaphragm with glue
or sealing wax." * * * * * *
"while not up to the machine made product , yet it is not far
behind, and for the satisfaction of the maker for the time
spent in its manufacture, it 'can't be beat'
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 682 Sound Reproducers
Serial #: 600762
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed:
1/3/1911
Folio No . 68*3 , Serial No
l Applicant. Address.
.7^7-^ A ■ .
Title . .
'ilejj^sv
Examiner’s Room No...
Assignee
Ass’g’t Exec.
t-lj/l. . l(i
(: U'H'
i-r^ - -7,
. 1 i . ■ yw
• /
, Ol
8
0 H
. 24 .
. 2(5 . - .
. . 20 .
. 27 .
\#v :
. 28 .
%>
. 29 . - .
ig: .
. 30 .
FRANK L. DYER,
Counsel,
Orange, New Jersey.
petition
®o tlje Commissioner o! patents:
gout petitioner tkoieas a. Edison
a citizen ot tlje Uuiteb States, resibing anb Ijabing a Post ©ffice abbreSS at
Llewellyn Park, West Orange, Ena ox County, Nov/ Jorney
praps tljat letters patent map be granteb to Ijim for tfje iinprobements in
SOTtND REPROrHTCJSRS
Set fortfj in tije annexeb specification; anb ije ijerebp appoints Jfranfe TL. 33per
(Registration J2o. 560), of ©range, iJeto fersep, ijis attornep, tuitlj fall
potoer of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tfjis application, to mafee
alterations anb amenbments tfjerein, to receibe tlje patent, anb to transact all
business in tlje Patent ©ffice connccteb tljerehiitfj.
SPECIFICATION
TO ALL WHOM IT KAY COIICERW:
BE IT KNOY/N, that I, TH013AS A. EDISON, a oitlzen
of tho United StatoB and a resident of Llewellyn Park,
West Orange, Essex County, Hew Jersey, have invented
certain new and useful improvements in SOUHD REPRODUCERS,
of which the following is a description:-
Ky invention relates to sound reproducers and
my object is to provide means for eliminating to a con¬
siderable extent the harsh and foreign noises which are
usually hoard during the reproduction by such devices from
a record. In the operation of the reproducer, vibrations
of the air are sot in motion by the movement of the front
of the diaphragm as well as by the movement of the rear
of the diaphragm which is connected to the horn or sound
amplifier. The front of the diaphragm or that side to
which the stylus is connected is usually open to the air
and the sounds given off thereby should be stopped or pre¬
vented from passing through the air to the ear of the
listener. I have determined that foreign and objection¬
able noiseB are made by the movement of the stylus lever
upon its pivot and commonly by the vibration of the mov¬
ing parts themselves. Accordingly, in my invention I
provide means for enclosing the front of tho diaphragm,
and also preferably the pivot and the greater part of the
(1)
I stylus am or lever within a suitable cioeure or muffler,
which prevents the Bounds referred to from setting up
vibrations in the atmosphere. I preferably enclose the
whole sound box in a metallic container of neat appear¬
ance, the stylus and a portion of its support extending
through a small opening in the same. The container
should be of a fora and material so chosen as not itself
to be capable of being set in vibration of a character
to produce audible sounds. The objeots of my invention
j! in accordance with the foregoing statement are more fully
| disclosed in the following specification and appended
jj claims.
! In order that my invention may be more clearly
|| understood, attention is hereby directed to the accompany-
| ing drawing, forming part of this specification, and il-
j| lustrating a preferred embodiment of my Invention. In
the drawings , Figure 1 represents a central vertical
I section through a sound reproducer provided with my in-
invention, certain parts being shown in side elevation; and
1 Figure 2 represents a section on line 2-2 of Figure 1,
looking to the right.
The sound box 1 is provided with the usual
diaphragm, to which vibrations are Imparted by the stylus
2 carried by lever £ pivoted aB shown at 4 to the sound
box 1, the upper end of lever J. being connected or fastened
I to the diaphragm in any usual or desired manner. The
closure 5. is preferably of brass and approximately spheri¬
cal in form, enclosing the sound box 1, the upper arm of
lever and the pivot 4 thereof, the lower arm of the
(2)
lever extending downwardly through opening 6 adjacent the
lower portion of the oontlnor £. The oloaure Jg, may
conveniently ho made in two parts, the approximately
honi- spherical portion £ which is integral with a short
tube 8 adapted to ho slipped over thencck of the repro¬
ducer at) shown, and the homi- spherical portion £ adapted
to ho joined to the portion £ to form the complete closure.
The connection may he made between the two parts by hand¬
ing the adjacent edges of the portions, as shown at 10,
to form a spring fastening meanB. The parts may he
located with renpoot to each other hy means of a pin 9'
oeo\>rod to manlier £ and inserted in a slot in member 7
v/hon the parts are brought together. By forming the
cloouro as a continuous sphere or continuously arched
member, vibrations of the same, such aB might he produced
hy a metallic cylindrical closure having a plane surface
parallel to the diaphragm are prevented. Vibration of
the closure would similarly he prevented if only the front
portion £ of the closure were used, the edges of the same
being secured firmly to the sound box £. I prefer,
however, to use the form of closure illustrated, in which
the sound box is entirely surrounded, and all sounds ex¬
cept those produced by the diaphragm and transmitted there¬
from through the neck 11 to the amplifying horn, muffled
or eliminated. The sound box connection may be provided
with the universal joint shown at 12 if desired, excessive
movement of the reproducer in both a vertical plane and
in a direction transvorso to the record grooves boing
prevented by the coaction of pin 13 secured to portion
(3)
L of do our o £ with stirrup 14 owned ^ a member Ig.
Becured to the horn concoction X6, “tirrup 14 pref waW
Dsina formed nth a triangular op mine therethrough ao
I shown.
HavinG now described my invention, what I claim
j! and desire to protect by letters Patent is as follows:-
I 1< ln a sound reproducer, the combination with a
jl sound box, a dlapW carried thereby, a lever pivoted
to said sound box and connected to said diaphragm, and a
stylus carried by said lever, of a substantially non-
sound-transmitting closure mounted to cover the front side
of said diaphragm and a portion of said lever including
j the pivot thcroof , substantially as described.
1 jig ‘ in L& sound reproducer, the combination with a
j diaplAgm, stylus, and lever connecting the stylus to the
diaphraW, of a metallic closure mounted to cover the
side of W diaphragm to which said stylus is connected
and prevent the escape of sound vibrations therefrom,
|| said closure being of such a form as to be substantially
! incapable oVbclng set Into vibrations corresponding to
| audible bounds, substantially as described.
\ sound reproducer, the combination with a
! diaphragm, styles, and lever connecting the stylus to the
diaphragm, of a Substantially non-sound-transmitting
closure in the for\of a continuous arch, the ends of
which are secured, Runted to cover the side of said
diaphragm to which said stylus is connected and prevent
(4)
the escape of sound vibrations therefrom, substantially
as described.
In a sound reproducer, the combination with a
sound box, a diaphragm carried thereby, a lever pivoted
to said sound box and connected to uaid diaphragm, end
a stylus carried by said levor, of a closure in the
form of a continuous closed arch. entirely enclosing said
sound box,/ the horn connection of said sound box and said
stylus extending out. through said closure, substantially
as described. t /
¥j«-
®bis specification Signeb anb toitneSSeb tfjis 3 d bap of
©atb.
g>tate of J*eb) Jersep )
Countp of (Essex )
thomas a. kdison , tfjE abobe nameb
petitioner, being bulp Stoorn, bepoSeS anb SapS tfjat fje is a citizen of the fSniteb
** * «, ,..t Or„B., *». County,
New Jersey
tijat be berilp beliebes himself to be tije original, first anb Sole inbentor of tfje
improbements in
SOUND RKPHODUCEHS .
beScribeb anb claimeb in tfje annexeb specification; tfjat be boeS not Imoto anb
boeS not beliebe tijat tfje same tuaS eber fmohm or useb before fjisi inbention or
biscoberp thereof; or patenteb or beScribeb in anp printeb publication in the
fSfniteb States of America or anp foreign countrp before bis inbention or
biscoberp thereof, or more than ttoo pears prior to this application; or patenteb
i„ anp countrp foreign to tfje Uniteb states on an application fileb more than
tloelbe months! prior to this application; or in public use or on Salem the
fHniteb States for more than ttoo pearS prior to this application ; anb tfjat no
application for patent upon Saib inbention fjnS been fileb bp him or IjiS legal
representatibes or assigns in anp foreign countrp.
_t - — - -
&toorn to anb subscribeb before me this a d bap
_ Abvyxzs -
Jlotarp public.
[fteall
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
Tehy. 8,1911.
Thomas A, Sdison, ;■ o' '
Care Trunk t. ftyer, ; '■
0 ran so, Now Jorsoy . j j
Please find below a communication from the EX A til HER in charge of your application.
for Sound peproduocre, filed .Tan. 4,1911, serial number 600,762 .
This application has been duly examined. (
It being common in lids art to enclose the diaphragm
stylus bar and mountings as in Run ge , Sept . 25,1906, #831,^995,
(181-11), no invention can hr. seen in making a. container of
spherical shape us in Gorman patent #187,705, Aug. 8,1907, (l81-l0)
and all of the claims ure accordingly rejected .
Ill THE TOUTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
THOMAS A. EE I SOU, )
SOTOID REPRODUCERS, • )
Room Ho. 379
Filed January 4, 1911,)
Serial Ho. 600,768. )
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to Office action of February 8,
1911, please amend the above entitled case as follows:
Cancel claims 2 and 3 and change the
numeral of claim 4 to 2.
Add the following as claim 3.
3. In a sound reproducer, the combination with a
sound box, a diaphragm carried thereby, a lever pivoted to
said s ound box and connected to said diaphragm, and a stylus
carried by said lover, of a substantially non-sound trans¬
mitting closure in the form of a continuous closed arch
entirely enclosing said sound box and also enclosing a
portion of said lever including the pivot thereof, the horn
conneotion of said sound box and said stylus extending out
through said closure, substantially as described.
REMARKS
The Examiner iB respectfully requested to change
the reference character designating the pin co-acting with
the stirrup 14 from 3 to 13 in both of the figures.
Claims 1 and 2 are thought to be allowable in
their original form and have, therefore, not been amended.
Claim 1 differentiates from the patents of record by speed-
£yinB "a substantially non-sound transmitting olonuro
mounted to cover tho front Bide of said diaphragm and a
portion of said lever including tho pivot thereof” . Ho-
f erring to the patent to Runge, the function of the cover
7 disclosed therein is/to prevent transmission of sound
from the front of tho diaphragm and the stylus lever pivots
hut to prevent disturbance of the device by an accidental blow
and to shut out dust and dirt. Sec lines 97 to 101, page 1
of Runge’ s specification. The material of which the
cover is made is not specified by Runge; and considering
his invention as disclosed, a material capable of vibrating
and accordingly of transmitting sounds might be employed.
In tho German patent of record, reference to the material
of 'which the member o is made is likewise omitted and the
stylus lever is not supported on pivots within tho said
member £.
Claims 2 and 3 specify that the enclosure
entirely encloses tho sound box. In neither of the patents
of record is the rear of the sound box enclosed ;and the
vibrations emanating from this part of the sound box
are accordingly free to be transmitted to the ears. In
applicant's device, this objection is obviated by entirely
enclosing the sound box.
II The now claim which is presented herewith sots
I forth that the entire sound box and also a portion of tjie
stylus lever including the pivot thereof is enclosed by '{a
substantially non-sound transmitting closure in the form) of
a continuous closed arch, features which, as sot forth above,
are not disclosed in the references of record.
Reconsideration and allowance are respectfully
requested*
Orange, Hew Jersey,
January $Co, 1912.
Rospeotfully submitted ,
EIIOMAS A. KDI30N,
Them
paper N A
■fi'1
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
A. 75fi.i-.nn,
Cij.ro Iran): L. Dyer,
Orange, ’low Jersey •
U.S. PATENT OFFICE,
MAR 1 1912
M A ILED,
mc find below a
Tor Sound
600,1*82 .
communication from, the EX A 131 HER in, charge of your application.
■reproducers, filed .Tan. 4,1911, or rial number
Commmioner of Palma.
Thin action in responsive to the amendment vun. ,
1912.
An applicant 1 s constructs his casing of nctal, an excellent
Bonnd transmitting moans, he must depend on the fora of hie
cueing rather than on the material thereof to provide a non
sound transmitting casing. This is further borne out by the
context of the specification. This being true, the
the oermun device is operative to perform this function if
applicant's structure is. Note that the German reference has
a complete sound box inside of his spherical casing except
that the stylUB bar is supported from the outer casing instead
of from the inner. Invention is not seen to be involved in alone
supporting the German stylus bar from the inner casing, especial¬
ly in view that it is old to provide the stylus bar mounting
inside of a oimdng as in Runge of record or Johnson, Sept . 13,
1904, #769*896, (181-3)'. > Accordingly all of the claims are
rejected.
Claim 1 is also rejected on Johnson alone. Moreover, non
sound transmitting casings are old as in Johnson cited; Robinson,
Deo. 27,1904, #770,271, (101-3), or Bottini.jjao. 20,1092,
#400,379,(101-10) and invention is not found in making suoh
As'''
of. Jaoquoo,May aK,ioau,#ao3,^9?),
V/ 600, 762- . 2*
1 in vio. of ..»•» .w.oluro. II.no. all of «
cluii.ii> -are add.it innally rojoctod.
In tha structu. .
(1, •!-=), 01.0 n nuni. K.x i. .nol.o.^fn . non o.»nU «—*«**
, . - . . • *,i,._ .''318,568, July 15,1008. (181-8),
caning. ah — '•••" *-nv , ’ 1
» sound ho* in entirely enclosed in' a cosing that will exclude
■fna sound. Invention in net found over those two ctructuron in
applicant *o structure and the claim ..arc -) additionally
ted to,- ouch reasons, further: .ore, Haunt, leh.
#9dOi»«9i(lBl-S), dl.olo.OB.th. ioolation of the- nound rising on
one side of the diaphragm from that rising on the o„hoi nido.
,roto that in this structure the stylus har mounting is inside
of the casing. V/hilo (Mount • ' conducts the sound from both
, Cfiew of the references , of
sides of the diaphragm to -the. ears ^ view
record, invention is not found in completing the enclosure
, , * rit,.v vugra . Accordingly
provided for the outer side of -nc diup.i ^..n
all of the clains are additionally rejected for such reason.
■beg to advise you that v/e have made title searches of the
patents referred to in your letter and have to report as
follows
Apple , 932,087:-
\7e have to report that we have been unable to
find any instruments of record affecting the title to this
patent up to and including Dec. 15, 1910, the last date of
record on the assignment digest.
Robinson, 778.271:-
V/e have made a careful search through the assign-.
ment records with reference to this patent and have found
but one assignment of record affecting the title thereto,'
namely, an assignment from Eugene M. Robinson to Rudolph-
Y/utlitzer Co., corporation of Ohio, Cincinnati, 0., assign¬
ing all the right, title and interest in patents Nos.
778,271, 813, '870, and 831,188, and all rights of recov¬
ery for past infringements thereof by third parties. This
assignment was acknowledged Sept. 20, 1906,. and recorded
Jan. 6, 1907, in liber V, 75, page 273.
Mr. Edition is desirous of mounting a closure over the
front of the reproducer, as shown in the patent drawing which
I hand you herewith, to smother the sounds given off hy the
front of the diaphragm. A device dominating this is shown in
patent to Robinson, No. 778,271, Dec. 27, 1904 herewith. The
only substantial difference is that Robinson makes his enclosing
cap J52 of cardboard or other non- sound-transmitting material
and cylindrical in form, while Mr. Edison makes his of brass
preferably, and rounds it out as illustrated to prevent vi¬
bration of the same. I think Robinson's Claim 2 is infringed
by this device, and would recommend that we attempt to buy
Robinson's patent if Mr. Edison wishes to use the device in
the machine to be manufactured.
-1638
MEMORANDUM
)rk‘6'-2-
Mr. Smith: 12/83/10.
Referring to your note of the 28nd inst. , X hardly think
it worth while to attempt to huy the patent to Robinson for the
following reasons:
1. It has not been definitely decided to enclose the
open side of the speaker as Mr. Edison proposes. When that has
been definitely decided the question of buying the Robinson patent
can be considered.
2. I do not think Mr. Edison's suggestion infringes
the Robinson patent. Robinson slides his cap over the body of
the speaker and holds it in place friotionally. Both the
P.S.-2 . -• •: ' .
second ana third claims are limited to the fact that the cap is
"adapted to slidably fit over and cover one side of the reproducer
of the phonograph". Mr. Edison's device is simply a spherical
• containing box entirely surrounding the reproducer and not fitted
to it; this strikeB me as being a different invention.
3. The idaa of muffling the sounds developed at the
open side of the diaphragm is very old, and I think you will find
a number of Edison patents disclosing this. Perhaps there are
other patents. The suggestion has often been developed in the
laboratory and is one of the common thoughts of the phonograph
business. Ho doubt Mr. Pierman or Bred Ott can give you a
good deal of information on this
, E. 1. Djl
eid/iot
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Storage Battery
U.S. Patent#: 1034002
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 1 /25/1 91 1
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 691 Insulating Compound
U.S. Patent#: 1083354
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 1/25/1911
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 692 Composition for Sound-Records and Other Objects
U.S. Patent#: 1002505
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 1/25/1911
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 698 Sound-Box for Phonograph
U.S. Patent#: 1187146
Primary Applicant: Holland, Newman H
Date Executed: 2/1 5/1911
CORRECTIONS
Folio# 700
Talking Machines (Case A)
Serial #: 609099
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 2/15/1911
. . ^ .
c J; ‘ ' ' *(* ;> £ '
...{2??C<*,'A'Smr+.r*?. . C<Z*r...).. .
Filed t^£0J/- . "
Examiner’s Room No. .
Assignee
Ass’g’t Exec...
y 7V
-. ,.- iA.-
1 . . /£, / 4/! •
;{ Jh..?k..l,.Z.7 U.’i.tJr
FRANK L. DYER,
Counsel,
Orange, New Jersey.
petition
®o tlje Commissioner of patents!:
gout- petitioner thojias a. meson,
a citijen of tfje Uniteb States, resibing anb fjabing a $ost ©ffice abbress at
Llewellyn Park, V/ost Orange, County of •gases, State of Haw Jersey
praps tfjat letters patent map be granteb to Ijim for tfje improbements in
- TALKIHC JiACHItTES -
set fortfj in tfje annexeb specification; anb fje fjcrebp appoints jfranfc TL. J3per
(Registration j?o. 560), of ©range, iJetu Jersep, Jjis attornep, Uiitfj full
poUicr of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tfjis application, to mafec
alterations anb amenbments therein, to reccibe tfje patent, anb to transact all
business in tfje patent ©ffice connecteb tljeretuitfj.
ji SPECIFICATION.
ji TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: j
BE IT K3TOWH, that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a
ji citizen of the United States and a resident of Llewellyn j
Park, West Orange* in the County of Essex and State of
jj New Jersey, have made a certain new and useful invention
j in TALKING MACHINES, of which the following is a de-
\ soription:
My invention relates to talking machines and
more particularly to means for holding the sound record
, employed with such machines against rotation with
jj reference to its support. |
jj It has heretofore been customary in machines
Ij in which a record of diso form was supported on a rotatable
ij support to rely upon the friction between the record and
j! support to prevent relative rotary movement between these
jj parts. When, however, a reproducer of considerable weight
;j is used with such machines, it is found that this friction
I is not sufficient to prevent such relative movement and thai
| the reproduction i0 accordingly imperfect. It is the
;j object of ay invention to obviate this objection by the
jj provision of means for positively locking the record to its
I
| support .
jj With t»i® and other objects in view, my in-
!:i vention consists of the features hereinafter set forth and
claimed.
In order that my invention may he more fully
j understood, attention is hereby directed to the accompany-
iili
!
|i ing drawing forming a part of this specification and in J
I' whioh -
i Figure 1 represents a central, vertical sectional
j; view of a portion of a talking machine embodying one form
!| of my invention, some of the parts being shown in ele-
;| vat ion.
:| Figure 2 represents a plan view thereof;
Figure 3 represents a central, vertical section- ;
j! al view of a device embodying a modified form of my in- |
j! |
j| vention and j
Figure 4 represents a plan view thereof.
In all of the views corresponding parts are |
j designated by the same reference numerals. '
E Referring to Figures 1 and 2, JL represents the
|j top of the cabinet of a talking machine in which is rotat-
| ably mounted the shaft 2 for driving the table 3, which is
j adapted to support a sound record 4^. represents a pin
ij er equivalent meanB for securing the table 3 to the shaft
]| 2. The upper end 6^ of the shaft projects above the table
| and is adapted to engage the central aperture 7. ^he
;l record and thus to form a bearing for the record,
j In order to prevent relative rotation between
: the record and the shaft 2, the end 6 of the latter is
|j provided with a key or equivalent means 8 preferably
|j engaging in a slot or key way 9 in the record. In the
|i form of my Invention shown in Figures 1 and 2, this key
| is solid with the shaft 2. In the modification shown
j in Figures 3 and 4, the key is slidable radially of the
|i shaft and record in the reoess 10 in the shaft 2 and is
«2'
forced into engagement with the record hy a spring or
equivalent yielding means 11. While the key in this
modification ia shown as co-operating with a keyway,
obviously this modification could he used with records
not provided with a key way. In the latter case, the
key would he forced into the recess 10 and would he held
hy the spring 11 in firm frictional engagement with the
v/all of the aperture 7 in the record. As shown in
figure 3, the key 8 co-operates with a key way 12 in the
table 3 to lock the latter to the shaft 2,
Having now described my invention, what I claim
as new and desire to secure hy Letters patent of the United!
States is as follows: j
f't lUA-rJ.i&tl' ' _ !
ij 1 , In a talking machine , the combination o * a
record\support , a record carried thereby, and a rotatable
driving shaft secured to said support atid forming a bearing
for said\ecord, said shaft and record being provided with
means for positively looking the same against relative
rotation, substantially as described.
I 2. In a\ talking machine, the combination of a
j| record support, V record carried thereby, and a rotatable
|| driving 3haft secured to said support and forming a bearing
| for said record, sdid shaft and record being provided with
1 interfitting means fbr j
relative rotation,
jj 3, In a talking Machine, the combination of a
positively looking the sane against
it anti ally as deBcribdd.
record support, a reoord \jarried thereby, and a rotatable
driving shaft secured to s\id support and forming a bearing
ij for said record^ aaid shaft and record being provided with
'I a key and slot connection for looking the same against
I1 relative rotation, substantially as described.
| H. In a talking machine, the combination of a record j
;! support , a rotatable driving shaft secured to said support
j and forming a bearing for the record, a key mounted in said
s shaft 'and- means for forcing the said key into engagement
j with the record to lock the same against rotation with j
;! respect to said shaft, substantially a3 described. j
'5. In a talking machine, the combination of a rec- j
ord support, a rotatable driving shaft secured to said !
i; support and. forming a bearing for the record, a koy |
Ij mounted in said shaft, and yielding means for forcing j
j the said key into engagement with the record to look the
j same against rotation with respect to sail shaft, sub-
j! stantially as described.
| fe. In a talking machine, the combination of a
record support, a rotatable driving shaft secured to aaid
|j support and forming at its upper end a bearing for the
j record, ('the said upper end of the shaft being provided with
| a reoess, and a spring pressed key slidably mounted in said
reoess, and adapted to look the record against rotation
with respect to said shaft, substantially as described.
®fjis specification signet) anb toitneSSeb tljis ) ^ bap ofc^4«*^j0l;
Cl-j Ctl^<L.r^Ly
©HitneSSctf):
1 ^/U&toA<e<k . \C.X>rZ. .
2 ■JQ-lrt-r*-**' iikx-L^-^ .
©atlx
g>tate of JJeto fersep j ^
Countp of €ssex )
thOjvia s a . tsdison . tfjc abobc nanieb
petitioner, being bulg Stuorn, beposes mib Saps tfjat fjc is a citijen of tfje llniteb
states, anb a resibent Of Llewellyn Par*, West Orange, New jersey
tijat ije berihj beliebes {jimself to be tije original, first anb Sole inbentor of tlje
improbeinents in talking machine
bcScribcb anb claimeb in tlje antiexeb Specification ; tfjat Ijc boes not bnoto anb
boeS not beliebe tfjat tlje Same tons eber Unobin or useb before fjis inbention or
biscoberp tfjereof ; or patenteb or beScribeb in anp printeb publication in tlje
tSiniteb States of America or anp foreign countrp before Ijis inbention or
biscoberp tljcreof, or jnore tfjan ttoo pears prior to tljis application; or patenteb
in anp countrp foreign to tlje Uniteb States on an application fileb more tljan
ttoelbe montljs prior to tljis application; or in public use or on sale in tlje
Uniteb States for more tljan lino pears prior to tljis application; anb tijat no
application for patent upon Saib inbention bos been fileb bp Ijint or bis legal
representatibes or assigns in anp foreign countrp.
Stuorn to anb subscribeb before me tljis > s bap ofl^-^«-y 191 y
[&eal]
j©otarp public.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
7 0 0 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON Kerch _1 & , 1911 .
Thomas A. Edison, ' • ",:j
Caro frank L. Dyor, : j
Orange, Mow Jersey . I
Ple-ase find below a communis
for Talking nnchinea,
ation from the EXAMINER in charge of your application.
filed t«eh. 17,1911, serial number 609,099 .
. This application has been duly examined •
Claims 1, 2 and ^ are re, lacked upon either Taint, er.^uly
10,1880, #385,887-; TToffman, kov . 12,1907, #870,961, or Milans,
October 2,19o6, #832,40.3, all in (181-17).
Claims 4, 5 and 6 are rejected upon the cited art, in
view of Vnliquet, Jan. 17 ,1905 , . #780, 246, (181-3). -0 invention oan
ho found in making -the-' center Pont key spring pressed in view
that a lcoy spring pressed to retain the record upon the table is
an old expedient in this art .
Ill THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFPICH.
THOMAS A. EDISON , )
TALKING MACHINES, )
Room Ho. 370.
Piled February 17, 1911,)
Serial Ho. 609,099. )
HOHORABLE COMMISSIONER OP PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to Office action of March 16,
1911, please amend the above entitled case as follows;
Cancel claims 1, & and 3 and renumber
claims 4, 5 and 6 ns 1, 2 and 3.
Add the following as claim 4:
4. In a talking machine, the combination of a
record support, a rotatable driving shaft secured to
said support and forming at its upper end a bearing for
the record, the said upper end of the shaft being provided
vfith a recess, a key mounted in said recess and movable
to a position ontiroly within the same, and a spring
tending to force said key out of said recess and into
engagement with the record, substantially as described.
REMARKS
None of the references of record discloses
a key mounted in the driving shaft of the record support
and moans for forcing the said key into engagement with
the record to lock the same against rotation with respect
to said shaft. The Examiner states that "Ho invention
can bo found in making the center post key spring pressed
in view that a key spring pressed to retain the record
upon the table is an old expedient in this art" , the last
part of this (flotation evidently referring to the dis¬
closure of the patent to Valiquet. Eeforring to the patenjt
to Valiquet, the spring pressed pin disolosod therein is
not mounted in the driving shaft, as onlled for by the
claims, hut is located a considerable distance to one sido |
of the Bamo. Such a construction is not only less
simple than that set forth in the applicant's claims, hut
requires a specially formed record tablet having a recess
or opening which must always he located a fixed distance
•from the center of the record. Because of expansion and
contraction of the record due to temperature changes, the
distance between the center of the record and the said
recess or opening undergoes an. appreciable change. *t is
not seen how Valiquet' s construction could suggest that
set forth in any of applicant's claims; and in viov; of
the simplicity and obvious advantage of the latter con¬
struction over prior constructions, it is thought that the
claims are patentable.
Pew claim 4 distinguishes from the references
of record for the roasons set forth above and al30 by
specifying that the key is movable to a position entirely
within the slot in the driving shaft. By reason of this
construction, the applicant's looking moans may be used
ij with records with or without a slot leading from the
oenter aperture and is, therefore, of general application.
So suoh construction is either' shown or suggested by the
references of record.
Reconsideration and allowance ar„e accordingly
respectfully requested.
Respectfully submitted.
Orange, Hew Jersey, THOMAS A. EDISOH,
February * ^ 1912- By _
his Attorney.
v- -2-5” Room_-W9
J.H.D.-S.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON Maroh 27>191S*
■v
Thomas A. Edison, >
Care Erank E. Dyer,
Orange, Hew Jersey .
D.S. PATENT OFFICE,
MAR a/ 1912
MAILED.
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of your application.
for Talking Machines, filed yob. 17,1911, serial nunher 609,099 .
This action is responsive to the amendment filed 3Job. 26,
1912.
All of the claims are rejected upon Hoffman of record or
o
Tainter, July 10,1860, #385, 886, (181-3), see 43, in view of
Sweet, <,ept. 10, 1901, #682, ■5°d'7, (74-0earing, Slidable Key.) Inven¬
tion is not found in making the keys of Tainter or Hoffman spring
pressed in view of Sweet’s structure. It 1b not seen that any
funotion lias been obtained but what is obvious from the
employment of a spring pressed key in the talking machine
structures^ itod •
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 715 Alternating Current Motor
U.S. Patent#: 1214883
Primary Applicant: Bliss, Donald M
Date Executed: 3/1 0/1911
fW-'X VC-"
Mr. Edison:
EOIIO 715
,±0 - application^ Donald M. Bliss for
Alternating Current Motors
fhis application covers a combined inductio:
pulsion motor designed to operate on a single phase circuit and
self-starting. X understand that we do not use this motor.
This application is one of a group of applications assigned to
Thomas A. Edison, Inc. which you decided to prosecute and make a
reasonable effort to secure the allowance of the claims because of
the agreement with Mr. Bliss. ' Che interest of Ur. Bliss in this ^
application or a patent granted on it is that if the we sell the
application or patent, or grant a license, Mr. Bliss is entitled
to receive 86* of all moneys or other consideration received by us
from such sale or as royalties under such licenses. t
We have been able to secure the allowance o^#°r
ing claims:-
1. An armature comprising a core of magnetic Vterial
of theSopenings , substantially as described.
2 An armature comprising a core of magnetic ma-
described.
The following claims have been rejected:
3. In an alternating current motor, a rotor compris¬
ing a core of magnetic material, a completely closed-circuited
squirrel cage winding and a commutated winding located near •
the periphery of the said core, each winding being uniformly
distributed around the core and with portions of each winding
between portions of the other winding, and a commutator and
short circuited brushes for the commutated winding, substan¬
tially as described.
5. In an alternating current motor, a rotor compris¬
ing a core of magnetic material, a completely closed-
circuited squirrel cage winding and a commutated winding,
the active conductors of both being located near the per¬
iphery of the said oore and substantially equidistant from
the axis thereof, each winding being uniformly distributed
around the core and the two windings being so related that
substantially all of the flux threading any coil of the
commutated winding threads also a closed-circuited portion
of the squirrel cage winding, substantially as described.
These claims are rejected on the patent to Arnold Ho.
562,365, see particularly the diagrammatic shown in Pig. 4, the
Examiner holding that the short circuited windings a' shown in
this figure are the equivalent of the aharfr circuited squirrel
oage winding employed in the Bliss motor and recited in the claims.
While it is doubtful whether the Examiner is correct in this pos¬
ition, it would seem that the invention is a narrow one in view of
the Arnold patent and the patent to Bretoh Ho. 848,719, and that
^the Office has allowed us reasonably good claims. The question
now is whether you wish an appeal taken against the final rejection
of claims 3 and 5, or whether we shall cancel these claims and
& \j6
(I /'
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 719 Sound-Box
U.S. Patent#: 1204420
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 3/22/1911
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 720 Sound Boxes
Serial#: 616756
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 3/22/1911
petition
tEo tfje Commissioner of patents:
gour Petitioner tiio,’£AS a. Edison,
a citizen of tije fHniteb States, resibing anb ijabing a Post ©ffice abbrcSS at
Llewellyn Park, West Orange, "Bs k ex County, New Jersey,
praps tljat letters patent map be granteb to ijitn for tlje iinprobements in
SOUND BOXES
net fortlj in tfje annexeb Specification ; anb ije fjerebp appoints Jfranfe TL. ©per
(Registration ilo. 560), of ©range, J2eto STerSep, IjiS attornep, toitfj full
pobier of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tfjis application, to mabe
alterations anb amenbments tfjerein, to receibe tfje patent, anb to transact all
business in tfje Patent ©ffice connected tljeretoitfj.
S P ? 0 I I I 0 i I I 0 B,
ji TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: j
I BE IT KNOWN, that I, THOJIAS A. EDISON, a |
| citizen of the United states and a resident of Llewellyn j
I Park, West Orange, in the County of Essex and State of j
j New j-ersey, have invented certain new and useful im-
| proveraents in SOUND 30XE8 of which the following is a j
I description:
ii !
i; My invention relates to sound boxes particularly :
J of the type adapted far use in connection with diso !
ij records having vertically undulating grooves, although i
ij its use is not limited to that type. The principal
j object of my invention is to construct a reproducer ;
! giving an improved quality of reproduction "by the elimina- j
| tion of minute scratch vibrations and by the reduction I
of the prominence of objectionable high or low notes. :
Another object of my invention is to provide a oonstruotion|
whereby the loudness of the reproduction is materially j
j increas ed; and it is in this feature that the principal \
I difference between the present invention and that dis- |
j closed in my application, Serial no. (■>(■. filed j
j! 'exists. As in the last named invention I
! insert between the stylus arm and the diaphragm, a yielding
non-raetallio member of short elasticity preferably of cork, j
to absorb the scratch vibrations. In order to obtain
a loud reproduction and at the same time to balance up the |
tone of the diaphragm, I connect the stylus arm with the j
diaphragm eccentrically of the latter, as will be more
I
-1- I
jl fully explained in the following speoifioation. X also
prefer to make the stylus arm of wood or other suitable
! non-netalllc suhstanoe so as to eliminate the oharaoteris-
I tic "ring" or metallic sound which is produced when the
! com, non metallic stylus arm is set into vibration.
Other objects of my invention will appear more
fully from the following specification and appended
claims .
In order that my invention may be more clearly
| understood, attention iB hereby directed to the accompany¬
ing drawing forming a part of this specification and
j illustrating a preferred form of my invention.
In the drawing,
Figure 1 represents a central vertical section
|j through a sound reproducer embodying ray invention;
| Figure 2 represents a bottom plan view thereof;
|j and
S Figure 3 represents a diagranraatio view showing
|j how the tone of the diaphragm is balanced by my improved
ij construction.
:| In all tho views, like parts are designated by
| the same roforonee numerals .
j! Hef erring to the drawings, the body of tho
reproducer is formed in any suitable manner as by the
flat metallic , conioal member 1 having secured thereto
a hollow nook 2, bent substantially at a right angle,
J the flanged annulus 3, and tho threaded ring 4 screwed
[into the annulus 3 to position and hold the members as
shown. The diaphragm 5 is preferably secured between
jj an annular'1 gasket 6 of circular cross section and a ring
li 2 preferably of Bteel formed with a knife edge, as shown,
r
which is positioned to contact the edge of the diaphragm
in a circular line opposite the centre of the annular
gasket 6 . By reason of this construction, the diaphragm
is permitted to bend on the gasket £ and ring _7 without
buckling. I preferably form the diaphragm j5 of wood
i pulp board making the inner face thereof plane and the
{ outer face thereof, except for a short distanoe from the \
! periphery, convex; so that the diaphragm has substantially |
i the form of a segment of a sphere. This form gives to j
the diaphragm increased rigidity towards the centre and
eliminates objectionable looal vibration. ^ - j
! The stylus arm 8 which is pre$erab ily made of !
-
lj wood^is rigidly secured to the member 3 ty a bracket or
; saddle 9 held in place on the horizontal flange 3' of the
, member 3 by screws or other fastening means 10. A strip
; 11 of metal or other suitable material is Interposed j
| between the stylus arm and the flange 3^' so as to space j
| the said arm a proper distance from the diaphragm and is j
: held in place by the bracket 9 .
The stylus arm 8 extends substantially parallel
! to the diaphragm, and, at its outer end, which extends
|j some distanoe beyond the centre of the diaphragm, supports
|j a member 12 between which and the diaphragm is interposed
j| a piece 13 of cork or other yielding non-raetalllo material
! of short elasticity. The cork 13 is preferably secured
by shellao or other suitable adhesive to the member 12
and the diaphragm. The stylus 14, which is preferably
a diamond, is mounted in a holder 15 which is provided
with a shank 16, secured in any suitable way to the stylus
arm, preferably in a position to locate the stylus 14 sub-
i stantially under the centre of the diaphragm. The stylus
! "3"
of the |
j! latter, the distance from the point of application of the |
jj forces tending to vibrate the diaphragm to the various j
ll points on the periphery of the diaphragm var.ies as shown j
| in "Figure 3. The result of this construction is that j
I the diaphragm is not in tune with any particular note and !
that, therefore, a well balanoed tone is obtained, j
jj Furthermore, by reason of the connection of the stylus j
ji arm to the diaphragm eccentrically of the latter, the j
! movements of the centre of the diaphragm are magnified j
| as will be evident; so that a reproduction of increased j
■ loudness is obtained. The magnification of the vibrations!
of the diaphragm may- also he- increased by locating the
i Btylus 14 intermediate the connection 12, 13 and the !
fixed end of the arm 8, as shown. By reason of the ,
! employment of the cork insert 13, a large amount of
8 minute scratch vibrations ordinarily emitted when the
stylus is tracking a record, are absorbed; and by making
the arm 8 of wood the objectionable "ring" which is emitted
j "by the oommon form of metallic stylus arm during its !
'I vibration is eliminated. '
5 In order to make the arm 8 resilient in the j
;j direction of the movement of the stylus 14, that is, j
jj at right angles to the record surface, the lower surface j
I thereof is preferably concaved intermediate its ends as ^
!l shown at Vt_ so that the cross section of the intermediate j
1 portion of the arm in materially decreased. With this |
construction the stylus is held firmly in contact with the j
| record groove so that the record is faithfully reproduced, j
ij As shown in Figure 2, the stylus arm is preferably wedge j
arm. being connected to the diaphragm ecoent
»4*
| shaped in horizontal section, the broader end of the arm
being secured to the member 3, so that the stylus is
j held rigidly against movements transverse to the record
!! groove. TMs feature also adds to the correctness and
| quality of the reproduction.
!| while j have shown the preferred embodiment
j of my invention, it is evident that many modifications
j may be made in the structure disclosed without departing |
I! from the spirit of my invention. j
ji tThat I claim as new and desire t.o protect by j
S Letters Patent of the United States is as follows:
/ A '/Uk. - J’. .•<-?/ A'
jj -j, in a device of the class described, the com-
j hinatiL with a diaphragm and a support therefor, of a
j atyms a\m connected with said diaphragm eccentrically
| thereof, V>stahtially as described.
3 2> l\a device of the olass described, the
j! combination Xth a diaphragm and a support therefor,
j 0f a stylus aA secured., to" said support and connected
| with said fiiaphLpn eccentrically thereof, and a stylus
| mounted in aaidaV opposite the centre of said diaphragm,
j. substantially as ascribed.
j a. In a deviAof the class described, the com-
S hination with a diaphAgm and a support therefor, of a
j flexible stylus arm rig W secured to said support and
j connected wich said diaphragm eccentrically thereof,
ji substantially as describedX
ij 4. in a device of the\lass .described, the com-
i blnatlon .1th » di.phras. ani V »upp°rt tt.ptfor, °f *
i fltlhl. stylus am rlslSly *• «n»rt ““
"S'
jj connected, with said diaphragm soooa trio ally thereof, and
| a stylus mounted in said arm opposite the oontre of said
|i diaphrak
, substantially as described.
device of the class described, the com¬
bination w-1 th a diaphragm and a support therefor, of a
stylus armXand a yielding ndn-metailio member interposed
between said\arm and said diaphragm at a position eccen¬
trically of ukd diaphragm, substantially as described.
(k In a device of the class described, the com-
|! bination with a diaphragm and a support therefor, of a
I flexible stylus arm, rigidlyjiecured to said support,
I! and a yielding non- metal lie meifeer .interposed between
■j said arm and said diaphragm at a position- -eccentrically
| of said diaphragm, substantially ae described.
u £i ,\A,ci^UeC ‘ t/3/1
In a device of the class described, the
blnati\i with a diaphragt
II \
|| stylus aW rigidly secured to
support therefor , of a
ipport adj
the
;| periphery 'W said diaphragm and connected with said dia-
| phragm eccentrically thereof, the said arm being of
jl reduced c:ror\ section intermediate its ends, substantially
ji as described.
V
ll 8. in a device of the class described., tha <
j! hi nation with a dfaphragra and a support,- therefor , of a
l-metallic stylu^arm rigidly poured, to eaid support
adjacent the periphery of said diaphragm and connected
with said diaphragm eccentrically thereof, the said arm
being of reduced cr'oss Section intermediate its ends,
substantially as described.
In a device of the class described, the
oombiruat^on with a diaphragm, and a support therefor,
of a stylus, arm rigidly secured to- said support adjacent
the peripheryNof said diaphragm, the said arm being of
reduced cross action intermediate its ends and a yielding
non-metallic raember\^nterposed between said arm and said
diaphragm at a positio'n^eccentrically of said diaphragm,
substantially as described.
10/t,f in a device of the class described, the com¬
bination with a diaphragm, and a support therefor, of
a stylus arm rigidly secured to said support adjacent the
periphery of said diaphragm, the said arm being of re¬
duced cross section intermediate its ends,\a yielding
non-metallic member interposed between said ana and said
diaphragm at a position eccentrically of said diaphragm,
and a stylus mounted in said arm opposite the centre^ of
said diaphragm, substantially as described.
device of the class described, the
binatioh with a diaphragm and a support therefor, of a
stylus arm\of gradually increasing width in a direction
transverse to\the record groove, the said arm being se¬
cured at its broad end to said support and connected near
its other end witlNgaid diaphragm, substantially as
described.
f
/- 7
®!jis! specification signeb anb tuitneSSeb tljis ^ j ^bap of ^^=^19 1''
^ <&e&*wvT-
UllitneSSetlj:
.
2 A**y«S., . .
©atb.
g>tate of Jicbj JcrScp ]
Countp of €ssex [
tkomas a. rax son, tljc abobe nameb
petitioner, being buly Stuorn, bcpoSeS aub SapS tljat Ije is a citizen of tlje Uniteb
States, anb a resibent Of Llev/ellyn Park, West Orange , 'F.sacx County,
New Jersey,
tijat Ije berily beliebcs fjimSelf to be tfje original, first anb Sole inbentor of tlje
improbements in sound hox.es
beScribeb anb claimeb in tlje annexcb specification ; tljat Ije boes not Imoto anb
boeS not beliebe tljat tlje same boas eber Unobm or useb before Ijis inbention or
biscoberp tljereof; or patenteb or beScribeb in anp printeb publication in tfjc
Uniteb states of America or anp foreign cotmtrp before Ijis inbention or
biscoberp tljereof, or more tljan ttuo pears prior to tljis application; or patenteb
in anp countrp foreign to ttje Uniteb States on an application fileb more tljan
ttoelbe tnontljs prior to tljis application; or itt public use or on sale in tlje
Uniteb States for more tljan lboo pears prior to tljis application; anb tljat no
application for patent upon saib inbention IjaS been fileb bp Ijim or Ijis legal
representatibes or assigns in anp foreign countrp.
\/j£"*** '■''O -
g>b)orn to anb SubScribeb before me tljis-?-5’ ^bap /
ft.
iiotarp public.
[£*>eal]
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON 1
Thomas) A. Edison,
Cure -’Tank 7.. Dyer,
Ornnro, ”ew ~*rwy .
25,
,7 911 .
Please find below a communication from the. EX AH I HER in charge of your application.
for Hound boxes, filed March 24 ,1911 , serial number 616,756 .
The blanks left on page 1 should he filled In with the
proper serial number and date •
Claim 1 is rejected upon any of the following references:
'tort, May 5,1908, #727, 357}
v/ohor.t'ejf 88,1905, #790,542^’
Hibbard, Oot. 17,1905, #808,818, all in (if-'l-lO , also see
Moyer , cept . 25, 1900, #658,571, and
Woroross,.Tune 11, 1901, #676, 270, both in (181-10).
To Invention can he found in extending the stylus arm of either
Edison, -eh. 22,1910, #950,226, or Edison,. Tune 21 ,1910, #962, 081,
both in (181-10), or Chisholm, March 10,1906, #681,546, (lfil-lO , so
ob to attach it eccentrically to tbs diaphragm as in the references
cited, leaving the stylus intermediate the ends of +ho stylus arm,
a construction very common in xMs art as see Maodonald, ’-.ay 2,1899,
"624,059, (181-10) and accordingly claims 2, 3, and 4 are rejected-
Claim 5 is rejected upon tho reasons of rejection of
claim 1, in viev; of Edison, reby. 5, 1889, #397, 200, (lCl-lO) , as
showing tho cork attaching means .
Claim 6 is rejected upon the reasons of rejection of
claims 2 to 4, in viev/ of Edison, last cited.
Claims 7 and 8 are rejected upon the reasons of rejection
it'
#610,756 . 2.
of ill ;tiai 2, in vie* of Rand all, AuK. 1, M9S, #602,383, (lRl-8),
bb phowine the sfcylus arm of reduced: cross seotion intermediate
it rs ends.
rir.'.nR 9 and 10 are rejected upon the reasons of
rejection of o' aim 2, in view of Edison, Inst cited and Randall •
No Invention can he found in combining tl-ftse features in one sound
hox.
Claim 11 is rejected upon Kart, -Tune 6, 1900, #651, 308,
or TM i son , #962 , 081 , cited, both in (181-10).
I!
I IN THE V N I TED
ji
jj Thomas A, Edison
jj SOf’HD BOXES
jj Filed March 24, 1211
| Serial No. 616,756
j HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
j S I ft:
! Replying to Office action of
j April 25, 1211, pleace amend the above entitled caoo ae
li follows:
STATES PATENT OFFICE.
)
: Room No. 370
)
)
In line 20, page 1, after "No." insert
- 616,755; and at the beginning of line 21, same page,
inocrt-Maroh 24, 1911-.
In line 1, page 4, after "diaphragm", insert
- at a point -j and in line 13, same page, change "may"
to - is -, and canoel "be".
Cancel claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 11, and
change the numerals of claims 6, 9, and 10 to - 9, 10, and
11 - respectively.
Add the following ae claims 1 to 8, inclusive:
1. In a device of the class described, the oom-
binatioh-vQf a sound box body, a single diaphragm mounted
therein, a stylujs, and moans for transmitting the movomentsj
of the said stylus ^td\qoid diaphragm, said means bearing
upon said diaphragm substantially at a single point
eooentrioally of said diaphragm, substantially as de¬
scribed.
3 In a device of the olaea described,
bination of a sound box body, a single diaphragm mouh-t^d
therein, and a stylus arm conneoted eith said diaphragm
1.
s
'Ifce.t.L tj/- ^ ^
substantially at a... single point eoocntrically of said
diaphragm, substantially as described.
3,\ In a devioe of the class dcooribed, the oom-
therein, add a flexible stylus
single diaphragm mounted
rrn secured to said body
mneotek with said diaphragm substantially at a singljs
eccentrically of said diaphragm, substantially as j
bination of a sound box body, a single diaphragm mounted
therein, a stylus arm Opnnected with said diaphragm
substantially at a single point eccentrically of said
diaphragm, and a stylus motinted in said arm opposite the
fientre of said diaphragm, substantially as described.
5. In a device of the cl
: the crass described, the <
body, a Single diaphragm mi
; cured to e\id body, and yii
interposed betv/een said £
therein, a stylus arm secured to sKid body, and yielding
moans interposed betv/een said arm and^said diax'hragm
and bearing upon said diaphragm substantially at a single
point eccentrically thereof, substantially as described.
6. In a devioe of the class described, the com¬
bination of a sound box body, a single diaphragm mounted
therein, and a non-metallio ntyluo arm oonr.octed with
said diaphragm substantially at a single point eccentri¬
cally of said diaphragm, substantially as described.
7, In a devioe of the olaes described, the ooV-
bination of a sound box body, a single diaphragm mounted
therein, a non-metallio stylus arm secured to eaid body\
and yielding means interposed between said arm and said
diaphragm and bearing upon said diaphragm substantially
1
&txa single point ecoentrioally thereof, substantially
a:
devioo of the clean described, tho com¬
bination of a souhd^box tody, a single diaphragm mounted
therein, a flexible notHmetallio stylus arm secured to
said body, and yielding meantKinterpoaed between said
arm and said diaphragm and fcearinfj^pon said diaphragm
substantially at a single point eccentrically thereof,
substantially as described. -
P. E S A R X 8
I:
j
|
!
Hone of the references of record chows a sound j
box having a single diaphragm mounted therein and means ;
bearing upon or connected with the diaphragm substantially
at a single point eccentrically thereof for transmitting
the movements of tho stylus to the diaphragm. In the
disclosure of Hart there is a total absence of applicant's
inventive conception of applying the connections between
the stylus lever and the diaphragm to auoh a point on the
diaphragm as to throw the diaphragm out of tune with
particular notes. Hart's object was to produce a re¬
producer having a plurality of diaphragms and a stylus for
eaoh diaphragm, and in order to connect each stylus with
its diaphragm, he employs a number of oonneotionB, some
of whioh he must put slightly off the centre. Obviously,
Hart intended to place the oonneotions SI? and 33? aB near
the centre of the diaphragm as posoible, and tlpeBe con -
nections are, in fact, shown very near the centres of the
diaphragms. Claims 1 to 8 structurally differentiate
from the patent to Hart by specifying a sound box body
and a single diaphragm mounted therein. With the oom-
3.
ij bincsd arrangement of the diaphragms disclosed by Hart,
jj the nooustieevta«°of a device like that Bet forth in the
| ola.ims o< ul d not be obtained. T^c maximum effeot in
ji reproduction obtained from the various diaphragms in
ji Hart's dovioe is that of the upper diaphragm which has
'j its stylus connection looated at its centre, and is j
I therefore subject to the objections which it was appli-
1! I
jj oant'o object to obviate. The quality of the sound waves ,
ij resulting from the three diaphragms in Hart's reproducer
j would accordingly be inferior to that of the reproduction
| from applicant's device. Furthermore, it is peipted out
i that with Hart's plurality of styluses, it would be im-
■ possible to obtain perfectly synchronous vibration in all j
jj the diaphragms; so that the vibrations of one diaphragm
jj would interfere with those of the others, and an imperfect
jj reproduction would result. The patents to Weber and Hibbanl
do not show the stylus arm applied to the diaphragm oub-
! stantially at a single point.
In the structure of Moyer, a rigid oonical body
C. is employed in place of a stylus lever. This oonical
jj body vibrates about the edge thereof adjacent the periphery
|j of the diaphragm as a fulcrum and imparts the maximum
jj vibration to the diaphragm substantially at the centre
ji thereof. A large part of the diaphragm is held rigid,
and the vibration thereof is obviously essentially different
|j from that produced when tho oonneotiona from; the stylus
are applied to the diaphragm" substantially at a single
point ecoentaioally of said diaphragm".
The structure of HorcrosB is similar to that of
Moyer, and fails to anticipate applicant's stricture for
the same reasons as does Moyer's.
4.
j; No other references of reoord discloDCG a otyluo
|| connected to the diaphragm eccentrically thereof; and |
ola ia s 1 to 8 arc accordingly thought to be patentable. i
\ Referring to claims 0, 10, and 11, none of the
!j references discloses a sty'luo arm rigidly secured to the
|j diaphragm support, and a yielding non-matall ic member in-
1 terposed between said arm and diaphragm. addition to
j! absorbing the minute scratching vibrations, this yielding
| member in applicant's device permits a slight variation
i; between the relative angular positions of the portions of ,
I the stylus arm and diaphragm between which it ia interposed'
|| without danger of breaking the connection between these
jj parts. This yielding member ia, therefore, vssa in a
I; relation very different from that of the cork piece a
shown in the patent to Edison, Kcu 397,230, in •■/Inch
jj patent the stylus arm instead of being connected to tne
| sound box body, is pivotally supported on said cork piece.
I Furthermore, none of the references shows a stylus arm
j! rigidly ^secured to the diaphragm support and derating
j upon the diaphragm, at a position eccentrically of the
j latter. Claim 11 also distinguishes from the references
I] by specifying that the ctyluo ia opposite the centre of
ij the diaphragm while the stylus arm is connected with the
i diaphragm eccentrioally thereof.
None of the references discloses applicant's
1 invention nor ar.y equivalent combination, ard it is sub-
I mitted that the assembling and modification of various
jl elements from the references of reoord to produce appli
j oant's invention, as set forth in the claims in question,
oould not be accomplished without a knowledge of appli¬
cant's disclosure or the exercise of the invention-
5.
;
Reconsideration and
respectfully requested.
Orange, View Jersey
April 3, 3 013
allowance are accordingly
THOMAS A. EDISON
hie Attorney.
ji
|
-33 Room - 579
^^Popor N&jKeJ.*
42S
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON May 8,1912.
Thomas A. Edison,
Care Frank 1. Dyer,
orange, Mew Jersey .
D.S. PATPT OFFICE,
MAY 8 1912
MAILED.
ise find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of your application.
for Sound Boxes, filed March 24, 1911, serial number 616,756
This action 1b responsive to the amondmont filed April 4,
1912.
ClaimB 1 and 2 are rejected upon Williams, vuroh 21,1911,
fr 907,205, (181-ll)i Tainter.May 4,1886, #341,288, (181-2), see
Figure 11 and also as displaying no invention over Mart of
record. Invention is not found in employing only one of
irart'B diaphragms with the stylus bar connection disclosed.
Claim 3 ir. rejected upon any of the above cited references.
Invention ia not found in making the stylus arm flexible as
such/1 a a well known construction^ see Murray, July 16,1907 y/
#860,604, (181-11); Edison, #962,081 ^ record; Bdi son, #950, 226
of record; Jones, April 19, 1898, #602, 453, (ltyl-ll) } Randall of record
or Lumiore Eng. putent,Mov. 16, 1909, #26, 613, (181-11).
Claim 4 is rejeoted upon Talnter, oited, oIbo aB
displaying no invention over the art disclosed, no invention being
found in connecting the stylus arm of Haodonald of record
eooentrioally with rospect to the diaphragm v/ith the stylus
opposite the center, in view of Tainter's disclosure or Williams,
disclosure.
Claim 5 is rejeoted upon Tainter; also upon Hart or Williams
in view of any construction showing the interposition of yielding
#616,756-
meana 'between the stylua arm and the diaphragm. Such aa shown
for example In J^nea.Hay 31, 1890, #604, 829, (101-3)} Berliner, *eb.
19,1895, #5 34, #43, (101-3)-} Berliner, , July 28,1090, #564, SB6,
(181-3)} Kraemor, April 21, 1908, #885, too-, Cheney, April 7,1903,
#724,435^both in (181-11)} Hlll.mib. 19,1901, #668,183, (181-10),
or Edison, #397, 280, of record.
Claim 6 ia rejected upon the roferenooa cited against dlaim
1, in view of any v/ooden stylua am aa in the two Edison
references first cited oiy the disclosure by W. B. Stout in an
article entitled "Uow to Make a Gramophone" in the Soient.ifio
American of April 27,1901.
Claims 7 and 8 ore rejected upon the references and reasona
of rejection of claim 6 in view of the references oited against
claim 5 as showing the yielding means interposed.
rejected .
Claims 9, 10 and 11 aroj^upon the references oited against
claim 1, in view of any of the references showing flexible
arms and any of the references showing interposed non motalio
members
JIT Jim UHIIED S2ASE3 PAJHIIT OPEICB.
thohas a. e pi 3 oh ,
iSOUTTE BOXES,
Filed liar oil 24, 1911
Serinl Ho. 616,756.
Honor. AiiiE com: is si oh he or patemjs,
S I H:
In response to the Office action of Hay 0,
1912, please amend the above ontitled case aof allows :
In lino 12, page 3, after "of" insert
_ non-raotallic material, such as - ; and in line lo , same
page, after "wood" insert a comma (,) .
Cancel nil of the claims and insert the
following now claims :
1. In n device of the class describe-!;!, the com¬
bination of a di up hr a; ra, a stylus arm connected with said
diaphragm at a position occontrioally of tho diaphragm,
and means coasting with arid arm at a second position to
support the same, said arm being provided -with stylus
supporting means intermediate said positions, substantially
as doscribod.
2. In a device of tho class doscribod, the com¬
bination of a sound box body, a diaphragm mounted therein,
and a styluc arm supported by said sound box body ut a
givor, position and connected v/ith said diaphragm at a
eocond position eccentrically of tho diaphragm, said arm
boing provided with stylus supporting means intermediate
said positions, substantially as described.
Hoom Ho. 379.
3. In a device of tho olnso described, the com¬
bination of a sound box body, n diaphragm mounted thoroin,
end a yielding stylus arm rigidly secured to said Bound
box body at u given position and connected with said
diaphragm at a second position eccentrically of tho dia¬
phragm , audit arm boing provided with ntyluo supporting
moans intermediate said positions, substantially as
do scribed .
4. In a device of the class described, tho com¬
bination of a diaphragm, o non-metallic stylus arm con¬
nected with said diaphragm at u position eccentrically
of tho diaphragm, and means ooueting with said arm at
a second position to s\ipport tho name, said arm being
providod with styluo supporting moans intermediate said
positions, substantially as described.
5. In a dovioo of the class described, tho com¬
bination of a diaphragm, a stylus arm having a yiolding
connection with said diaphragm at a position eccentrically,
of the diaphragm, and moans eoaoting with said arm at
a second position to support tho sai'.o, said arm being
providod with stylus supporting moans in to mod -into said
positions, substantially as doscribod.
6. In a dovioo of tho class described, tho com¬
bination of a diaphragm, a stylus arm connected with said
diaphragm at a position oocontrically of tho diaphragm,
and meanB ooaating with said arm at a second posit' on to
support the same, said arm being provided with stylus
supporting means intermediate said positions and sub¬
stantially opposite the conter of said diaphragm, sub-
stantially as dosoribod.
7. In n 'Sovieti of tho oIobb dosoribod, tho com¬
bination of a sound box body, a diaphragm mounted therein,
and n yielding stylus arm rigidly soourod to sold sound
box body at a given position and connected with oaid
diaphragm u.t a second position eooontrically of the dia¬
phragm , said arm being provided with stylus supporting
moans intermediate said positions and substantially
opposite the center of said diaphragm, substantially
as described.
V. K M i 3 K S
Some of tho rejected claims are thought not
to havo boen anticipated by tho roforencos of record,
but nn ontdroly now sot of claims is presented herewith
in ordor to more dourly define tho patontablo features
of applicant's invention. All of the claims as now
presented differentiate from tho roforencos by specifying
that the stylus arm is ecoontribally connected with tho
diaphragm and is provided with stylus supporting moans
intermediate the positions at which it is supported and
connected with tho diaphragm. With this construction
improved results havo boon obtained by the applicant in
the reduction of tho prominence of ob jootionablo high und
low notes und in the increase of tho loudnoss of the ro-
advantages oftho
production. For a statement of tho/oombinations sot
forth in tho claims, the Examiner's attention is diroctod
to pago 4 of tho specification.
Applicant has produced an improvod device not
discloaod or suggoaton by the roforonooa and rooonfiidcrtitio^
and allowance are accordingly reapootfully recreated.
Houpoctfully BUbnibtod,
THOMAiWw EDI 1301 J,
3v '
hia Attorney.
Oronge, Hew Joracy,
April /yj 1013 .
Dlv. .23- Boom.... 3-7-9
paper N^-ftej-;--
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . „
Srank L. Dyer,
...Orange ,..New~ Jars
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
-ThonaB -A».-3SfliBon,-BRPi-al-mua>50P-i514,-7S«,-fil-eA-MarQlt.-34j:l&ll=H -
U.S. PATENT OFFICE,
MAY 13.10?.; I
MAIL E D.
This aotion ia responsive to the amendment filed April 16,
1913 .
ClaimB 1 and ^Jl are rejected on Ohelt, English patent,
Jan. 29,1897, #2430,(181-10).
As it is shown old to oonneot the Btylus arm eccentrically
to the diaphragm in references of record as- for example,
Tainter, #341,288 Sr HiVbard, #802 ,212, & or Williams, no invention
is found in so connecting the stylus arm in any of the sound
hoxeB oited of record employing the type of arm illustrated
in Maodonald,#624 , 059 of record; also no invention is found in
substituting such type of arm as illustrated in Maodonald
in any of the first, group1 of references. Accordingly, olaims 1
and 2 are additionally rejected for such reasons.
Claim 3 is rejected on the references and reasons above
given. The flexible arm rigidly held at one end ftB shown .in
Tainter aB well as in other references of reoord as Randall.
Claim 4 is rejected on the references and reasons oited
against claim 1 . No invention is found in making the arm of
wood as suoh is shown in the references of record as Edison,
#962,081.
#61(5,756-
■2.
Claim 5 is rejected on the references and reasons of
rejection of claim 1. No invention is found in providing
the yielding connection with the diaphragm us such is shown
common in references of record as Tainter, above cited.
Claim 6 is rejected on Obelt, also on Tuinter or Hibbard,
it not being Been as patentably rauterial on which side of the
center of the diaphragm the arm is attached. The result
described by applicant would Been to be the same .
Claim 7 is rejected on the references and reasons last
given in view of the considerations fully set out above.
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 721 Phonographic Telegraphs
Serial#: 616757
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 3/22/1911
Applicant.
... •JltVVU&i . M- . .
Address.
Filed Thasvods Z -
Examiner’s Room No. . M..1 .
Assignee .
. Liber . Page . .
Ass’g’t Exec . Recorded .
Patent No.
Issued^>^ .
ACTIONS.
^Petition
tlje Commissioner of patents!:
gour petitionee thomas a. Edison
a citi?en of tlje ©niteb States, reSibing anb fjabing a $oSt ©ffice abbress at
Llewellyn Park , West Orange, Essex County, Hew Jersey
praps tfjat letters patent map be granteb to Ijim for tlje improbements in
- PHONOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPHS -
get fortlj in tlje annexeb Specification ; anb tjc ijerebp appoints Jfranb 3L ©per
(Registration J2o. 560), of ©range, if?eto JerSep, Ijis attornep, toitlj full
potoer of substitution anb reboeation, to prosecute tljis application, to mafee
alterations anb amenbments tijerein, to receibe tlje patent, anb to transact all
business in tlje patent ©fficc connected tfjeretoitfj.
SJ'BOIJIOATXOS,
! TO ALL WHOM XT MAY CONCER1T: |
! BE IT KNOWN, that X, THOMAS A. TO: SOM, a citizen j
j of the United States and s. resident of Llewellyn Park, |
! West Orange, in the County of Essex and State of Mew j
Jersey, have invented certain new and useful improvements I
i in PHONO "P APHI C TELEGBAPIS of which the following is a
j description:
MY invention relates to the transmission of j
messages to distant points, and has for its object the j
provision of an improved method and means whereby such
messagesmay be transmitted at a high speed,
MY invention is particularly applicable to
iltelegraph and similar systems where, because of the
ilimited speed at which an operator is able to receive the
message, the capacity of the line is restricted. Xn con¬
formity with my object, I provide means whereby a record
! of the message may be made at a high speed at the receiving
’ station, and then reproduced at any desired slower speed,
i In the particular embodiment of my invention shown and
j described herein, I transmit the message telegraphically
! to the distant station, where the electric pulsations
i transmitted along the line are transformed into mechanical
| pulsations, which latter are recorded. upon- a phonograph
record blank. With this construction, it is possible to
transmit the characters representing the message along the
i line and to record the same on the record "blank at ae
high a speed as 300 words per minute. . The resultant
: ! record may at any time he reproduced at a speed permitting
j ! the operator to easily understand the same.
In order that my invention may he better under¬
stood, attention is hereby directed to the accompanying
. drawing , forming a part of this specification, and showing
! a diagrammatic view of a telegraph system embodying my
! invention.
P.of orring t0 drawing, 1 represents the main
line which is supplied with current from a generator or any
other suitable source 2 and is grounded at the transmitting
and reoeiving ends, as at £ and 4 respectively. The
numeral jj represents a transmitter, comprising a metal
cylinder £ rotated by any suitable means (not shown) and
a oontaot brush £ adapted to engage the periphery of the
cylinder. As shown in the drawing, the current of the
main line is supplied to the cylinder 6 by a brush 8 en¬
gaging the shaft £ of the oylinder. A non-oonducting
tape 10 having perforations therein corresponding to the
oharaoters representing the message to be sent is fad
i over the oylinder 6 past the brush £; so that when the sai<.
brush engages the cylinder through the perforations in the
I tape, pulsations are thereby set up in the main line
corresponding to the message to be sent. Any other pre¬
ferred transmitter may he substituted for that shown and
described above.
The reoeiving instrument preferably employed »yr
rn/'f
we- comprises a diaphragm 11 secured to any suitable
support 12 and adapted to transform the electrical pul-
sations from the sending station into corresponding . j
mechanical pulsations or vibrations and to transmit them |j
to a stylus 13 whereby they are recorded upon a rotating \l
record cylinder of wax-like material 14. The stylus 13 j
is mounted in a lever li'pivoted to a floating weight 15 j
which is pivoted to the support 12, so that it is held in ;
engagement with the cylinder 14 with a substantially |
uniform pressure regardless of any unevenness or eccen- |
tricity in the surface of the cylinder. An electromagnet |
j 16 having a core 17 is placed in the main line circuit at j
the receiving station and is adapted to vibrate the dia- j
phragm 11 in accordance with the current pulsations in j
the said circuit. A permanent magnet 18 is secured to |
the core of the electromagnet and tends to hold the dia- |
phragm in its normal position. In order to sharpen the 1 |
record', 1 place a condenser 10 in the main line circuit !
! at the receiving end to prevent continuous leakage of j
currents from stressing the diaphragm of the receiving , j
| instrument . j
j: X have found that the sharpness of the record j
j is materially Increased by the provision of an ^auxiliary . j
I circuit 20 containing.a «Bn.t(ai and Y resistance 22 to j
I! regulate the current. This circuit, as shown, is con- |
\ nected with the main line circuit in advance of the gener- ;
j ator 8 and also beyond the transmitter. The resistance 22 j
| as shown preferably comprises two lamps connected in multi- i
j pie and placed in the auxiliary circuit; These lamps bal-
j anoe the current flowing through the coil 21 by taking up
| • more or less of the current according to the variations
| therein. The arrangement desorlbed above is such that
| when the am 7 is engaged with the cylinder 6, the current j
I having passed through the transmitter passes part to the
I main line and part to the auxiliary oirouit; so that
when the oirouit is broken by the transmitter, the reverse
current from the auxiliary circuit neutralizes the static
charge in the main oirouit, and the vibrations imparted
I to the diaphragm are sharp and distinct,
j In operating the apparatus described above, it
:| is possible to secure a clear and distinct record upon the
jj cylinder 14 even though the apparatus be worked at a_very
high speed; so that the line has a very high oapaoity.
|J After the record has been made, it may be reproduced at
jj any desired speed preferably by placing the record cylinder
| on an auxiliary phonograph (not shown) provided for that
(purpose.
It is to be understood that my invention is
not limited to the specific embodiment described above,
but that it includes all the modifications falling within
I the Bcope of the appended claims.
j Having now described my invention, what y claim
! as new and desire to secure hy Letters Patent of the
united States is as follows:
1. The method. oi'„ U'unuj.ii Uing miiLuai^a which con¬
sists ; in transmitting pulsation's or vi¬
brations^ ,to ^he reo4iving station ata/high speed, ^re- ^
cording the said puleations at the. receiving station, and
rhXi T^pf^uoJn^the same from t>ieAreoord
at ‘E^redu^ed speed, substantially as described.
iethod_of transmitting messages which con¬
sists in transmitting €
rctricalpulaations
receiving station at a high speed, transforming the
!i electrical int'o~-mechanlcal pulsations at the receiving
|j station, impressing orrecordingthe last named pul- 4
|l nations [upon a suit a Die blani, an| reproducing the same k
:| from the resultant record at aj/reducod speed, substantially
/ * ""
| as described.
!' 3- The method of At3?a^Attin^'Ai^lag»&/ which con-
1 slots in providing a strip with perforations corresponding
!! to the characters representin^the— me^sa^e- to be sent,
ij transmitting electrical pulsations corresponding to the
|| said perforations to the receiving station at a nigh
;! speed, transforming the electrical into mechanical pul-
i| sations ,„ recording the last named pul-
|| sations upon a-euitable bta*& -anS^pro^uolng the same
!i -from the resultant reoord at a,redUoed speed, subatantially|
, , , . V *■/■■■/, k
i| as described. 1 1
!| ' tli;
| X In a device of the class described, a circuit
ji containing a source of current supply, a transmitter, a
|! phonographic receiver, and means located in proximity to
j said rece^wr for preventing leakage of current thereto
when the circuit is broken by said transmitter, sub-
|| stant ially asVescribed .
jj 5. In a device of the class described, a circuit
j| containing a sour\n of current supply, and a transmitter, a!
j phonographic receiver, and a condenser, the said condenser
j being located in saiXcircuit intermediate said transmittei
j and receiver and in pr^imity to said receiver, substantial,
j ly as described.
«5W
In a aevloe of the olass aesoribod, a main
I oirouitYoontaining a souroo of our rent supply, a trans¬
mitter a\a a phonographio receiver, ana an auxiliary
oirouit pYovidea with inauotive rooietanoe oonneotea
with saia main oirouit and adapted. to neutralize the
statio oharae in the main oirouit when tho latter is
|| broten by th^ transmitter, substantially as aosoribea.
aovioe of the 'olass described, a oirouit
containing a sohroe of ourrent supply, a transmitter ana
a phonographio rYoeiver ana a magnet shuntea about Baia
souroe of ourrent\supply ana saia transmitter, substan¬
tially as describee.
device of the olass aesoribea, a oirouit
containing a souroe <M ourrent supply, a transmitter, a
phonographio receiver \and a oonaenser, tho saia oon-
aenser being looatefl inVsnid oirouit intermoaiate saia
transmitter and reoeiver\ and a magnet shunted about said
souroe cf ourrent supply and 3aid transmitter, substan¬
tially as dosorlbed.
Hijis Specification signeb anb toitnesseb tijis <2 2 '7*^aj> of
©HitneSSctij:
.
2rAl^
0atb.
g>tatc of i?cUo fcrScp j gg
Countp of (Essex )
Tuoj.fAS a . -Edison , tijc abobc nameb
petitioner, being buhj Stoorn, bcpoSeS anb SapS tijat Ije is a citizen of tije Unitcb
States, anb a rcsibent Of Liev/ellyn Paik , V/oet Orange, Essex county,
New Jersey.
tijat ije beriljj beliebcs ijinisclf to be tijc original, first anb sole inbentor of tije
improbentents in phohogbaphio teleohaphs
bcscribeb anb claimeb in tije annexeb specification ; tijat ije bocs not Imoto anb
boes not beliebe tijat tije same toas eber fenoton or useb before ijis inbention or
biscobcrp thereof ; or patenteb or bcscribeb in anp printeb publication in tijc
fHniteb States of America or anp foreign countrp before ijis inbention or
biscoberp thereof, or more tijan ttoo pears prior to tijis application; or patenteb
in anp countrp foreign to tijc ®niteb States on an application fileb more tijan
ttoelbe montijS prior to tijis application; or in public use or on sale in tije
®nitcb states for more tijan ttoo pears prior to tijis application; anb tijat no
application for patent upon Saib inbention fjas been fileb bp ijiin or ijis legal
repreSentatibcS or assigns in anp foreign countrp.
_ l7 iLrvu^o _
g)toorn to anb SubScribeb before me tijis -2-27%ap I9\l
35otarp public.
[H>eal]
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON May 29, 1911.
Thomas A. Udlson,
=/0 p- L‘ tyor’
Orunge, How Jersey. 1
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of your application.
S. Ho. 616,757, filed Mar. 24, 1911, Phonograph! o Telegraphs
A
l
This implication has been examined.
Claims 1 and 2 are rejected on patont to Kumberg,
636,209, Oct. 31, 1099, 179 - 6.
Claims 3, 4 and 5 are rejected on patent to Tuylor,
289,173, Hov. 27, 1883, 178 - Automatic, In view of
Kumborg. It Is considered no invention to use the phono¬
graphic receiver of Kunberp in the holographic system of
Taylor.
Cli’imB 6, 7 and 8 are rejected on patents to Taylor
and Kumborg, cited, in view of Kdioon, 147,313, i’eb. 10,
k874, 178 - Automatic. In this patent to Edison It is seen
to be old to place inductance and rosi stance In shunt around
the transmitter.
IN THE united states patent office
Thomas A. Edison
PHONOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPHS
Filed March 24, 1911
Serial No. 616,757
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER
SIR:
In response to the Office action of
May 29, 1911, please amend the above entitled oase as fol¬
io vra : -
Page 3, line 23, after "containing" insert - a
source of inductance, suoh as - .
Claim Inline 2, erase "corresponding"; and in
line 3, before "to" insert - corresponding to the charac¬
ters of the messages - .
Claim 2, line 2, erase "corresponding"; and
after "pulsations" insert - corresponding to the characters
of the messages - .
Canoel Claims 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.
Add the following olaim:- .
The method of^.U'cmumit ling Haaaagcs , whioh oon-
Isists in transmitting eleotrioal pulsations corresponding
to the oharaatorB^lTttee^essages to receiving station
at a high speed, transforming the eleotrioal pulsations into
meohanioal pulsations at the receiving station^reaording/ ^
the last named pulsations ‘upcn-a-s»4table--phonographr-reeo-rd
blent, a'ndjjwililily "ropro du o i ng the same from the resultant
record at ,s^r^1foe4 %feed, substantially as described.
Room No. 109.
(1)
REMARKS
Hone of the references disoloses the method of
transmitting messages whioh oonsists in transmitting puls¬
ations corresponding to the oharaoters of the messages, to
s ' / A . .
jj the receiving station at a high speed, .recording the puls-
ations at the reooiving station, and reproducing the same
j] from the resultant record at a reduced speed. This method
forms the basis of the subject matter of all the olaims as
i| now presented. The Kumberg patent is the only reference
ji in whioh the idea of transmitting pulsations to a receiving
{station, recording suoh pulsations, and reproducing the same
| from the reoord is revealed. Kumberg, however, fails to •
| disclose the idea of sending the messages at a high speed
| and reproducing them at a reduoed speed, and as a matter of
jj fact , Kumberg* s device would be inoperative if the reoord
| were reproduced at a substantially reduoed speed, because,
lias disclosed, it is adapted for telephonic use only, and
in order that the sounds shall be distinguishable upon re-
1 production, the phonograph reoord must be driven at a speed
ij corresponding to that at whioh the reoord was made. Kum¬
berg merely disoloses a method of reoording the message
| transmitted and reproducing the same as sent , i. e., repro¬
ducing corresponding Bounds at the same speed. Applicant*
method was devised in order that the oapaolty of the trans¬
mitting line may be increased, while at the same time the
messages may be reproduced at the receiving end at suoh a
rate as to be distinguishable by the operator. In the use
for whioh applicant's method is especially adapted, viz.,
telegraphy, it is not neoessary that the pulsations repro-
! duoed be of the same duration as those transmitted, but
only that the same ratios between the successive pulsations
transmitted and the corresponding reproduced pulsations be
maintained. In both the Edison and Taylor references- a
record is made of the pulsations at the receiving station,
but thore is no reproduction of suoh reoord. The only way
in which to decipher, these records is by reading, which is
slow and tedious.
For the above reasons allowance of the olainiB
| is solicited.
j Kespeotfully submitted,
i| THOMAS A. EDISON
j By. XSLvr&i'. -
!j His Attorney
\
Orange, How Jersey
May 3 * 1912.
\ DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
V UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
Thomas A. Kdison,
O/o P. L. Dyer,
Orange, H. J«
Please fin, l below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of your application.
g. uo, 616,757, filed 5Iar. 84, 1911, Phonographic Telegraphs.
Commu«o»6r of Patents.
This action is in response to amendment filed Hay
4, 1912.
Claims 1, £ and 4 are rejected on the patent to
Kumberp, of record, and claim 2 is rojeoted on patent
to Taylor, of record. In view of patent to Kumbarp.
It is of common knowledge that a phonograph may. rer j
cord at one speed and repro duo another speed,
and in the patent to Jones, 766, 1P9, Aug. 8, 1904,
170 - Automatic, d, it should be noted that the
method is old to record at a very high speed and re¬
produce at a lower speed. In this reperd attention
is called to linos 31 to 43, Inclusive, pape 1 of
this patent to Jones.
Claim 4 is olso rejected as an improper method
because of the apparatus limitation, namely, phono¬
graph record blank.
IH THE UNITED STATES PATENT OPPICE
I Thomas A. Edison
PHONOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPHS
Piled March 24, 1911
Serial No. 616,757
ij HONORABLE commissioner op patents,
SIR:
I In response to the Office action of.
I June 17, 1912, please amend the above entitled case as
|| follows
\ Claim 1. line 3. before "re-" insert - phonograph- :
' ll ioally - • Line 5, before "reproducing" insert - phono- j
j graphically - , and before "record" Insert - resultant - • i
Lines 5 and 6, cancel "by operating the record". Line 6,
before "reduoed" insort - greatly - .
Cano el claim 2.
Claim 3, line 7, cancel "impressing or" and insert -
phonographioally - . line 8. -cancel "upon a suitable blanh .
Same line, before "reproducing" insert - phonographioally - ,
Line 9, before "reduoed" insert - greatly - • i
Claim 4, line 5, before "recording" insert -
• phonographioally - . Lines 6 and 7, cancel "upon a suitable
i phonograph record blank". Line 7, cancel "audibly" and
j insert - phonographioally - - / line 8, before "reduoed"
• jl insert - greatly - .
I Renumber olaims 3 and 4 as 2 and 3.
(1)
B E M A R K S
In the decision rendered in Carnegie Steel Co.,
ltd. vb. Cambria Iron Company, 99 0. G. 1866; 1908 0. D.,
598, it is stated that in order to anticipate a prooess it
| is neoessary not only to show that the devioe dieolosed in
I the patent oited might have boon used to oarry out the pro-
! oess, but that such use was oontemplated. Kumberg of reo-
| ord aooordingly does not anticipate the olaims as he oer-
jj tainly did not contemplate transmitting pulsations oorres-
ji ponding to the characters of the messages to the receiving
ji station at a hir:h sneed and reproduoing the samo from the
| resultant reoord at a great ly reduced sneed. Moreover, the
j! apparatus disclosed in this patent could not be suooessfully
used to oarry out applicant's prooess as defined in the
olaims, as this apparatus is adapted for telephonio use only,
1 and it is neoessary, in order that the sounds reproduced from
the reoord made by this apparatus may bo distinguishable, to
to drive the reoord at a speed corresponding to that at whioh
the reoord was made.
Taylor of reoord fails to disclose the step of
reproduoing the reoord made at the receiving station. Both
Taylor and Jones fail to disclose the steps of phonograph! -
j oally recording the pulsations at the reoeiving station and
phonograph! a ally reproduoing the same from the resultant
reoord at a greatly reduced speed.
For the above reasons, further consideration and
allowanoe of the olaims as now presented are requested.
IRcspeotfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISON
By . <~?£. _ I
Orange, Hew Jersey Sis Attorney
May 83rd, 1913
WH-JS
Dlv.-jcyx. Room-109.. C.N.D. 2-200 _ Paper No. -6- - ^
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . Aufuat..8a^.l9.ia*.
. Mr.. .I*. ...Lt... Dyer. , .
. .Qranga.,..Haw.,.fersey..
Please find below a communication from the EX AMI HER in aharge of the application of
. IhoBiaB-A.-iSdleon.,— 6X6.,-7-57.,—fiXeA-ilaro.h-54., -1911, -for .
ThiB aotion is in response to amendment of May
24, 1913.
Claims 1 and 3 are rejected on the patent to humborg
pf reoprd, and claim 2 is rejected on the patent to Kumberg
in view of patent to faylor of record.
It is of common) knowledge aB stated that a phono- '
graph may be operated at any speed desired and the recording
at one speed in the patent to Kumberg and reproducing at
another Bpeed oan not be considered an invention. In telegra¬
phy by the use of a perforated tape jit is very common to
record at a high speed and reproduce at a lower speed as
shown in the patent to Jones cited, showing the prinoiple
to be old.
Ill SHE TOUTED STATES PATENT 0 IT ICE,
THOMAS A, EDISON,
PE HO GRAPHIC TELEGRAPHS,
Piled March 24, 1911,
Serial Ho. 616,767*
^2
HOBORABLE COMMISSIONER OE PATENTS,
R I K:
In response to the Office action off August
28, 1913, please amend the above entitled oasejis follows:
Page 2, lines 28 and 29, cancel "by me".
Claims \ , 2 and 3, lino 1, cancel "transmitt-
; messages" and insort - rapid telegraphy - .
Claim 1, line 3, cancel the matter inserted
by the amendment of May 4, 191?. before the word "to" and ,
insert in plaoo thereof -
messages -
to the oharaoters
i me an ago r
Claim 2, line 3, cancel "the message" and
s '
insert .. a message or messages - ■ •
Claim 3, line 3, cancel "the" second occnrrencjf
and Insert - a message or - •
REMARKS
Applloant has oonceived a new method of rapid
telegraphy embodying a now combination of steps Hot
disclosed in or suggested by any of the references of reoord.
So far as applloant is aware, never .previous to his invention,
have messages been phonographioally recorded at the
receiving station of a telegraph system. Knmberg absolute¬
ly fails to disclose applicant's invention, the apparatus
disclosed in his patent comprising a telephone system com¬
bined with phonographic apparatus to reoord speech at
other
either end of the line and to transmit such o^reoorded
1
epeooh from one end of the line to the other - it being
essential in Kumberg's apparatus, in order to seoure satis¬
factory results ,thot the phonographic) record be reproduced
at the some speed at whioh it tob recorded* As has been
set forth in the remarks accompanying previous amendments,
the reproduction of the phonograph record or reoords em¬
ployed in Knmber.'s device at a substantially different
speed from the Speed of recording thereof would render
Kumberg's device inoperative for the purposes for which it
was intended and designed.
Beferring to the rejection of claim 2 on
Kwh erg in view of Taylor, it is submitted that it is not
at all obvious how the devices disclosed in these patents
could he combined so as to produce apparatus capable of
carrying out the method described in this claim, but that
such a combination would involve invention. !
The patent to Jones appears to be the only |
reference of reoord disclosing a method of rapid telegraphy
in which the messages are transmitted and recorded at a
high speed and then audibly reproduced at a lower speed.
Jones, howover, found it necessary to employ a very com¬
plicated and expensive apparatus to carry out this method
and did not contemplate the recording of the messages
phonographically and the phonographio reproduction of the
1 resultant record. Applicant, by his improved method is
enabled by a comparatively simple and inexpensive apparatus
to obtain a record of very rapidly transmitted messages
whioh do not need to be deciphered but which may be audibly
reproduced in suoh a manner as to be rendered intelligible
to a listener.
2
For the above reasons, further consideration
find allowance of the claims are requested.
Respectfully submitted,
i’HOMAS A. ERISOil,
Orange, H ev; Jersey his Attorney.
July -2 7. 1914.
WAH-XGE
arra.
Dlv.—lfi— Room -109 -
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . dep.t....El,..1914,
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
. .Thama..i....-Kdisa^r.. Sr. ^6*616-,
. Shomgxnph do.. -Telegraphs.. .
- - - -
: In response to amendment of July 80, 1914.
In the potent to Jones of record or in tho patent to
Sfelng #578 ; 126, .March 2, 1897, (178-3) it is old ae shown to
transmit rapidly, record at this high speed and then reproduce
nt a elpwer speed. Therefore the broad method claimed by
applicant is not novel. The speoiflo method of transmitting
intelligence by rapid impulses, rapidly recording them on a
, phonograph and reproducing them more slowly iB but a ohango in
, the spool fio type of recorder rather than a ohange of the method
V itself. It is sb applicant is well aware, extremely common to
run a phonograph ’rapidly or slowly, Juab as desired. The
phonograph, then, 1b w$11’ understood, as a receiver of a type
whioh oan be used in the method practiced by JoneB or.: ffeiny,
and its substitution ie believed to be obvious.
Attention 1b called to the patent to Gibboney, 463,188,
Hov. 17, 1891, (179-6), as a father example of the type of
phonograph reoeiver oapabie aB described in "the patent- Of re¬
cording at one Bpeed and reproducing at a different speed.
(In this case faster). It is beliaye.d plain Gibboney’ b phono¬
graph reoeiver oould without invention be substituted for that
of Jones or ffeiny. looked at in another way the reoordds of
Gibboney oouli-’be: without invention made toireoord the impulses'
616,767 - 8.
•j?rom the i’aylor transmitter.
Jfor the above reasons the claims are again rejeoted.
iSxsminor, Div. 16.
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OEPIOE
Thomas A. Edison
PHONOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPHS
Piled Maroh 24, 1911
Serial No. 616,75V
Room No. 109.
HONORABLE CCKMIS3I0NER OP PATENTS,
SIR:
I
!
ThiB letter is responsive to the Office
aotion of September 21, 1914.
It is thought that claims 1, 2 and S should he
allowed in their present form. It is submitted that
applicant has deviBed a new method of rapid telegraphy in¬
volving the steps of phonographioally recording mdssagos
transmitted to a receiving Btation at a high speed and then
phonographioally reproducing the same at a greatly reduced
speed. None of the references cited disoloses the speoifio
method consisting of the combination of steps described in
the olaims. It is thought that the use of the phonograph
receiver of Gibboney No. 463,188 in place of the receiver
or reoorder in the systems of Taylor, Jones or Weiny, in
making a phonographic reoord of messages transmitted at a
high speed and the reproduction of such messages from the
resultant reoord at a greatly reduced speed is not an obvious
thing to do, but involves a change in the method of Taylor,
Jones and ffeiny necessitating the exercise of invention.
The advantages resulting from the new combinations of steps
described in the olaims are oloarly set forth in the spooi-
(X)
I fioation and in the remarks aooompaaying previous amendments,
I me steps of phono graphically recording the mess¬
ages transmitted to a receiving station at a high speed and
phonographioally reproducing such messages from the result¬
ant reoord at a greatly reduood speed, which steps are in-
| eluded in each of the claims now presented, introduces into
; the hroad method disclosed by Taylor, Jones and Weiny a
different idea of means. Consequently, the method claimed
: herein is a new method and a now invention. In this oon-
: nootion the Esarainor's atfcontion is directed to page 253,
; vol, 1 of Robinson on patents, whore it is stated in offeot
’ that any variation in the number or character of the stops
j of a method which introduces a different idea of moans con-
! stitutos a new art and a new invention.
| A useful result is attained by applicant's pro-
: oess, and as the art cited does not disclose the said pro-
1 cass> reconsideration and allowance are respectfully re-
i! quested.
1 Rospeotfully submitted.
| raiffiUF. A. EDI SOI!
By
j Orange, H. J. Eis attorney
j September ^ , 1916
Y/H-JS
f i i i
I i,. vE I I
2-260
Paper No . 2-0-
Waihlnglon, D, C„"
*'.u.
application should five the serial number,
date ol flllnf , title of Invention, and
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . Ont ^.12X..1‘J1.5.
■hr. i'. I.. Pyo r . .
O ran ye , How JorHfly
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in ohurge of the application of
. T. A. Ildi non . 1. Ilo. 016,767. mod Mar. IV. I1.):!]. . .
I’honojvnphi u TolojamjjihB^ . .
Qjmmiftioner of Patents. <f
Thin action Is In roanonno to corn'cnicM t i on
'Tiod ''ert, in, 1015.
Tho entente to Honors, '177 , ;!fi r.) , lay P, 1 PP3 ,
end 363,06,5, All". 33, 1PP3, 176 - 13, end also that
to Ponl Run, 673,063, "co. HP1, 3 307 , ( onpooinlly
] 1 nos 13-16, pr<‘ro .11, IP! - 1, urn ,rs da of record.
Those patents shov. it Is old to transmit a telo-
crrunhic codn moBpa^o over a lino, phonorraphi cal 1 y
record such mam <re, end thereby reproduce tho m«-
niifTO. Tho only point in applicant's nlalwr, over
thlr state o<* the art, Hee in the rnpid trnnemio-
aion and reoordir.fr, and tho olowor reproduction, tho
purpoeo of which in to r.nvo time In the mie of tho
tranmni anion line. Plnoe Jones, Tn.vlor and '.Vein?
dletsl oso, whnt applicant 1c well a worn of, that It
hnn lonr boon customary to utilise n trunsniBclon line
to an inovoauod dopreo by rs.pl dly transmit tin? and
rocordinr the mosaapoS nnd then, fun stated in linen
31 to 36, pa fro 1, of the Jonop patent), at the ro-
eelvlnr ond of tho line reprodnoi np the recorded
ID THE UNITED STATES PATENT OPPIOE
Thomas A. Edison
PHONOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPHS
Piled March 24, 1911
Serial Ho. 616,757
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OP PATENTS,
SIR:
This letter is responsive to the Offio
action of October 12, 1915.
The rejection of the olaims on the references
oitod in the last Office aotion is belie vod to be unwarrant¬
ed. These references fail to disclose the principal steps
of applicant's method which are set forth in each of the
olaims, namely, the steps of phono graphically recording
at a high speed messages transmitted to a station and then
messages from a resultant
Moreover, it is sub¬
mitted that in view of the patents to Jones, Taylor and
Wo ins, none of which diaolosos the idea of phono graphic ally
recording messages and then phono graphically reproducing
such messages, and each of whioh involves the employment of
moans altogether different in character from the means em¬
ployed by Rogers and Poulsen, it would not be an obvious
thing to employ the systems of Rogers and Pulsen to carry
out applicant's method. Phonographs are usually operated
at the same speed, both in recording and in reproducing,
Room No. 109.
;£r,„.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON .
F. 3.. Dyer. .
. OrunjrejL..K..„„J..
£ JUN 12 1J;J
find below a, communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
I. a . Hdison, S . Ho. C.16.7B7. filed 'iir. P. 4,._ 3.9 3.1, .
P ho no pr up h 1 c Tel ^ gr aph b_.
This action Is In response to argument filed
May SI, 192G .
The claims are amain rejected upon the refer¬
ences and for the reasons of record.
The examiner has fully reviewed the art and
its relation to the claims and el so applicant's
arguments. It is thought there is nothin'* patent¬
able disclosed in the application* Strictly, ap¬
plicant does not phonomranhl pally record the measure,
os there Is nothin? phonopruphi o about the trans¬
mission end recording of electric impulses produced
by a make and break devioe and recorded by a magnet.
The record made is not a sound reoord at all, altho,
when associated with different meohanisms, it may
be used to produce sound.
The case has been ponding over fivo years and
has boon many times considered. This rojeotlon is,
xn THK UNITED STATES PATENT .OFFICE
I Thomas A. EiUson
PHONO OhAHlIC TELE Oh*! H3
piled March 24, 1911
Serial No. 616,757
HONORABLE OOKiaSSIOKEP OF PATENTS,
SIR:
j X hereby constitute and appoint DYER
L HOLDEN (Registration Ko . "244), a firm composed of Frank 1
j Dyer aftd Delos Holcten, whore address is Edison Office Build-
iling, Orange, New Jersey, as my associates in the prosecution
I of the above entitled application, and request that all
correspondence be addressed to then until further notice.
Respectfully,
" 7*
Orange , N . J .
January /V , 1917.
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 722 Talking Machines (Case A)
Serial#: 617674
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 3/28/1 91 1
Folio No.,7. «2....2«£ .
Serial No .Ll.J.. . kljJ*
Applicant.
C7 '£strvi^t*so $ i^-
.^i4fe*<fe!<a . (!h30t!sJLka%S^ . l^fafcfe-AjL .
Filed *.?, /#//.• Examiner’s Room No.
Assignee .
Ass’g’t Exec . Recorded . Liber . Page
Patent No. . Issued . .
ACTIONS.
I 0L-ffrU> 'iCu&s) . 10
o O^i/isc/ . 17
FRANK L. DYER,
Counsel,
Orange, New Jersey.
petition
(Eo the Commissioner of patents :
gour Petitioner thohas a. 10)18011,
a citizen of tije Unitcb States!, resibing anb Ijabing a Post ©ffice abbress at
Llewellyn Park, 'Jest Orange, "Essex County, Hew jersey,
praps that letters patent map be grantcb to fjim for tlje improbements in
-TALKING TIACIINEG-
set fortlj in the annexeb specification ; anb fjc fjercbp appoints Jfranb X. ©per
(Registration i2o. 560), of ©range, iitetu ferSep, Ijis attornep, tuitf) full
potoer of Substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tfjis application, to nrabe
alterations anb amenbments therein, to receibe the patent, anb to transact all
business in the Patent ©ffice connected therebaitfj.
(j
\ SPECIFICATION.
| TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: '
i BE IT KNOWN, that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a j
| citizen of the United States and a resident of Llewellyn j
i park, WeBt Orange, in the County of Essex and State of ,
;j uew Jersey, have invented certain new and useful improve- j
| ments in TALKING MACHINES, of which the following is a j
| description:
\ )j(y invention relates to talking machines and
jj more particularly to an improved method and means for
(I recording composite sound productions such as are pro-
jj duced, for example, by a singer and acconpanist.
j It has heretofore been the practice to record
jj only the resultant sound produced by the combination of j
| the sounds from the various sources of the composite pro- J
! auction. This method is objectionable in that the super- ,
position of the undulations corresponding to the sounds j
from each source produces a very irregular record im¬
pression which it is difficult to accurately trace with
!a reproducing stylus; so that when such a record is
reproduced, the distinctness of the individual parts of
the coiqpoBite sound production is necessarily more or less
! destroyed so as to render it impossible to give desired
|J prominence and distinctness to any particular part, for
j example, that of the singer.
My invention has for itB principal object, the
I provision of a method and means for overcoming this ob-
"1<
ject.lon, In conformity with this objoot, I record the
part or parts to which I desire to give moat prominenoe
separately from the rest of the production and in such a
v/ay that the various parts may he simultaneously reproduced
in perfect synchronism. In carrying out this method, the
record may be made upon a single blank as in the preferred
embodiment of my invention disclosed in this application
i or upon separate synchronously rotated blanks as in the
embodiment of ay invention disclosed in my companion
VmW Ao .<&//. it 7i "•••/.
application entitled Talking Machines , and filed on even
date herewith* or in any other suitable way. In addition
I to my improved method of recording sound, my invention
i comprises simple and efficient means for carrying the same
; into effect and also a new form of record resulting there-
I from. Other objects of my invention will appear more
fully in the following specification and appended claims:
In order that my invention may be more fully
understood, attention is hereby directed to the accompany- i
ing drawings forming a part of this specification and in I
1 which, -
Figure 1 represents a plan view partly in section j
of a preferred type of recording means used in carrying
p out my invention;
|j Figure 2 represents a front elevation of the
j| device shown in Figure 1, part of said device being shown
I in section taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1; and
Figure 3 represents a plan view of a preferred
!| type of reproducing means. In all of the views, like
jj parts are designated by the same reference numerals,
l! pef erring to Figures 1 and 2, the numerals
11 and 2 represent two adjacent rooms or compartments
,,2"
separated by a wall 3 having mounted therein a window 4
permitting viBion from one compartment to the otjier.
The numerals 3 and 6 represent the aide walls and the
| numeral 7 the top wall of the compartments. Supported
in any suitable way in the compartment 2 as by a bracket
8 is a sound recording machine 9 of any suitable type. j
! The bracket 3, as shown, is provided with a flange 10 j
| secured by rivets or other fastening moans 11 to the J
wall 3. The machine 9 is provided with a vertical shaft j
IS rotated by a motor in a cabinet 13. This shaft has j
secured thereto at its upper end, a table 14 for support- ;
ji ing a sound record or blank 15. j
j! por recording upon the blank 15 the sounds from ,
j the various compartments, a plurality of recorders 16 j
I1 are provided, each of these recorders being mounted in a |
j traveling carriage 17 which is pivotally and slidably j
j mounted at one end upon a horizontal rod 18 supported in j
I 'brackets 19 on the base of the machine 9. The opposite
j elld of each carriage 17 is slidably supported upon a
j straight edge 20 projecting vertically upwards from the
! base of the machine 9. -Each carriage 17 has secured
I thereto a spring arm 21 supporting at its free end, a feed
nut 22 adapted to mesh with a rotatable feed screw 23
which is supported by pivots 34 in the brackets 19 . In
the embodiment of the invention shown, the threads on
opposite sides of the centre of the feed aorow 23 are
turned in opposite directions so that the carriages 17
and reproducers 16 are fed in opposite direction on the
record blank 15. *or driving the feed screw 33 from the
shaft 12. I Provid8 a 9haft & haVinS Se°Ured
w3'
at its opposite ends a bevel gear 26 and a spiral gear 27
adapted to respectively engage the bevel gear 28 on a
shaft 12 and the spiral gear 29 on the feed screw 23.
The shaft 25 is mounted in bearings 29.’ on the base of
the machine £.
Bach reproducer has connected thereto a sound
conveyor 30, one of which is looated entirely in the
compartment containing the machine £ while the other !
extends through the partition wall 3 into the compartment
1. in order to produce a close connection between the
last named sound conveyor and the partition wall, the
latter is provided with a number of metallic flanges 3^1
having curved ends 32 forming a substantially spherical
socket. The sound conveyor extending through the said j
wall has secured on its outer surface by friction or j
otherwise, an annulus 33 having a spherical outer surface j
adapted to fit closely in the socket formed by the members j
31. With the construction described above, the sound
conveyor extending through the wall has a free universal ,
movement and at the same time a close connection is ob¬
tained between the said conveyor and said wall, so that
the various compartments remain substantially sound tight.
In using the apparatus described above, in carry¬
ing out my invention, the singer or other source to which
is desired to give most prominence is placed facing the
exit of one of the sound conveyors, and the orchestra or
other sources of sound is placed in front of the exit of
the other sound conveyor. The record blank W having j
been placed upon the table or support 14 and the motor j
in the oasing 13 having been set in operation, a director j
gives a signal through the window 4_ for bringing the two
souroes of sound into time with each other. The rooms or
compartments 1 and 3 being practically sound tight, the
sounds from the various sources are independently recorded
upon the blank 15. In the arrangement shown in Figure 1
the recorders 1(5 are so placed that the spiral record
impressions made thereby are located on the record blank
with their convolutions alternating with each other, but
evidently many other arrangements may be U3ed. when it
is desired to reproduce the original production, the
record made by the method indicated above is placed upon
i the turn table 34 (see Fig. 3) of a sound reproducing
j machine 3£ of any preferred type. The reproducers 36
having been placed at the starting points of the various
record impressions as indicated in Figure 3, the record
when set into rotation produces in the reproducers 36
| sound vibrations which are given forth through to the
pivoted sound conveying arms 37 and the fixed amplifying
horns 38 in perfect synchronism. As the regularity of
|| the undulations corresponding to the sound from the princi-
Ij
jj pal source, for instance, that of the singer, is not de¬
stroyed by the superposition of the undulRtions corres¬
ponding to the sound from the other source or sources,
the first named sound can be reproduced writh a high degree
of distinctness. In addition to this advantage, the use
of separate record grooves and reproducers greatly in¬
creases the volume of the sound given forth,
j While I have described the preferred embodiment
of my invention, many changes may be made in the specific
| structure described and shown without departing from the
ii 5 ii
spirit’- of my invention and I do not, therefore, v/ish to
he limited to this disclosure,
What x claim as now and desire to secure by
letters Patent of the United States is as follows;
%f,v,
A record for composite sound productions having
plurkuty of record impressions each representing a part
of the (composite production, the said impressions being
arranged \o simultaneously set into vibration synchronous
sound wave a for producing the composite production,
substantially as set forth.
record for composite sound productions having
a plurality of Yoncentric spiral record impressions each
representing a part of the composite production, the said
impressions being Vr ranged to simultaneously set into
vibration synchronous sound waves for producing the com¬
posite production, substantially as set forth.
The method of recording composite sound pro-
I auctions which consists in producing independent meohanioal
vibrations corresponding to the sound from each of several
\ -“7 -'V- /
sources and synchrobcm3ly impressing these vibrations^
in a suitable ^record material, substantially as set forth.
The method of reoordih^ composite sound pro¬
ductions which consists in proiHicin&sindependent mechanical
vibrations corresponding to the sound irom each of several
Bounces in a plurality /of spaced recording styluses , and
//>/'» ■ \
feeding suitable -i»wte»4abie record material synchronously
past the said styluses, bo as to impress these vibrations
in separate^paths in the record material, substantially as
" 6 1
The method of recording composite sound pro-
duc t i cns'^hioir^enalsts In producing independent mechan¬
ical vibrations oorr^Stt^the sound from each of
several sources and synchronously l^^sing these vi-
hrati/ons/'tn/a ‘ ro tating" record "blank , sub stant daily as ^
set forth.
), r
$. The method of recording composite Bound
productions which consists in producing independent
mechanical vibrations corresponding to the sound from
-sach of several sources and synchronously lmpre^sing^
these vibrations, in concentric spiral paths having
alternately arranged convolutions in-a-rotati-ng -record
\
bination of a a
device of the olasB described, the com¬
mon of a rotatable record support, and a plurality
of soundboxes provided with independent sound conveyors
and adapted to be moved synchronously over the face of
the record, support , substantially as set forth.
8. l\a device of the class described, the com¬
bination of \ rotatable record support, and a plurality
of recorders ^ovided with independent sound conveyors,
and means for Reducing a synchronous feeding movement
between said reorders and said support, substantially
as set forth. \
9. In a device of the class described, the com¬
bination of a plurality of sound tight compartments,
a rotatable record support in one of said compartments,
1171
IsAund oonveyors 'eaoh having an enlarged open portion
lolated in one of the compartments and a reoorder connec¬
ted with each sound conveyor, all of said recorders being
adapted to move synchronously over the faoe of the record
| support, substantially as set forth.
iO. In a device of the class described, the com¬
bination of a plurality of sound tight compartments,
a rotaJable record support in one of said compartments, |
sound cinveyors, each having an enlarged open portion
located An one of the compartments and a recorder connected
with eacA sound conveyor, and means for feeding said re¬
corders synchronously across the record support, sub-
| stantially\as set forth.
11. In a device of the class described, the com¬
bination of k plurality of sound oompartments having a
partition walV therebetween, a xo tatable record support
in one of said compartments, a sound conveyor extending
through said partition wall, means permitting lateral
movement of said conveyor for producing a closed connec¬
tion between said wall and conveyor, and a reoorder con-
nected with said\ sound conveyor and movable transversely
|l and vertically oAthe face of said record support, sub-
Iutantially as sot forth..
12. In a device of the class described, the com¬
bination of a plurality of sound compartments having a
partition wall therebetween, a rotatable record support
in one of said compliments, a sound conveyor extending
through said partitiXWall, means permitting universal
I
movement* of said conveyor for producing a closed connection
betlen said wall and conveyor, and a recorder connected
witAaid sound conveyor and movable transversely and
|| vertically of the face of said record support, substan-
j tially Vs set forth.
ISA In a device of the class described, the
combination of a plurality of sound compartments having
partition wall therebetween, a rotatable record support
one of said compartments, a sound conveyor extending
through sairl partition wall, means permitting lateral
movement of laid conveyor for producing a closed connection
between said Vail and conveyor, a recorder connected with
said sound coAveyor, a separate sound conveyor located
entirely in th\ compartment containing said record sup¬
port, a recorder connected with said last named sound
conveyor, and meVns for feeding said recorders simul¬
taneously across Vhe record support, substantially f
set forth.
14. In a device of the class described, the
combination of a plurality of sound compartments having
a partition wall therebetween, a rotatable record support
in one of said compartments, a sound conveyor extending
through said partition V/all , mbans permitting universal
movement of said conveyW for producing a closed connection
between said wall and coVveyor, a recorder connected with
said sound conveyor, a separate sound conveyor located
entirely in the compartment containing said record sup¬
port, a recorder oonneoted\with said last named sound
conveyor, and means for feeling said recorders simultan¬
eously across the record support, substantially as set
forth.
tEijis specification signeb anb tuitneSSeb bap 191'
2. JW . tf? .
©atb.
H>tnte of i5cUi JcrScp
Couutp of (Essex j
THOMAS A , EDIROiT , tljC abobe liatlTCb
petitioner, being bultj Sbtorn, beposes mib Saps* tljat Ije is a citizen of tlje Uniteb
States, anb a vesibent Of Llewellyn park, West Orange, Essex County,
He-ff jersey,
tfjat Ije tocrily belicbes fjimself to be tfje original, first anb Sole inbentor of tlje
inrprobentents in talking machines
beScribeb anb claitneb in tlje annexeb specification ; tljat Ije boes not bnoln anb
boes not beliebe tljat tlje Same bias eber fenobm or nSeb before Ijis inbention or
biscoberp tljcreof; or patenteb or beScribeb in anp printeb publication in tlje
Uniteb states of America or anp foreign countrp before Ijis inbention or
biscoberp tljcreof, or more tljan tbio pears prior to tljis application; or patenteb
in anp countrp foreign to tlje fHnitcb states on an application fileb more tljan
ttoelbe montljS prior to tljis application; or in public use or on Sale in tlje
Uniteb states for more tljan tkoo pears prior to tljis application; anb tljat no
application for patent upon Satb inbention IjaS been fileb bp Ijini or Ijis legal
representatibes or assigns in anp foreign countrp.
fadod-n* - -
dtoorn to anb Subscribeb before me tljis bap of 191/
[deal] J2otnrp public.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON ;:a.y ?>, 1911,
Shojnn3 A. Hclinon,
C/o Frank L. Dyer,
OrwRo, Mew Jersey.
l'lente find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of your ap/dioaUon.
Ser. Mo. 017 , 074 , filed Itor. 29, 1911, for Talk! i-; maht/ioe.
The proper serial number should, be given on page 2. 9^ is
not on t ;c- drawing. '.'/here is 29 shovrn in Pig. IV
Claims 1 and 2 arc. drawn to a record. Claims 3,4,0 and
6 are drawn to a process. Claims 7 to 14 inclusive are drawn to
a talking machine, .Division between these several groups is
required according to the provisions of i!ulo 42.
In amending this case applicant should consult the following
references :
Uaodonald Oct. 21, 1902, 711,700, (101-2)
Hill Oct. 2, 1900, 659,020, (101-2
Wooster, Hov. 9, 1909, 939,701, (101-3)
Hobson, .Kng. Pat. June 15, 1907, 13,058 (181-3)
Kxaminor, Div. 23,
XU SHE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
THOMAS A. EDISON , )
TALKING MACHINES , )
Serial Ho. 617,674 )
Filed March 29,1911 )
Room XIo . 379
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
S I R:
In response to OffjLco action of May 5, 1911,
please amend the above entitled case as follows:
In line 1°, page 2, after "application"
insort - Serial Ho. 617,675 - .
In line 4, claim 3, change "impressing"
to - recording - and after "vibrations" insert - independent,
ly of each other - . j
In line !d , claim 4, cancel "indentable" .
o
In line, 4, claim 5, change. " impresoing"
to - recording - ; and in lino 5, same claim, after
"brat ions" insert - i^lpcndently of oach other - .
In line '5, claim 6, after "vibrations"
insert - upon a rotating record blank - ; and in linos
6 and 7, same claim, cancel "in a rotating record blank ".
Cancel claims 1, 2 and 7 to 14 inclusive and
change the numerals of claims 3,4, 5 and 6 to 1, 2, 3 and
4 respectively.
Add the following claims:
The method of recording sound vibrations
simultaneously emittod from a plurality of sources which
•aouroes independently- of -those- frem-^the other joui oe.B^, ^
to separate recording means^and in then simultaneously ^
(i
|| and synchronously recording the different sots of sound
j vibrations in separate paths in the record material,
i substantially as described.
S
y. The method of recording sound vibrations
I simultaneously emitted^from of, sources jliioh^
]j souroeft- 1 o j
| separate recording means /ncfin then simultaheously
j and synchronously recording the different sets of sound
| vibrations in separate paths upon a single record blanh,
1 siibstantially as described. I
y[ The mothod of recording composite sound pro- j
auctions, which consists in causing the omission in
separate sound-proof compartments of sound vibrations
from each of a plurality of sound sources, in conveying
the sound vibrations from each of the comportments in-
| dependent!:/ of those from the other compartments to soparatej
j recording means, and in then simultaneously and synchronous-|
j iy recording the different sets of sound vibrations in
| separate paths in the record material, substantially as
!j described .
j £ The mothod of recording composite Bound pro-
| auctions, which consists in causing the omission in
fj separate sound-proof compartments of sound vibrations
i| from each of a plurality of sound sources, in convoying
the sound vibrations from each of the compartments in-,
depondontly of those from the other compartments to sep^ratoj
recording means, and in then simultaneously and synchronous-
iy recording the different sets of sound vibrations in
separate paths upon a single, record blanh, substantially!
as described.
I !/fl
ij The method of recording sound vibrations
simultaneously omitted from a Plurality of ^sources , which
oonsistS in“ cunveying-tiie-
3 -fro:
-oaoh-of— tlid
oonsistG in/( conveying— wie □ ouriu-y^u <* ■ ^ ^ ^ ,-z.
t0
separate recording moana^andV then simultaneously and
| synchronously recording the different sets of sound
j vibrations upon a rotatable record blank in separate spiral ^
j! paths having alternately arranged convolutions, substantiallj/
I aB described.
H K M A H K 5
I; Tho reference numeral 9 is sliovm in Pig. 2; 1
ji the Examiner is respectfully requested to apply tno sum<
ij to the base plate of the recording machine in Fig. 1.
j The spiral gear 29 is sliovm in the middle of the feed
| acrew 23 in Pig. 1; and the Examiner is respectfully ro¬
ll quested to apply the reference numeral thereto in the said
|j figure.
|j The claims as now presented uro all drawn to
| a - pi leant’ s process; and action on tlio merits thereof
jj is accordingly respectfully requested. aho right is
j! roserved to file divisional applications on the subjects
Ij matter of the cuneoled claims,
j] Kospeot fully submitted,
THOMAS 4- EIIS01I
Orango, How Jersey, By
April 1912
Uy <f\ a , . yp Ek,
his Attorney.
Dlv. ...J
53- Room . 3.^9
V N04,ReJ.'
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON May 13,1912.
TJjioraus A. Edison,
Care Frank L. Dyer,
Orange, How Jersey .
D.S. PATENT OFFICE,
MAY 131912
M A I LED.
n the EXAMINER in charge of yi
for Talking Machine i
C>17, 674 .
( filed March 29,1911, aerial number
This action is responsive to the amendment filed April 9,
1912.
Claims 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 are rejected upon Hill of
record; Macdonald of record; Hohson of record; Jungren.June 20,
1911, #995', 600, (101-3).
Claims 4 and 9 are rejected upon the cited art. So far as
applicant's process is concerned it is patentably immaterial in
what conformation the record grooves are produced. Suc*i an
arrangement of record grooves, however, are old in Klein, llaroh
6,1906, #014,058,(181-17).
Claim 6, line 2, oorrect- the spelling of "plurality".
Claims 7 and 0 are rejected upon the cited art. THa-degree
to which the several performers are isolated, is not patentably
material so far as applicant's prooeos is concerned.
Claims 7 and 8 are also objeotionable as defining the
process by the apparatus employed.
Ill SHE UHITED
STATES PATJ2JT OFFICE.
thomas a. saiaoit .
TALKI1TG KACHIliKS,
Filed March 29, 1911,
Serial. Ho. 617,674.
HOHOHAB1E OOUMIiiSIOHBR OF PATRHT8 ,
a I
In ronponfte to the Office action of May 13,
1912, please amend tho abovo entitled oooo as follows :
Cancel elainn 1, 2 ur.S 3.
In linos 3 and 4, claim 5, change "conveying
the sound vibrations from each of tho sourcos independently
of those from the other sourcos” to - isolating tho
vibrations from one source from the vibrations from another
source, convoying each isolated sot of vibrations - ; a-nd
in line 5, same claim, after "moans" insert a comma (,).
In lino 2, claim 6, change "plutality"
to - plurality - ; in lines 3 and 4, same claim, change
"conveying tho sound vibrations from each of the sourcos
independently of those from tho other sources" to
- isolating tho vibrations from one source from tho vi¬
brations from anothor source, conveying each isolated set
of vibrations- ; and in lino 6, sane claim, after "moans"
inoort a comma ( ,Jai,
In lines 3 and 4, claim 9, change "convoying
the sound vibrationa from each of tho sources independently
of those from tho other sources" to - isolating tho vi¬
brations from ono source from the vibrations from anothor
I source, convoying oaoh isolated set of vibrations - ;
and in lino 5, same claim, after "means" inuort a comma (,).
|
)
Room Ho. 379.
)
)
Change tho numerals of olaimo 4 to 9 inclusive
to 1 to 6 inolusivo.
R E M A R K S3
Referring to tho rejection of claims 1 an a 6
(former oluimB 4 ana 9) it is pointed out that tho pro¬
duction of difforont arrangements of tho record undulations
or vibrations involvos difforont procedures in carrying
out tho rooording process, and tho formation of tho record
groovos in a certain shape and arrangomont is accordingly
thought to be properly a part of the process, 1’ho more
fact that a process may bo quasi-mechanical in its naturo
does not rondor it unpatentable. Tho patent to Klein does
not show an arrangement of record grooves as specified in
the claims in ouestion, one of Klein's groovos D boing a
guido groovo and not a record groovo (boo linos 39 to 42
of Klein' 8 specification).
Claims g, 3 and 6 differentiate from tho referen¬
ces of record by specifying tho step of isolating tho
vibrations from ono source from tho vibrations from another
source. In all of the references, somo of tho vibrations
intended for oaoh recording instrument are permitted to
commingle with and booomo rocordod with tho vibrations
inton sod for other rooording instruments. As tho isolation
of tho vibrations as spoolfiod in those claims is tho most
important object of applicant's invention, tho importance
thereof in applicant's process is obvious.
Claims 4 and 5 differentiate from tho references
by specifying the stop of causing tho omission in soparato
sound proof compartments of sound vibrations from each of
a plurality of sources. Tho remarks raado above in con¬
nection with claimc 2, 3 and 6 apply equally well to
claims 4 and 5. Referring to the Examiner's o'bjoctlon to
the last named olaina , it io thought that thoro io no
objeotionable reference to apparatus in thooe claimo.
Tho expression "causing tho omission in soparato sound
proof compartmonte, oto." Btatos , it io submitted, a true
process stop, tho sound proof oompartmont hoing specified
to facilitate an accurato description of this otep.
Tho claims arc thought to bo patentable, and
reconsideration and allowance arc respectfully roquonted,
Rospootfully subraittod,
THOMAS A. EDISON,
By
his Attorney. 7
Orange, ITow Jersey,
April 1915.
FB-K.UK
Div&3-
Paper -Re j-.-
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASH INGTON . June--® ;-19i3v-
J?rarik L. Dyer, .
. Orange,- How- J ersey •
O.S. PATENT OFFICE,
JUN 3 1913
MAILED.
Please find below a con
-Thomas A. Edison
nmnnication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
. aorialnumher-ei7',OtMv-fiTed--K&ych-'29,T911V
for Talking-- Jfechliws - - .
ThiB action is responsive to the amendment filed April 25,
1913 Claim 1 is rejected on Tore, French patent, Feb. 15,1910,
412, %at, (101-3). Ho invention is found in arranging his grooves
as in Berliner, Ootoher 12,1909, 936,976, Uol-17)^ • See also
Couade.Prenoh patent, ^eo. 11,1907 , 384.! 921, (181-3).
Claim 1 is also rejected on the references of record for
the reasons of record . The arrangement of the spiral is
patentably immaterial .especially as respects the process, ’he
prooess of the references being the same as applicant's.
Claims 2, 3, 4 and 5 are rejected on Tore* also on the
references of record for the reasonB of record. See especially
ly as regards the prooess, that of the references so far as the
process is concerned, being the same as applicant's •
Claim 6 is rejected on Tore; also on the referenoes and
reasons of record, in connection with the reasons set out in the
rejection of olaim 1..
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 723 Talking Machines (Case B)
Serial#: 617675
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 3/28/1911
petition.
tije Commissioner of patents:
£our petitioner thouas a. ’sfoiaorr,
a citizen of tfje ®niteb States, teSibing anb Ijabing a $oSt Office abbress at
Llewellyn Park, West Orange, -Essex County, New Jersey,
prapfi tfjat letters patent map be granteb to fjim for tfje improbements in
-TALKING MACJII2IES-
set forty in tlje annexeb Specification ; anb Ije fjerebp appoints Jfranfe X. ©per
(Registration JJo. 560), of ©range, J2eto 5«^p, Ijis attornep, toitfj full
potoer of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tijis application, to make
alterations anb ainenbnicnts therein, to receibe tije patent, anb to transact all
business in tije patent Office connected tljeretoitfj.
SPECIFICATION.
ij TO ALL WHOM IT -SAY CONCERN:
j BE IT KNOWN, that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a
; citizen of the United States and a resident of Llewellyn
| Parle, West Orange, in the County of Essex and State of
New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful inqprove-
ments in TALKING MACHINES, of which the following is
|l a description;
jj My invention relates to talking machines
jj and more particularly to an Improved method and means
j! for recording composite sound productions such as are
|| produced, for example, hy a singer and acoompaniBt.
ij It has heretofore been the practise to record
jj only the resultant sound produced hy the combination of
| the sounds from the various sources of the composite pro-
j{ duotion, ThiB method is ohj ectionable in that the
jj superposition of the undulations corresponding to the
jj sounds from each source produces a very irregular record
j inpresBion which it is difficult to accurately trace with
jj a reproducing stylus} so that when a record thus formed
jj is reproduced, the distinctness of the individual parts
jj of the composite sound production is necessarily more or
jj less destroyed so as to render it impossible to give
jj desired prominence and distinctness to any particular
i| part, for example, that of a singer or other soloist.
*1"
j
j
In my conpanion application for letters Paten/
entitled "Talking Machines" filed on even date herewith,
I have described a method and means for overcoming this
objection. VSy present invention is a modification of
that described in said companion application. In the
method disclosed in this application, I record the parts
of the composite sound on separate record blanks prefer¬
ably by mounting these blanks on separate machines placed
in separate compartments , the said machines being driven
in synchronism by any suitable means. I can then re¬
produce the composite production by reproducing the
resultant records on separate machines driven in synchron¬
ism. In addition to my improved method, my invention
comprises simple and efficient means for carrying the
same into effect. Other objects of my invention will
appear more fully in the following specification and
appended claims.
In order that my invention may be more fully
understood, attention is hereby directed to the accompany¬
ing drawings forming part of this specification and in
which -
r*
Ij Figure 1 represents a plan view partly in
section of the preferred embodiment of my recording meanB;
!| Figure 2 represents a front elevation of the
| device shown in Figure 1, part of said device being shown
j in section taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1; and
| Figure 3 represents a plan view of my preferred j
ij reproducing means.
| In all of the views, like parts are designated
by the same reference numerals,
i fief erring to figures 1 and 2, the numerals
1 and 2 represent two adjacent rooms or compartments aepar-
ated by a wall £ having mounted therein a window _4 per¬
il mitting vision from one compartment to the other. The
jj numerals 5 and 6_ represent the side walls and the numeral
| 7 the top wall of the compartments. In each compartment
I is placed a talking machine These machines, in the !
|j form of my invention disclosed, are xjrovided with dovm- j
!! wardly turned flanges 9 secured hy a rivet or other j
j! securing means 10 to the partition wall 3 of the oompart- -
j| ment. Each machine is provided with a table or support j
| 11 for a record or blank 12 and is secured to and rotat- j
\ able with a shaft 13. The shaft 13 of one of the machines.
Si for example, that in the compartment 2 as shown, is
|j connected with and rotated by a motor mounted in a casing
| 14 depending from the base of the corresponding machine,
jj Mounted in a bearing 3' in the wall 3 is a horizontal
jj shaft 15 having secured at its opposite ends bevel gears
jj 16 and 17 . The gear IB meshes with the bevel gear IS j
j! secured to the shaft 13 of the machine in compartment 1, J
jj and the gear 17 with the bevel gear 19 secured to the j
jj shaft 13 in the compartment 2. By means of the above
described connecting gearing, the record supports or tables
11 are rotated in synchronism by the motor in the casing
14.
! Each maohine is provided with a recorder 20
! mounted in a traveling carriage 21 which is pivotally
i and slidably mounted at its rear end on the horizontal
rod 22 mounted in brackets 22’ , the said oarriageAslidahly
supported at its forward end by the straight edge 23.
i
jj "3"
■
yor feeding the carriage hi across the record 12 trans-
I vorsely of the record groove, a nut 214 is secured at one
|! end of the spring arm 25 which latter is secured at its
| opposite end to the carriage 211, the feed nut 2£ being
i| adapted to engage a feed 3 crew 26 mounted in the brackets
I 22i on the base of the machine. As is common in devices
jj of this kind, the feed nut engages only the upper portion
jj of the screw 26; so that as the carriage 21 is lifted at
| its forward end to remove the reproducer from the record,
|j tiie feed nut disengages from the feed screw. For rotat-
jj ing the various feed screws in synchronism, each screw has
| secured thereto, a spiral gear 27 engaged by a corres-
ji ponding gear 28 secured to the shaft 16. The feed
!j screw and gears 27 and 28 for one compartment are prefer-
j ably identical with the corresponding parts for the other
|| compartment, as shown; so that a uniform feed is obtained
ij in all the machines enroloyed in my invention. This
!
i! construction, however, is not necessary as my invention
| could be carried out by the U3S of feeds having any de-
j| sired ratio to each other 30 long as two machines operated
j! in synchronism. Each reproducer has secured thereto a
ij sound conveyor 29.
ij 'In using the apparatus described abovo in
| carrying out my Invention, the singer or other source of
Ij the sound to which it is desired to give most prominence
j is plaoed facing the exit of the sound conveyor in one
j of the compartments, as at a in Figure 1. The orchestra
j or other source or sources of sound is placed in front
of the exit of the other sound conveyor, as at b in com-
j part men?, 2. The record blank having bean placed upon the
"4"
!
tables
or supports 11 and the motor in the casing 14 having
been set into operation, a director gives the signal
| through the window 4 for bringing the two sources of ;
| sound into time with eaoh other. The rooms or compart- j
j ments 1 and 2 being sound tight, the sound from the i
I sources a and b are independently recorded upon the record j
j blanks in the corresponding compartments.
■When it is desired to reproduce the original
ij production, the resultant records are placed upon the
jj tables 30 (see Jig. 3) of a plurality of machines 31
ji driven in synchronism by any preferred type of connecting
5 gearing 32. The reproducers 33 having been placed at j
■j the starting point of the various records each of the j
ji latter when rotated by its support causes the corresponding j
ij reproducer to give forth through the sound conveying arm j
|j 34 and the sound amplifier 35 into the atmosphere, the j
■j sounds which were recorded in the compartments JL and 2. j
ij As the records are synchronously rotated during both the j
ij recording and the reproducing, the various sounds are
j| blended into the perfeot harmony which existed during the
process of recording. Furthermore, as the regularity
of the undulations impressed in the record recorded in
! the compartment 1 is not destroyed by the superposition
of the undulations from the sound in the compartment 2,
the sound produced in compartment 1 can be reproduced
with a high degree of distinctness. In addition to this
advantage, the use of separate reoord grooves and repro-
i ducers greatly increase the volume of the sound given j
»5'
forth.
While I have included the claims for my in¬
vention in its broadest aspect in my companion application
referred to above and while X have inoluded in this
application only such claims as are patentahly different
from the disclosure made in the said companion application
many modifications may he made in the specific structure
and in the method herein disclosed -without departing from
j
the spirit of my invention.
What I claim an new and desire to secure by
Letters Patent of the United States is as follows;
'//V^ '
1. In a device of the class described, the com¬
bination of a plurality of rotatable record supports,
a sound\box for each support, and means for rotating said
supports\in synchronism, each of said sound boxes having
an independent sound conveyor connected therewith, sub¬
stantially^ set forth.
3. a device of the class described, the com¬
bination of k plurality of rotatable record supports,
a sound box fVr each support, means for rotating said
supports in synchronism, and means for producing a
relative feeding movement between 3aid sound boxes and
said supports, etch of said sound boxes having an inde¬
pendent sound conveyor, substantially as set forth.
3. In a device of the class described, the
combination of a plurality of rotatable record supports,
a recorder for each support, means for rotating said
supports in synchronism, and independent sound conveyors
for the respective reorders, substantially as set forth
i device of the class described, the com¬
bination of a plurality of ooi.par tiuen fca , a rotatable
record Bupport and a roc or dor therefor in each compartment,
and noivL for rotating said record support b in synchronism,
ibstant\ally as sat forth,
^Tn a device of the class described, the com¬
bination oi a plurality of compartments, a rotatable
record support and a recorder therefor in each compart¬
ment, means Yor rotating one of said record supports, and
means connect W said supports for synchronous rotation,
substantially Ws set forth.
Wvice of the class described,
hination of a plurality of compartments , a rotatable
| record support and a recorder therefor in each compartment
jj means for rotating one of said record supports, and
I gearing connecting said supports for synchronou:
fj substantially as s^t for
■I 7 1 in a device of the class doscribed, the com- |
bination of a plurality of compartments, a rotatable j
record support and a Vecorder therefor in each compartment , j
means for rotating ond of said record supports, means j
connecting said supports for synobronous rotation, and j
means connected with slid second named means for producing
a synchronous feeding movement transversely of the record
grooves between each of \said recorders and its record
support, substantially afe set forth.
8 . In a device of
the class described, the com-
Jf compartments, a rotatable
bination of a plurality
record Support and a recorder therefor in each compartment,
means for\rotating one of said record supports, gearing
conneoting\aid supports for synchronous rotation, and
means connected with said gearing for producing a syn¬
chronous feeding movement transversely of the record
grooves between Wch of said recorders and its record
support, substantially as set forth.
$. The process of recording composite sound
|j productions composed of sounds emanating from a plurality
of different sources which consists in simultaneously
recording on separat-e^synohror.oisnly driven record blanks
the Bound from each r.ourc'e., r.ubnt. anti ally as sot forth.
ji jq, The method of recording composite sound pro-
|j auctions which consists in producing impendent mechanicalj
i| vibrations corresponding to the sound from each oi several!
j! sources, and simultaneously iSpressj-ng these vibrations
| in separate synchronously rotated record blanks, sub-
stant la'll:
as set forth.
&S (j ?<• ■
•3 - 4
®ji£f specification sigtteb anb toitneSSeb tljis <2 bap of 9 1 1
Mlitnessetlj:
. y) ■ .
2. . /d&t*£wryy/ .
®atb.
g>tate of iicbi f ersep ]
Countp of €SSex j
Thomas a . TiDi son , tljc atiobc namcb
petitioner, being bnhj Stuorn, beposes anb SapS tfjat ije is a citijcn of tfje Unitcb
States, anb a ICSibent Of Llewellyn Pari., West Orange, Essex County,
New Jersey,
tijat fje berilij beliebes fjimseelf to be tfje original, first anb sole inbentor of tljc
iinprobemcnts in talking machines
bescribcb anb claimeb in tfje anttexeb specification ; tijat Ije boes not bnotu anb
boes not beliebe tijat tfje Same bias eber Unobm or nseb before Ijis inbention or
biscoberp thereof ; or patenteb or beScribeb in anp printeb publication in the
Uniteb states of America or anp foreign countrp before Ijis inbention or
biscoberp thereof, or more tljan tbio pears prior to tfjis application; or patenteb
in anp countrp foreign to tljc Uniteb States on an application fileb more tljan
tluelbe montljs prior to tljis application; or in public use or on Sale in tfje
Unitcb States for more tljan tluo pears prior to tljis application; anb tijat no
application for patent upon Saib inbention has been fileb bp fjfnt or Ijis legal
representatibes or assigns in anp foreign countrp.
\/^Ltnsis! -Si
tfteal]
Stuorn to anb subscribeb before me tljis °2 ^bap of 91 f
. f.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON May .3, 103.1 .
th oi«an A. Edison, ' > • ,
C/o Frank D, Dyoi-, ! ■
Orango , How Jersey.
Hence find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of your application.
Sor. Ho. 017,0713, filed J/.nr. 29, 193.1, for Talking Machines.
The proper serial number should be given at the top of
po.ge 2. 3' is not on the drawing.
Clai.fis 1 to 8 inclusive u.ro druwn to a talking machine,
while claims 9 and 10 are drawn to a proeoBS. Division is required
according to the provisions of Kulc 48.
In addition to the art cited in applicant’s companion
application applicant should see Davis, Way 24, 1910, 958,730
(181-14); Prescott, July 26, 1910, 965,330 {181-16) .
in THE UITITEP STATES PAT Ell T OFFICE.
THOMAS A. ED I Sait *
TALKIHG MAC III1IKS ,
Serial Ho. 617,675,
Eoorn llo. 379
Filed March 29, 1911 )
HOI! OK ABLE COMMISSIOHEH OF FAT HITS,
8 15:
In response to Office action of May 5, 1911
pi cane amend the above entitled ease ns follows:
In line 1, pago after "Patent" insert
- Serial Ho. 617,674 - .
In lino 4, claim 10, change "impressing"
to - recording - .
Cancel claims 1 to 8 inclusive and change
the numerals of 9 and 10 to 1 and 2 respectively.
Add the following claims:
/
The method of rocording sound vibrations
|j simultaneously emitted from a plurality of_ sources which.
["'consists in
I A
a A>" •-* '*
n . thn othey - B ouroefl— t o a
i separate recording instrument, and in simultaneously and
synchronously recording the sound vibrations ,jPs*em the
various -oeweee on separate synchronously driven record
blanks, substantially as set forth.
<&*
The method of recording composite sound pro-
| auctions which consists in causing the emission in separate
|j sound-proof compartments of sound vibrations from each of
a plurality of sound sources, in conveying the sound
ij vibrations from each of the compartments independently of
those from the Other compartments to separate recording
Lears, and in then simultaneously anil synchronously rocorclin
I the different sets of sound vibrations on separate oyn-
!! ohronously driven record blanks, substantially as set forth
remarks
The Examiner is respectfully requested to apply
the reference numeral 5' to the drawings to indicate the
bearing in- the wall 3. for the shaft 18.
All of the claims now in the case are drawn to
applicant's process; and action on the mei its thereof is
accordingly respectfully reoucstod. fh'. right is
reserved to file a divisional application on the subject
| matter of the cunceled claims.
Itoopectfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EE I SOU ,
Orange, Rev? Jersey,
J.H.D.-S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
^ WASHINGTON May i?*19*2*
Thomas A. Edison,
Cure Trank L. Dyer,
Orange, New Jersey .
'lease find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of your a fipli cation.
for Talking Machines, filed March 29,1911,Berial number 617,675 .
O.S. PATWT OFFICE,
im< 131912
MAILED.
This aotion is responsive to the amendment filed April 9,
Claim s 1, 2 an
),0&8, (181-2),
und 3 are rejected upon Hill, October 2,1900,
and also as not patent, ably distinguishing
#659,
from, ^
Maodonald.Ootober 21,1902, #711,706,(181-2);
Jungren, June 20, 1911, #995, 6$), (181-3) , o y'
Hobson, Eng. patent, June 15, 1907, #13,^8, (101-3) .
Claim 4 is rejected upon the oited art. The degree of
-'isolation :: of the performers is held not to be patentabl^
material so far as applicant's process is concerned. Moreover,
claim 4 la objeotionuble as defining the prooess by the apparatus
employed.
Ill SH8 UHISED iJSATBS PATI'HT W3H0R.
THOMAS A. RDXSOII, )
TAIKIHG MACHINES, )
Ho on Ho. ' 379 .
Piled March 29, 1911, )
Serial Mo. 617,673. )
HOMO" ABLE C0HIJI3SI0NKB OP FATBITSS ,
S I Is
In response to the Office action of May 13,
1912, please amend the above entitled ease as foil onus
Cancel claims 1 and 2.
Claim 3, linos 3 and <1, ehango "convoying
the vibrations from oach of the sources independently
of those from the other sourcos" to - isolating the
vibrations fron one source from the vibrations from another
soxirco, convoying each isolated set of vibrations - ; in
lino 6, same claim, ohange "from" to - in - ; and in line
7, samo olaim, ahango "sources" to - sets - .
Change tho numerals of claims 3 and 4 to
1 and 2 respectively.
I' Claim 1 differentiates from tho references
of reoord by specifying the stop of isolating tho vibrations
from ono source from the vibrations from another source. In
the disclosure of all tho references, some of tho vibrations
intended for each recording instrument are permitted to
commingle with and to become recorded with vibrations
/ intended for other recording instruments. As the isolation
!■ of the vibrations as specified in this claim is tho most
important object of applicant's invention, tho importance
thoroof in .applicant's procoos is obvious.
Claim 2 difforontiatos from tho roforonoos t>y
specifying the step of oauoing tho oniBBion in soparato
sound proof compartments of sound vibrations from each
of a plurality of Bound oourooo. Tho remarks made above
in connection with claim 1 apply o anally to claim 2.
Referring to the Examinor's objootion to claim 2, it is
thought that thoro is no oh jaetionablo roforonco to
apparatus in this claim. Bit© expression "causing tho
omission in separate sound proof compartments of sound
vihrationB otc." states, it is submitted, a true process
j step, tho sound proof compartment being specified to
facilitate an accurate description of this step*
Tho claims are thought to be patentable and
reconsideration and allowance are respectfully requested.
Respectfully submitted,
THOU AO A. EDI 3011 ,
OLj^e. £&,-***
Orange, hew Jersey,
April 1913.
Div. ..23.... Boom 37-9-
• Sut. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . Juna..-
Trunk I.. .Dyer, .
. Orange ,. -Now.. Jersey .
O.S. PATENT OFFICE,
JUN 3 1913
MAILED.
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
■Thomas A* -Edison-, - serial-number— 61.7.,.675,— £iled~l£ar-ah-29. ,1911,— ..
...for-Talking-Machines-.
This action is responsive to the amendment filed April
25,1913 .
Claims 1 and 2 are rejected on the references of record, in
view of Tore,Trenoh patent, Teh. 15,1910, 412,688, (181-3).
Claims 1 and 2 are alBO rejected on the references of reoord
for the reasons of reoord. The degree of isolation of the setB
of sound vibrations is held patentably immaterial especially
so far as the process is concerned . The process of the
references of record is the same as that empiayed,by applicant,
see also Couade, Trench patent, Deo. 11, 1 907, 384, -921, ( 181^3 )•
Attention is also directed to Wooster, Nov. 9,1909,939,781,
(181-3), and -nerliner.Teh. 4,1902,692,5(12^(181-3).
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 728 Sound-Box
U.S. Patent#: 1078266
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 4/3/1911
yu.C&£*> *-r #-*■■/.
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 731 Production of Nickel Hydroxid
U.S. Patent#: 1167484
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed:
4/7/1911
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Ur. Edison: -
a, ii. i;
a
gQEIO 751. PROSUOTIOa OE HICkTh HYDHO^
This is the application which you instructed me this
morning to abandon. X am writing this memorandum to make sure
that I have explained the situation to you completely.
This application is one of three which were filed on
the same day. The other two have gone to patent as follows :-
Ho. 1,083,355, for process of forming nickel hydroxide
or other insoluble chemical compound by a certain dry method.
Ho. 1,083,356, for process and product for an active
material made up of nickel hydroxide with a small percentage of
cobalt hydroxide formed by drying the precipitated pulp and there¬
after removing the insoluble reaction products.
In each of these patents there is a reference to the
application now under consideration, and I consider that the pro¬
cess of the present application is substantially disclosed in
patent Ho. 1,083,356. Copies of these patents are submitted
herewith. If I am correct in this opinion, you will not be able
to keep the process of the application under consideration secret
by abandoning it.
Very good process claims have been allowed in this appli¬
cation, and the only question remaining to be settled is that of
the product claims. In view of these circumstances, I should
think it would pay you to take out this patent even with only
process claims in it, as this would afford you a certain measure
of protection at least. In our last amendment, we asked for the
allowance of six product claims,
number to, say, three, and change
may get something allowed on the product, and X should recommend
making an effort to get at least such product claims allowed as
can be obtained without going to the expense of an appeal.
If you should change your decision in this matter, we
will have to act promptly as the amendment must be received in
the Patent Office not later than Jane 16th. An amendment for
this purpose has already been prepared and is ready to be mailed.
While X agree with you that it is difficult to prove
infringement of patents of this character and that in many cases
better protection is obtained by keeping the process secret, I
do not think this consideration is applicable to the application
under consideration because of patent Ho. 1,083,356 referred to
above, which has already been published.
Possibly, if we reduce bhe
the form of some of them, we
HL-JS
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 732 Storage Battery
U.S. Patent#: 1083356
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 4/7/1 91 1
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 733 Art of Forming Chemical Compounds
U.S. Patent#: 1083355
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 4/7/1911
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Folio# 743
U.S. Patent#:
Primary Applicant:
Date Executed:
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Art of Separating Copper from Other Metals
1050629
Edison, Thomas A
5/1/1911
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 745 Art of Separating Copper from Other Metals
U.S. Patent#: 1050630
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 5/12/1911
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 748 Reproducer
U.S. Patent#: 1055621
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 5/1 6/1 91 1
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 756 Battery Charge Indication
U.S. Patent#: 1045291
Primary Applicant: Holland, Walter E
Date Executed: 6/6/1911
MEMORANDUM
Hr. Smith: i2/39/X0-
Ref erring to the attached memorandum, please get an
extra copy of the Apple patent so that X can take it up with
"Ite. Edison^ 'i do not think it would ho worth while going into
this matter unless v/e bought the patent, assuming that it is
infringed.
EID/l TO | 1. D.
K- -
0'^^>
t
Mr. Dyer:-
Mr. Edison's, or rather Mr. Walter Holland's inven¬
tion on the device for indicating when a storage battery is
nearly fully charged hy means of counting the bubbles of gas
passing through a fluid reservoir per second, is anticipated
by the patent to Apple, Ho. 952,087, in the Storage Battery
Binder, which I hand you. You will note that Claim 2 of this
patent dominates our structure. Will you please advise me
whether you think any steps should be taken to purchase the
Apple patent.
Our structure is much more practical than. Apple’ s,
and I think we might file a specific application on our im¬
proved apparatus. Ab to the idea of indicating the condition
of the charge directly by a pointer and a scale, on which I
developed several ideas, as X told you, Mr. Edison says that
they had tried similar schemes and found them impractical on
account of the clogging of the paBsageB with the potash from
the battery solution. However, I should think we might file
applications on some such ideas.
. DS-JS
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 755 Method of Making Molds for Sound Records
U.S. Patent#: 1118114
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 6/8/1911
Patent Application Files
Folio # 757 Combined Filling and Gas Valve for Storage Batteries
U.S. Patent#: 1165100
Primary Applicant: Holland, Walter E
Date Executed: 6/15/1911
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 759 Safety Device for Secondary Cells
U.S. Patent#: 1116893
Primary Applicant: Hutchison, Miller Reese
Date Executed: 6/19/1911
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Mr. Hutchison:- V ^ ^ W ^ J\ ^ X|£ <T
I hand you herewith the file of Folio 759 , whioh is an
applioation filed in your name for Safety Devioes for Secondary
Cells. This application was allowed August 7, 1914 with the
following claims :-
1. In apparatus of the character described, the com¬
bination with a battery cell, of fluid -containing means for
extinguishing the flame of an internal explosion in said
oell, and means for indicating the ooourrenoe of suoh ex¬
plosion, comprising a member adapted to be displaced to
operative position by passage of gas in excess of a pre¬
determined pressure through said fluid-containing means,
substantially as described.
2. In apparatus of the character described, the
combination with a battery oell, of a fluid -containing
vessel so oonneoted with said oell as to cause the passage
of gas therefrom into said vessel below the fluid-level
of the same, and a pivoted oover for said vessel.
g. In apparatus of the character described, the com¬
bination with a battery oell, of a fluid -containing vessel
so oonneoted with said oell as to oause the passage of gas
therefrom into said vessel below the fluid level of the
same, and a movable oover for said vessel looated and ar¬
ranged to be moved into open position by excess of gas
pressure within said vessel.
4. In apparatus of the character described, the com¬
bination with a battery cell, of a fluid -containing vessel
so oonneoted with said oell as to oause the passage of gas
therefrom into said vessel below the fluid-level of the same,
a pivoted oover for said vessel, said oover being looated and
arranged to be moved into open position by exoess of gas
pressure within said vessel, and a spring so formed and
positioned as to ooaot with said oover to resiliently hold
the same in either dosed or open position.
5. In apparatus of the character described, the com¬
bination with a battery oell, of a vessel fitting olosely
within (.the filling) opening of the same and provided with
an exterior opening and an opening extending from the in¬
terior thereof into the space above the eleotrolyte in the
said oell, and a removable oover for the exterior opening.
6. In apparatus of the character described, the com¬
bination with a battery oell, of a fluid -containing vessel
mounted within the same, having a passage therefrom extend¬
ing out through the top' of the oell, said vessel having a
vertical sleeve, extending downwardly therein from an upper
surfaoe to a plane above the bottom of said vessel, said j
sleeve surrounding the lower end of said passage, and said t
vessel having oiroumferential openings oonneoting the spaoej
above the eleotrolyte in said oell with the interior of said
vessel outside said sleeve and above the bottom of the samel
if
^ The specific structure oovered by the olaims is that of
Figure 1 and there are no olaims to the filling device shown in
Figure 2. This device is not much different from that shown in
the Edison patent Ho. 821,623 of May 29, 1906. I also note that
no olaims have been presented covering the idea of insulating the
safety device from the battery can. Apparently, the only function
of this insulation is to facilitate the operation of the signal
associated with the filling device, and you have already told me
that the filling operation oannot be performed satisfactorily in the
manner illustrated in Figure 2 beoause there is no vent for the es¬
cape of air. Do you consider this insulation feature of importance?
Sossibly, a claim oan be obtained on it by an amendment under Rule 78,
or if it is of sufficient importance, the oase might be permitted to
forfeit and then renewed. If you think the invention is sufficient¬
ly protected by the olaims allowed and reoommend talcing the patent
out, X should like to have Mr. Edison's authorization to pay the
~final~feeT I presume no foreign applications are to be filed. Do
you consider any of the details shown in figures other than Figure 1
of sufficient importance to justify the filing of a divisional ap¬
plication? —
HL-JS
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 768 Concrete Furniture
Serial #: 639752
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 7/18/1911
Serial No
7 L o '
Applicant.
r-H- .
Title (psrrtssu£'- .
,3 /, . . /SAL .
Examiner’s Room No.-
Assignee
Ass’g’t Exec.
Recorded
Liber . . . Page
Patent No. V. ^ Issued
ACTIONS.
petition
®0 tijc Commissioner o{ patents :
. • *» ®““ — -
llewellyn Park,' West Orange, Essex County, New Jersey
/praps^jat letters patent map be gtanteb to Ijim for tlje implements in
fri
1 , ' ! CONCRETE FURHITURE
At fortij in tfje annexeb Specification; anb ije berebp appoints ftmk %. .9s«
(Registration Mo. 560), of ©range, J?eto BferSep, i)iS attornep, Untf) full
pobier of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tips application, to make
/^alterations anb amenbments therein, to receibe tlje patent, anb to transact a
** business in tlje patent Office connecteb tijeretoitf).
. A- -
SPECIFICATION
TO All WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: -
BE IT KNOWN, that I. THOMAS A. EDISON, a oitizen
of the United States ana a resident of I.lewellyn Park,
West Orange , Essex County, New Jersey, have invented cer¬
tain new ana useful improvements in CONCRETE FURNITURE, of
whioh the following is a specification: -
| My invention relates to the use of oonoreto for
! artioles of furniture, and has for its onsets the produot-
I*1 ion of material suitable for this purpose , which is fire¬
proof, cheaper than wood, and not subject to many of the
deteriorating influences which affect wood, and the pro¬
vision of means for assembling and securing together the
parts made of this material so as to form the completed
article. More particularly, my invention relates to an
| improved phonograph cabinet constructed of reinforced con-
My invention consists generally in the use of
ooncrete made of cement, preferably Portland, mixed with
very light porous sand or other aggregates, such as pumice
atone, charcoal, coke, or furnace slag made porous by
steam or other gases being blown through the molten mass,
and reinforced in a suitable manner, as by metallic per¬
forated sheets or wire screen cloth. The pores of the
porous aggregates are preferably of such small dimensions
that the cement particles cannot enter them, and thus, the
greater part of the bulk of the concrete, after it has
(1')
| »d a. »•» o£ olrS.
I spot,. s. Thus , by employing P«” sggttgstt. M',1”e “
loose, spongy, or o.llulsr stru.ture, 1 h.yo boon obi. to
pro Quo e o oonorot. uhl.h 1. only a little heayi.r then
rood and uhl.h i. admirably adapted for the purpose. d.-_
lj sired .
Ij The articles of furniture, if large , are prefer-
ably mode in separate pieoeB, ana meanB are proviaea for
assembling and securing the pieces together, as, for exam-
I ple. by metallic parts molded in place in the separate
j pieces, so that upon assembling the pieces, they may be
I bolted together.
j To show tho manner in which my invention may be
| oarried out, I have illustrated it as applied to the oon-
jl at motion of a cabinet for phonographs, but obviously, my
j invention is applicable to furniture of all Kinds.
| In the drawings whioh aooompany and form a part
j of this specification,, and in which like reference charac
j ters are employed to designate like parts in the several
views -
j Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a
j phonograph cabinet constituting one embodiment of my in-
vention; / Vfyty
Figures 2 and 3 aranpSftpaotiva views showing
certain details of construction;. ^
the line 4-4 of Figure
Figure 5 iTC^S^itly'in section showing a
portion of one of the cabinet pieces or parts at a stage
in its construction immediately after the reinforoing
(2)
material has been laia r/ty/y
S-iBure 6 is^a. seotitoal view showing one fo:
of a portion of a seouring devioe; f/,/y I
figure 7 is^ section!1 view showing a moaifiea |
form of a portion of the seouring aevioe ; and
figure 8 isTseotlo^ua view through a hinged
portion of the oahinet.
Referring to the drawings, at 1 is illustrated
one of the two side pieees or parts of the cabinet. ?he ^
front piece or part of the same is shown at 2. and the bach
piece or part at 8. The top member or frame is shown at
4 resting upon and supported by the frame formed of the
side pieces 1 and the front and bach pieces 2, and 8. The
lid of the cabinet is shown at 5 and is hinged to the top
piece 4 at 5' . Horizontal partitions or shelves are
shown at 6. 7 and 8. The side pieces 1, front and bach
pieces 2 and 3. top piece 4, lid 6. and horizontal partit¬
ions or shelves 6, 7 and 8 are made of concrete] which is
preferably composed of fortland cement mi,ed with very lighfe
I1 porous aggregates, such as pumice stone, charcoal, oohe,
or furnace slag,. made porous by steam being blown through
the molten mass,]and reinforced by metallic perforated
sheets or wire screen oloth, suoh as is shown at 9. Por¬
tions of the molds .or forms for forming these parts into
suitable shapes are shown at 10- Bach •* 3ide
, is preferably formed with a pair of metallic tubular mem
bera 11 located near the edges of the side pieces are
vertical when in assembled position, thus providing verti¬
cal members at each corner of the main frame. Each of
the tubular members preferably projects a short distance
(3)
I above the main frame at eaoh oornar thereof, as la olearly
Qhovm ln Figure 3. Che lower ends of the tubular members
I 11 servo to receive the rollere 12 of the oabinet.. Jhe^
j top pieoe 4 is provided at eaoh corner with a recessed- ^
aptea to receive the projecting upper ends of the members
11 at eaoh oorner of the frame, and moans is thereby pro-
I viaed for retaining the top member 4 in plaoe on the main
j| frame. In order to Becure the pieces of the cabinet to-
gother, moans are provided, os illustrated particularly
in Figures 4, 5 and 6, consisting of bolts 14, nuts 15,
!| washers 16 ana 17, and metallic angle irons 19. The
method of providing the seouring means is as follows :-
j a pair of washers 16 and 17 are placed on eaoh side of one
iof the interstioes of the reinforoing fabrio 9 ana the bolt
14 threaded through the washerB ana the opening in the re-
, inforoing fabrio. The nut 16 is then screwed in place,
I1 ^ the reinforoing fabrio , together with the bolt ana its
nut ana the washers, are all set in plaoe in the plastio
mass of concrete, as is olearly shown in Figures 4. 5 and
6. After the concrete has set, the bolt 14 is unscrewed |
from its nut and from the hardened oonorete. At any time I
, thereafter, the bolt may be sorewea into the nut for the
j| purpose of retaining in plaoe one of the angle irons 19.
In the modification shown in Figure 7, the bolt J
j 20 is set in plaoe with its head embedded in the oonorete.
In this figure , 21 and 22 show washers for the bolt on each
side of the reinforoing fabrio 9. In UBing this modifies-
tion, the angle iron 19 is seourea in plaoe by means of a _ q
nut sorewed on the bolt 20. The side pieoes 1 and the end '
pieoes 2 ana 3 may be oast in Buoh a form as t<?. join tbgeth-
j er in a suitable manner, ae is shown at 23. for the purpoee
j of increasing the rigidity of the structure. The side
II pieces 1 are preferably molded with projections or ledges
24 25 and 26 which serve the purpose of supporting the
horizontal partitions or shelves 6. 7 and 8 respectively.
|| p0r the purpose of securing hinges to those parts which
| are to be hinged together, wooden blocks 27 are molded in
j the pieces or parts, end the hinge 28 is secured to the
I wooden blocks 27 by means of screws 29, ns is clearly
shown in figure 8. A door 30 is provided in the upper
\ portion of the phonograph oabinet to furnish easy access
| to the phonographic apparatus which is contained in the
I cabinet. The top partition or shelf 6 is provided with
1 an opening 31 through which the neck of the phonograph horn
passes. The front piece 2 is provided with an opening 32
I1 in its upper part intended to afford an outlet for the
sound produced by the phonograph, and with an opening 33
in its lower end which may be provided with a door. The
lower part of the cabinet may be used for any suitable
purpose, suuh as storing records.
The features of construction described in con¬
nection with the phonograph cabinet may obviously be appliel
I to other forms of household furniture and articles of like
character. The articles after hardening and drying may be
varnished over or painted in a suitable manner, either plaii
or in imitation of wood. If desired, the articles may be
japanned by the methods employed in japanning iron articles,
inasmuch as the concrete is not affected by the heat at the
temperature employed in japanning ovens.
(5)
Having now described ray invention, what X olaim
and desire to protect by Letters Patent is as follows :-
rf,4,
A composition of matter, consisting of oonorete
ooraposed of oomont and porous aggregates, substantially as
described.
A composition of matter, consisting of oonorete
oomposed df Portland oement and porous aggregates, sub-
stantially\as described.
composition of matter, consisting of oonoretej
ooraposed of \omont und pumioe stone, substantially as de¬
scribed .
\
imposition of matter, consisting of oonorete
oomposed of Portland oement and pumioe stone, substantial¬
ly as described
5. A composition of matter consisting of oonorete
composed of oemont\and porous aggregates, the pores of the
aggregates being siibst antially free from oement, sub¬
stantially as described.
6. A composition of matter consisting of oonorete
composed of Portland dement and porous aggregates , the poresj
of the aggregates bein\ substantially free from oement,
substantially as described.
7. An artlole\of furniture oomposed of reinforoed
oonorete consisting ofW.ent and porous aggregates, sub¬
stantially as described^
An article of furniture oomposed of a plurality
of pieoes of reinforoed\oonbrete oonsisting of oement i
porous aggregates, substantially aB described.
(6)
r4u'i>'k$-4
\ 9. An article of furniture composed of a plurality
of plebes of reinforced oonoreto,. the said pieces being
providedViith means for seouring tho same together, sub¬
stantially as desorlbed.
10. In an artiole of furniture, separate pieces of
reinforoed oonore\. and moans for seouring the same to¬
gether, substantializes described.
11. In a phonogmidi cabinet, side pieoos, front'-,
and boot pieces , and a top\ieoe, some of said pieces .
being of reinforoed, oonorete, substantially as described.
12. In a phonograph cabinet^, side pieces, front
and back pieces, and a top piece. all\of said pieces being
of reinforoed concrete, substantially ^described.
13. In a phonograph cabinet, a main\frame of re
inforoed concrete and provided with members p^Jeoting
upwards at its upper corners, an upper frame hav\w a
lid and provided with moans for engaging the said in¬
jecting members, substantially as described.
(y */*-/?
ik. In a phonog\sph cabinet, vertical side pieces
vertioal front and baok pleoes, a toP Pieoe* ^ horizont
al members, (some of the said vertioal members being pro¬
vided with^je'otim^for snorting tho horizontal
members J ail of,, said pieces an\members being of rein¬
forced oonorete , substantially ad' described.
& -
r c.
Uy
~ '< ■■*?*//*.
190/
TOjib specification signet) anb toitneSSeb tijis /?^bap of
_ A- .
©atb.
State of iJeto 3ferSep
Count? of Cssex
THOMAS a. EDisoii , tbe abobe nameb
petitioner, being bul? Stuocn, beposes anb Saps tfjat fje is a citizen of tfje Uniteb
States, anb a reSibent Of Llewelljm partet v/e at Orange, Essex County,
Hew Jersey
tfjat fje berilp beliebes fjitnSelf to be tfje original, first anb sole inbentor of tfje
improbements in
CONCRETE FURNITURE
bescribeb anb claimeb in tfje annexeb Specification; that fje boes not bnob) anb
boes not beliebe tfjat tfje Same toas eber btiobm or uSeb before fjis inbention or
biScoberp tfjereof; or patenteb or bescribeb in anp printeb publication in tfje
IHniteb States of America or anp foreign countrp before bib inbention or
biScoberp tfjereof, or more tijan ttoo pears prior to this application; or patenteb
in anp countrp foreign to tfje Uniteb States on an application fileb more tfjan
ttoclbe montijs prior to tfjis application ; or in public use or on sale in tfje
IHniteb States for more tfjan ttoo pears prior to tfjis application; anb tfjat no
application for patent upon Saib inbention fjas been fileb bp fjitn or fjis legal
representatibes or assigns in anp foreign countrp.
si-
Stoorn to anb SubScribeb before me tfjis // ^ bap of 190^
I Seal |
Jilotatp -public.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON r~A$E7~24;, , 1:911.
ThomaB A. Edison, , jail
C/o Frank 1. Dyer,
Orange, H. J.
Please find below a oom.mwnioa.Uoa from the EXAMINER in eharge of your application.
Serial Ho. 639,752, filed July 21, 1911, for Concrete Eurnlture.
Claims 1 to 6 inclusvie are for a composition of
latter. Claims 7 to 14 are for an article of furniture, and a
phonograph record cabinet, specifically. Applicant is required
to divide, limiting his application to one of. these groups of claim*,:
each being for separate and distinot subject raatterB,
As showing the state of the art after a oursbry ex¬
amination see
Price, 948,770, Feb.
English Eat. 2,027,
Hills, 903,977, Hov.
Kelts , 916,326, Mar
, 8, 1910, Tables;
of 1874, Chains;
, 17, 1908, D.H. Enclosed;
23, 1909, " " "
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT ORRIOE
Thomas A. Edison
CONCRETE EURNITURE
Riled July 21, 1911
Serial No. 639,752
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OR PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Offioe aotion of
August 25, 1911, please amend the above entitled appli¬
cation as follows :-
i 6 inolusive, and substitute
1(0
1. An artiole of furnitiire having parts consisting
of oonorete composed of\oeraent and porous aggregates,
substantially as described.
2. An artiole of furniture having parts consisting
of oonorete oomposed of Portland cement and porous aggre¬
gates, substantially as described.
An artiole of furniti
a having parts consisting
of concrete composed of /oemenw and aggregates of pumioe
stone, substantially e.s desorioed.
4. An artiole of furniture having parts consisting
of concrete oomposed of Portland boment and aggregates of
(1)
5. An artioleVf furnittire havlnc pwrta oonBlatines j
of oonorete composed de o ament and porous aggregates, the
pores of the aggregate^ing substantially free from
oemont , substantially asYdesoribod.
6, An artiole of furniture having parts consisting
of oonorete oomposed of Portland oement and porous aggro-
gates, the pores' of the aggregates being substantially free
from oement, substantially akdesoribed.
Add the following olaims: -
tf-w*
\ 15. m an artiole of furniture, a pieoe or member
of reinforced oonorete having fastening means extending
through 'the reinforcing, whereby the reinforcing assists
in retaining the fastening means in place, substantially
as described. \
16. In onsrtiolo. of furniture, the combination of
a piece or memberlXconorete , an internal screw threaded
member embedded therek. a perforated member, and a screw
or bolt extending througVthe perforated member and threadecj
into the internal screw threaded member to secure the per¬
forated member to the piece or '-member of oonorete, sub¬
stantially as desdribed. \
17. In an artiole of furniture'* the combination of
pieoes or members of concrete, each havW an internal
Bcrew threaded member embedded therein, aerated member
for connecting the pieces or members of concrete together
and screws or bolts extended through the performed member
and threaded into the internal screw threaded memb^
securing the connecting member to the pieces or membe\)
oonorete, substantially as deBOribed.
(2)
""'18.,. A oabinet having vartioal members or pieoes of
oonorete, vertibally disposed tubular members molded there¬
in, and rollers for the"babinet mounted in the lower ends
of the tubular members, sub s t antiftl-ly^s s desoribed.
to W'y ^
19.. A cabinet 'having vertical , members or pieoes of
oonorete, vertically ^disposed tubular memtars molded there¬
in? and a top^pieoe or. member having reoesses adapted to
rooeive the upper ' ends of the tubular members, whereby tho
top pieoe or member/is positioned, substantially as de¬
scribed.
20. A oabinet having vartioal members or pieoes of
oonorete, ve^tioally disposed tubular members molded there¬
in, a top pieoe or^aemljor having reoesses adapted to ro¬
oeive the upper ends of thT^ttcbuiar members , whereby the
top pieoe or member is positioned, and"rei;Lers for the
oabinet mounted in the lower ends of the tubular'memb.ars^
substantially as described.
1 E 11 A E K S
The requirement for division has been oomplied
with by tho oanoellation of olaims 1 to 6 inolusive.
Applioant reserves tho right to file a divisional appli¬
cation on the subjeot matter of these olaims.
The new olaims submitted are believed to be
properly examinable with original olaims 7 to 14 inclusive.
Aotion on the merits is requested.
Hespeotfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDI S OH
By ^ dtUyj
Orange, Hew Jersey,
July 24th, 1912.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
Thomaa A. Edison, AuGust 5, 10X2.
o/o Frank L. Dyer, 'CL.
Orange, N. J. .yj^ $ |l)i;
Please find below a, communication from the EX AW HER in charge of your application.
#639, 752 filed July 21, 1911 for Concrete Furniture.
Amendment of July 25, 1912 is of record.
Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are rejected ae aggre¬
gations as the particular oharaoter of the cement used in no
way cooperates with. the structure of the furnituro. The compo¬
sition of the cement is in itself subjeot matter of invention.
• C - c/
See Bande 299,810, June 3, 1884 and Parohull 323,722, Aug. 4,
1886, class 106-24-fr.
Claims 1 to 8, inclusive, are rejected ao mot in terras
hy Prieo of record in view of Purshall and Lande citod.
ClaimB 9 and 10 read directly upon Price of reoord and
are rejected.
Claims 11 and 12 are rejeoted on Kelts or Hills of record
in view of Prioe. To construct the oabinet of Keltz or Hills of
cement would be suggested by Price. /
Claims 13, 14 and 19 are rejeoted on Faust 836,608, Nov.
13, 1906 or Myers 262,053, Jan. 10, 1882. Book oases, Knook
Down in view of Prioe. All applicant has done is substitute
cement for wood in Myers or Faust which would be suggested by
Prioe. To imbed member D\,of Myers or F of Faust in oement is
not invention,
Claims 18 and 20 do not distinguish over the above references
and reaoons and moreover are aggregations as the oastero do not
cooperate with the other structure set forth.
Claims 15. 16 and 17 are rejected on Reinle 701,816, June
o v
3, 1902, or Paulle, 760,805, May 24, 1904, show oases, in view
/os'
of White 875,396, Deo. 31, 1907 or Craig 977,710, Deo. 6, 1910,
Class 72-105. ^
See also Donaldson 641,942, Jan. 23, 1900 and Smith 507,562,
Oot. 31, 1893, Claus 72-20.
To substitute ooment for the material, glass, used in Paulle
or Reinle using the bonding moans of White or Craig would not in¬
volve invention.
All the olaims are rejected.
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
THOMAS A. EDISON, )
CONCRETE FURNITURE, )
Filed July 21, 1911,)
Serial No. 639,752. )
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
August 5, 1912,
jase amend the abo1
Cancel claims 9 to 13 inclusive.
Claim 14, line 4, after "with" i:
number this claim i
3 10 to 18 inclusive,
m3 extending thereabove -
Add the following claim:
/ In an artiole of furniture, the combinatior
of a piece or member of reinforced concrete, a pair of
washers imbedded in said piece or member, one washer on
either side of the reinforcing, an internal screw
threaded member embedded in said pieoo or member adjacent
one of said washers, and a screw or bolt threaded through
the washers and the reinforcing and into said internal
screw threaded member, said screw or bolt being partially
embedded in said piece or member and extending outwardly
therefrom, substantially as described.
REMARKS
It is submitted that claims 1 to 8 are not
aggregations as they merely describe an article composed
of a certain material or an article having, parts or pieoos
composed of such material. There is certainly no
aggregation of elements in any of these claims. The issue
with respect to these olaims should apparently be whether j
invention is involved in making an article of furnituro, j
or parts thereof, of the special kind of concrete specified.!.
Applicant strongly contends that the use of such a concrete
for this purpose does involve invention. *n the first
place no reference has been cited whioh discloses an
article of furniture constructed of concrete consisting
of cement and porous aggregates. Moreover, no reference
has been cited which even discloses a concrete consisting
of cement and porous aggregates. In the concrete dis¬
closed by both Parshall and Lande< of record, the pumice
stone and slag are pulverized or reduoed to a fine powder arid
do not exist in the concrete as porous aggregates. A
concrete such as disclosed in those patents would, therefor*',
be very heavy and compact and its uso in the manufacture
of articles of household furnituro would be impracticable
as such articles would be entirely too heavy and
cumbersome. The combining of the substances as described
by Parshall results in a materiul of stiff consistency
whioh is not oapable of being poured . , as is the case with
the ooncrote mixture disolosed by applicant, but is applied
with a trowel or the like. She fine pulverizing of the
, ... _ osition and the slag of
pumice stone of Parshall' s comps
lande's composition serves to destroy the porous structure
thereof and renders it impossible to obtain a concrete
of the requisite lightness. The oonorete of lands is
adapted for use only in mulcing heavy articles such us the
part honoh disolosed hy Price ,and not for articles such
as household furniture which are frequently moved from
place to place. As Bet forth in the last four lines
of page 1 and the first six lines of page 2, the greater
part of the hulk of applicant's concrete .after it has been
hardoned and the water has been driven out .consists of air
spaces and such concrete is only a little hoavicr than wood
As the Examiner is doubtless aware. there are numerous
decisions to the offset that where the substitution of one
material for another results in a superior product and
simplifies and cheapens the manufacture of such product,
such substitution amounts to invention. The following
extracts from decisions on this point are cited by way of j
example:
I « "The substitution of one material for another may
amount to invention where a superior product results
from the substitution."
Eureka Blotter Bath Company vs. Hicholas et al.
157 P. 556.
"The use of a different material in constructing
an article previously patented involves invention wnere
it produces a useful result, increased efficiency, or a
deoided saving in operation." . ^ . _
George Frost Co. et al. vs. Samstag et al.
180 F. 739.
"The substitution of one material for another
involves invention where the substituted material is used
in a rolation in which it had not before Been used and . _
in which it accomplished new and very beneficial results.
119 F. 505.
The use of applicant's concrete as described results
in an article of furniture which, while only a little
heavier than wood, is much stronger and more durable than
wooid. Moreover, the manufacture of such artioleB is rend
much simpler and cheaper than where wood is used.
:!red
3
Claim 9, (former claim 14) as now presented, is believed
to clearly differentiate from Faust, Myers and ^riee 0f
record. (Hone of these patents discloses vertloal members /
of reinforced oonorete provided with integral promotions
for supporting the horizontal members. Moreover, none
of these references discloses a phonograph cabinet.
. Claim 10 (former claim 19) clearly distinguishes from
the references of record by specifying that the vertically
disposed tubular members are molded in the vortical mcmberB
of concrete and extend thereabove, and that the top piece j
is provided with recesses adapted to receive the upper ends \
of the tubular members whereby tho top piece is positioned. |
By the construction describod in this claim, the cabinet may
be much more easily assembled than tho structure disclosed
in either Faust or Myers.
Hew claim 11 presented herewith is drawn specifically
to the construction and arrangement of the securing moans
provided in oach of several members of the cabinet described
in tho specification .whereby thoBe members may be readily
secured together, fhis claim is believed to be clearly
patentable over the references of record.
For the above reasons, further consideration and
allowance of the claims as now presented are requested.
Hespeotfully submitted.
inoHAS a. ed id cm
By X- „
'ttorney/
Orange, Hew Jersey,
August 2-j 1913.
V/AH-KGK
-20
CMR/AHS
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFRIOE t
-Thomaa- A...BdlBon, -j»6a9 ,752^.. .-C.Qnax.etfl.J'.iArnitu]
lendment of Aug. 4, 1913.
Reinstein (British) 25,108 of
It’ is 'believod that ' the \i
kind instead of the ordinary o
tion of materials and nothing n
i of a'ctribrete of,ua ' part loular
an article of furniture light, it would not be invention-
to choose any of the old and well known aggregations, such as
ground slag* pumioe stone, instead of stone. Whether suoh
aggregat fesn be whole.pr ground is not regarded as a matter of
patentability at all, but of ohoioe. The ground pumioe stone
would _
or slag certainly v'/i. not lose materially its property of I
lightness, that Is, the speoifio gravity thereof Wcibld^iiot U
be materially affected by grinding, because it is considered \
the pumioe stone in its divided state v/ould still be porous,
that is; every partiole thereof no matter how small would stilly
be honeyoombed. It is believed the only way whereby the spe¬
oifio gravity of suoh' substance could be materially increased
would be by great compression. Thisis true of ground ooke
in the manufacture of electric light oarbons. It is not seen
639,752 - 2
why the name could not hold in a similar substance, as pumioe
stone.
Furthermore, it is not believed necessary necessary to
show an article of furniture made of porous aggregate and
oement, for the reasons that aggregates of suoh oomposltion
are old in the references of reoord, and for the reason that
furniture has been made of paper or papier maohe, oonorete,
or stone-like compositions , as may be seen in the English patent
to Peinstein, or Price, of reoord.
Claim 1 is therefore rejected on Prioe, of reoord,
or upon the new reference to Heinstein, in view of Parshall
or Laude, of reoord.
Claims 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, andS are rejeoted upon the same
referenoes. It is believed that applicant has nothing patent-
able in the use of this particular kind of oomposition in an
artiole of furniture over ordinary oonorete, and that the in¬
vention lies in the oomposition per se or in the specific
struoture of the artiole itself_
Claim 9, as amended, fails to define anything patentable
over the olaim as originally presented and it is therefore re¬
jected on the referenoes of reoord for the reasons of reoord.
Claim 10 is rejeoted upon the same references.
Claim 11 is not believed complete. The member whioh
ooaots with the sorew or bolt to provide an attachment or oon- 7
neotion with other adjaoent pieces should be set forth.
The olaim may then be allowed.
Examiner Div. 33
IJJ THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison
CONCRETE FURNITURE
Room No . 131
Filed July 21, 1911
Serial No. 639,762
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIRS
In response to the Offioe aotion of
September 13, 1913, please amend the above entitled oase
as follows
Page 2, line 24, after "are" insert - enlarged
Line 26, oanoel "a seotion" and insert -"an enlarged seotioi -
al view - . line 28, oanoel "a", first ooourrenoe, and
insert -''an enlarged - .
Page 3, lines 2, 4 and 6, oanoel "a", first ooour-
J
renoe, and insert - an. enlarged • - . ^
Page 4, line 4, after "reoess" insert - 13 - .
Oanoel olaims 1 to 10 inolusive and renumber
olaim 11 as olaim 1.
Add the following olaims: -
I2» The oomblnation of a piece of reinforced )V
oonorete, a perforated member embedded in said pieoe ad-
jaoent the reinforoing, an Internal sorew threaded member
imbedded in said pieoe adjaoent the reinforoing, and a
Borew or bolt extending through said perforated member and
the reinforoing and threaded into said internal sorew
threaded member, said sorew or bolt extending outwardly
from said pieoe, substantially as desoribed.
(1)
II
13. Che combination of a plane of reinforced . 1.
oonorete, a perforated member embedded in said pieoe ad-
jaoent the reinforoing, and a sorew or bolt extending
through said perforated member and the reinforoing and
having one end portion disposed within saia pieoe and the
other end portion extending outwardly from Baia pieoe, the
end of the sorew or bolt within said pieoe being provided
with means ooaoting with said perforated member ana tbe
reinforoing to prevent outward movement of the sorew or
bolt with respeot to saia pieoe, substantially as described.
4. The oombinatlon of a pieoe of reinforced ;
oonorete, a pair of washers embedded in said pieoe, one on
either side of the reinforoing, and a sorew or bolt extend¬
ing through said washers and the reinforoing and having one
portion disposed within saia pieoe and the other end por¬
tion extending outwardly from said pieoe, the end of the
sorew or bolt within saia pieoe being provided with means
ooaoting with saia washers ana the reinforoing to prevent
outward movement of the sorew or bolt with respeot to saia
pieoe, substantially as desoribed.
REMARKS
It is thought that the objeotion to olaim 1,
former olaim 11, made in the last Offloe action is unwar¬
ranted. It does not seem necessary to inoluae in this
olaim the member (shown in the drawing as angle iron 19)
whloh ooaots with the sorew or bolt to provide an attach¬
ment or oonneotion with an adjaoent pieoe , as this menber.
before the assembling of the pieoeB, is not neoessarily
seourei to either of them, as will be evident from a perus¬
al of lines 20 to 29, page 4 of the speoifioation. The
Examiner is aoooraingly requested to waive the objection
to this claim.
Hew claims 2 to 4, which are drawn along the
lines of present olaim 1, are believed to be dearly allow
able ana are thought neoessary to adequately proteot appli
cant in his Invention.
An allowance of this application is requested.
Eespeotfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDI SOH
By
His Attorney
Orange, Hew Jersey
September 2, 1914
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASH I NGTON
Prank L. Dyer, .
. QrnnBft,..K.J......
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
. . 8er.;..Ho...fl39l7.52i . t lied July 21 ,1911 ;
. O.QncirB.1;.Q...Pu.rpiture. . .
- - -
Commissioner of Patents. U
Penponelve to amendment of Sept. 3, 1914.
In addition to the reforenoeB of record, preeent claim 1,
former 11, 3« rejected on
Kelly, 358,203, Feh. 22, 1887, 72-120.
Kew clalme 2, 3 and 4 are rejeoted on the "tune referenoe.
Examiner, Div • 33
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 767 Phonographs
Serial#: 639716
Primary Applicant: Moore, Sherwood T
Date Executed: 7/1 9/1911
Folio No..!
Serial
Applicant. Address.
/iJ,\Vvmrrr{ , . Si...,. .
tUyJs . Asfr... . yhisi--/
Title Q..
Fiied^U^/ P-'-Ll'l: .
Assignee J- , >2ue ■
Examiner’s Room No..
Ass’g’t Exec.
Patent No.
fU'- Recorded/^^...?..'-'f^. Liber dLlJ. . Page
, -£*■#&> Jt/Lt- %/.%/{' . ns
2 QUmtrs . 17
:i IOl^uc&~cL, AijL/' . J’ 7 is
J .
FRANK L. DYER,
Counsel,
;e, New Jersey.
petition
Co tije Commissioner of patents:
£?our petitioner shehwood t. moorts,
a citizen of the ®niteb states, reSibing anb ijabing a #oSt Office abbreSS at
|l49 High street, West Orange, in the county of isse* and State
• of New jersey,
praps mat letters patent map be granteb to fjim for tJje improbements in
PHONOGRAPHS
set fortij in tlje annexeb Specification; anb fee feerebp appoints JfranU %. ©per
(Registration £o. 560), of Orange, iJelu 3TerSep, IjiS attornep, tantfe full
potajer of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tijis application, to malic
alterations anb amenbments therein, to receibe tije patent, anb to transact aU
business in tije patent Office connected tijeretuitf).
-SPECIFICATION
TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:
B IT KNOWN , that I, SHERWOOD T. MOORE, a
| citizen of the United States and a resident of West Orange,
\ in the County of Essex and State of New Jersey, have made
1 oertain new and useful invention in PHONOGRAPHS, of which
| ,
| the following is a description:
my invention relates to phonographB and more |
particularly to an improved stylus mounting therefor. j
In order to obtain a large volume, it iB deBir- j
? able to employ a heavy reproducer or floating weight and j
j a record material of considerable hardneBS. Such a j
;j record material wears away the usual sapphire stylus to j
| a considerable extent so that it is extremely desirable to j
I employ a stylus made of an extremely hard material such
j| as diamond; but, while diamond has been suggested for
| this use there have been difficulties attending the mounting
\ of the same in an economical and efficient manner. The
| principal object of my invention is to provide an improved
j! mounting whereby the ordinary diamond splints which may
S bo obtained in the market may be cheaply and firmly secured
| m place in their supports. Other objects of my invention
Liu appear more fully in the following specification and
appended claims :
In order that my invention way be more fully
|j understood, attention is hereby directed to the accompanying
ij drawing forming a part of this specification and in which
Pig. 1 represents the side elevation of a reprodue
| provided with a stylus lever having a stylus mounted therein
!j according to iry invention;
I Pig. 2 represents a Bide elevation of a block of
| material from which the stylus lever is to be for-ied, a
| stylus being mounted in place therein and the outline of
I the lever being indicated in dotted lines;
Pig. 3 represents a bottom plan view of the sane,
j| the outline of the stylus lever being likewise shown in
I" dotted lines;
Pig. 4 represents a vertical cross-sectional
I view of the stylus mounting taken by a plane extending
! through the centre of tho opening in which the stylus is
secured; and
Pig. 5 represents a central vertical sectional
view taken at right angles to that shown in Figure 4.
In all of the views, like parts are designated
hy the same reference numerals.
Referring to the dravrings, my improved stylus is
formed from a diamond splint indicated at 3.. Splints
|| such as that illustrated in suitable size may be obtained
f in the market and are of various shapes being more or less
I irregular and rough in appearance. In the formation of
jj the stylus from such a splint, I prepare only one end
of the splint since the roughness and irregularity of the
| body thereof are of advantage in seouring the splint in
place. Having obtained the Bplint, I form the same with
|a tapered end 2 having a rounded point _3 adapted to travel
I in the groove of a sound record. The tapered end of the
stylus may he formed in any suitable way, as for example,
2
jj by the method set forth in the application of Thomas A.
; -Edison, Serial Ho. 551,128, filed on 7*arch 23, 1910.
After the splint 1 has been formed as described
above, an opening £ is formed in a block £ of the material
from v/hich the stylus lever is to be formed, this opening
being preferably of such a size that the stylus when
Inserted therein engages the upper and side walls thereof;
j so that it will not readily work loose in use. A slot
j| or kerf £ is then formed in said block so as to intersect
I'1 the opening 4. This slot is preferably made of consider¬
able length and depth so as to form a channel extending
about the stylus from one side to the opposite side thereof i
I! As shown in the drawings, an open slot is formed in a
I quasi-segmental form in the forward lower end of the lever.
The stylus having been mounted in the opening £ so as to
I rest in engagement with the upper and side walls thereof,
solder or braze is applied to the slot or kerf £ and the
I opening £ so as to braze the stylus in place. Any suitable
solder or braze may be used for this purpose. By means
of the slot £, this solder is permitted to flow freely
I about the stylus into the opening £ so that the stylus is
I securely held or anchored in place. I next cut away the
j superfluous material of the block on the dotted lines
indicated in Figures 2 and 3 to form the stylys lever into
the proper shape. Obviously, however, the stylus lever mig
be formed of the desired shape before the stylus is mounted
therein.
In Figure 1, I have shown my improved stylus
mounting applied to a reproducer of a type described and
claimed in the application of Thomas A. "Edison, Serial Ho.
3
1 627,139 2 filed on yay 18, 1911. in this figure, 7
represents the stylus lever which is pivotally mounted
i! on a floating weight 8 supported from the diaphragm casing
j| 9 as hy a spring 10. The numeral 11 represents the
|| connection between the stylus lever and diaphragm. My
j| invention may obviously be applied to any other type of
i| reproducer than that shown.
i1 while i have shown a preferred embodiment of
S my invention, numerous modifications fall within the
!| scope of the same. I wish, therefore, not to be limited
to the exact details shown and described, hut what I claim
'! and desire to protect by letters Patent is as follov/s;
j: 1. As a new article of ira.nuf ac ture , a stylus lever
ji having a stylus brazed therein, substantially as described,
! 2. In a device of the class described, a stylus
| support having an opening therein and a stylus soldered
I; in said opening, the said support having also a recess
i intersecting said opening to- ensure a proper distribution
jj of the solder about said stylus, substantially as described
3. In a device of the class described, a stylus
support, having an opening therein and a diamond stylus
having an irregular unfinished portion brazed in said
opening, the said support having also a slot or kerf inter¬
secting said opening and extending to the exterior of
said support to ensure a proper distribution of the braze
or solder about said stylus, substantially as described.
4. In a device of the class described, a stylus
support, having an opening therein and a diamond styluG
having an irregular unfinished portion brazed in aaid
opening und engaging the walls thereof, the said support
having also a slot or kerf intersecting said opening and
extending to the exterior of said support to ensure a
proper distribution of the braze or solder about said stylus
jj substantially as described.
|
tie,,.
\
The method of mounting a stylus in the support
I which consists in forming in the support an opening to
jj receive Vhe stylus and a slot intersecting said opening,
jj placing the stylus in the opening in the support, and
ji applying solder to said opening and slot to secure the
jj stylus in position, substantially as described.
6. The Vaethod of mounting a styl"s in its support
which consists 'in forcing in the support an opening of a
size adapting the body of the stylus to approximately fit
the same and also\a slot intersecting said opening, placing
the body of the stylus in the opening in the support, and
(applying solder to said opening and slot to Becure the
Btylus in position, substantially as described.
j 7 . The method ofWounting a stylus in its' support
jiwhich consists in forming in the support an opening provided
jjwith an end wall, said opening being of a size adapting the
body of the stylus to approximately fit the same, forming
slot intersecting said opening, placing the body of the
jstylus in the opening in the support in engagement with
'paid end wall , and applying solder to said opening and slot
j|to secure the stylus in position1, substantially as described
1
I!
'fjis Specification Signeb anb toitncsseb tfjis / y bay oy^^y 1907
«/■_ . '^Vtsm—n^c _
2 ..Z^v-frr
©atb.
g>tatc of J!elu Jersey 1
County of CSSex
sherwood t. hoorts , tfjc abobe nameb
petitioner, being bulp stoorn, beposes anb saps tfjat ije is a citizen of tfje ©niteb
States, anb a reSibent Of West Orange, RBsex Oounty, New Jersey
tfjat fje berilp beliebes fjimself to be tfje original, first anb Sole inbentor of tlje
improbements in phonographs
beScribeb anb claitneb in tfje annexeb Specification; tfjat fje boes not fenoto anb
boes not beliebe tfjat tfje Same bias eber fenoton or uscb before fjis inbention or
biscoberp tfjereof; or patcuteb or beScribeb in anp printeb publication in tfje
®niteb states of America or anp foreign country before fjis inbention or
biscoberp tfjereof, or more tjjan tbio pears prior to tfjis application; or patenteb
in anp country foreign to tlje Uniteb States on an application fileb more tfjan
ttoelbe montfjs prior to tfjis application ; or in public use or on sale in tfje
Uniteb States for more tfjan ttuo pears prior to tfjis application ; anb tfjat no
application for patent upon saib inbention fjas been fileb bp fjim or fjis legal
representatibes or assigns in anp foreign country.
££>b)orn to anb subscribeb before me tfjis tf/ bap of^^y 19^
r^eal]
*■*' ' 'Jiotarp' public.
1‘leme find below a commu.nUa.tion from the EXAMINER in oharge of your application.
for Phonographs, filed July 21, 1911, serial number 439,710.
Claims 1 to 4 inclusive are drawn to a article while claims
.1 to 7 xx inclusive are drawn to a method. Inasmuch as the
article could he produ ed hy other methods than that claimed
the article and the method arc held to nh ho separate invent 3 ons
and division is required according to the provisions of rule 42.
In omen ding this ease applicant should consult.
Edison Aug. 7, 1900, • £55,460 (101-10-)
Edison June 17, 1090 450,270 (1S1-10)
Macdonald Oct. ’21, 1902 711,706 (101-2)
EnglBsh potent to Junghenkor nt al, way 31, 1902
12,456, (181-11) English patent to Oakford, Sept. 26,
1903 20,768, (181010).
c/
IH THE UNIT3D STATUS PATENT OFFICE
Sherwood T. No ore
fEOSO GRAPHS
Filed July 81, 1911
Serial Ho. 659,716
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Office notion of
September 9, 1911, please amend the above entitled oase as
follows : -
Cancel claims 5 to 7 inclusive.
R E U A R K S
The Examiner’s requirement for division has
been complied with, and aotion on the merits of the claims
now in the case is respectfully roquested. The right is
reserved to file a divisional application on the subject
matter of the oanoeled olairos.
Rcspeotfully submitted ,
S TER WOOD T. MOORE i
His Attorney
Orange , ITew Jersey
August , 1912.
2-3r «°°m . 371
J.H.i>.-Sut.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
WASHINGTON
Sherwood T. Moore,
Care Prank L. Dyer,
Orange, New Jersey .
asc find below a communication, from the EXAMINER in charge of your application.
I 0,S. PATPT OFFICE,
SEP 271912
1 MAILED^,
for Phonographs, filed July 21, 1911, serial number 639,716 .
Claim 1 is rejeoted upon Jetter,July 30,1912,
#1,034,387, (181-11), also upon either Edison of record or Heady
May 15,1906, #020,926, (101-11), or Levin, qept. 19,1911, #1,003,-
474, (181-11), Soldering is held to he the patentahlo equivalent
of cement ing.
Claim 2 is rejected upon Jotter, Levin or Head for the reasons
given.
Claims 3 and 4 are rejected upon the references and reasons
given in view of any diamond stylus as in Jungbeoker of record.
No invention is found in previd.trtg^rougli surface on the
diamond as such is a common expedient in cementing and soldering
when a strong connection is desired .
... J$W. !<-«,«, J ._.
OLt-j . <y>^ SLcfl cLt^u_tnt<?^
_ LCj&- \OuJ J-C(Ljfi>e.e> <0-M
SjsjLctf* L-gJL£jl*v i
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 770 Electroplating Apparatus
U.S. Patent#: 1016875
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed:
7/24/1911
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 772 Storage Battery Motor Sets
Serial #: 642072
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 8/1/1911
Folio No.J7 7<3i .
Serial NoAilr£,...e>~7~2j
Applicant.
: enyt.
Address.
Title
C
Filed .ikcf. <$
Assignee
Ass’g’t Exec . Recorded . Liber Page
Patent Issued . . : V-L. A.. .* .
ACTIONS.
_ '?» . sAh^sT... . .
/f //, . Examiner’s Room No. /OS
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a t£L Hj^sdtJL Jfanr. ? ■ 17
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&
in
FRANK -fa:— DVBR,
Counsel, As
Orange, New Jersey.
Petition.
TEo tf)t Commissioner of patents:
gout petitioner thomas a. edisoit
a citizen of tije fHnitcb States, resibing anb Ijabing a Post ©ffice abbreSS at
Llewellyn Park, V/est Orange, Esae-x: County, New Jersey
praps tfjat letters patent map be granteb to bint for tfte improbements in
STORAGE BATTERY-MOTOR SETS
get fortfj in tlje annexeb Specification ; anb fje fjerebp appoints jFranU TL. ©per
(Registration i?o. 560), of ©range, i2eto Jersep, Ijis attornep, toitlj full
potocr of Substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tljis application, to malte
alterations anb antenbments therein, to receibe tlje patent, anb to transact all
business in tlje Patent ©ffice connected tberetoitf).
SPECIFICATION
S TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:- I
BE IT HNOWH, that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a oitizen
of the United States and a resident of Llewellyn Park, j
| west Orange, Essex County, Hew Jersey, have invented oer-
Itain new and useful improvements in STORAGE BATTERY -MOTOR
SETS, of whioh the following is a specification: -
My invention relates to storage battery-motor set
!j particularly to apparatus of this oharaoter intended foz
|| use upon vehicles for the propulsion of the same. The ob-
Ijeot of my invention is to produoe apparatus of this kind
oapable of being supplied at a muoh lower ooBt than hereto¬
fore, and more particularly to reduoe the initial oost of
eleotrio delivery wagons so as to bring them within the
ImeanB of small dealers who deliver artioles from their
stores to their customers.
The present practice in the manufacture of eleo-
trioally driven vehioles, suoh as truoks and automobiles,
| is to use a relatively large mimber of oells and high volt-
Iage. For example, the voltages hitherto used in ordinary
praotioe range from 40 to 50 volts for the small eleotrio
runabouts to as high as 75 to 80 volts for the large motor-
driven truoks. In order to obtain suoh voltageB, a com¬
paratively large number of storage battery oells are re¬
quired. Suoh an equipment is liable to troubles from
(1)
grounds or leakage in the wiring, batteries or motors, on
aooount of the relatively high voltages employed , and is
unneoessarily expensive. I have found that by oertain
modifications of the motor oonstruotion, a storage battery
of muoh lower voltage onn be used effioiently for the above
purpose, thus seouring a relatively inexpensive equipment
and all the advantages of a low voltage at the battery and
motor.
My invention oonsists in the employment of a
relatively small number of’ storage battery oeils oapablo of
disoharging at a very high rate without injury to the bat¬
tery, and in a radical departure from the ordinary design
of motors, in order to adapt them to the high discharge rat j
batteries and to enable them to be effioiently operated by
a relatively small number of oeils, particularly where the
vehicles are to be used on roads having excessive grades
and necessitating greatly increased power at times. In
ordinary praotioe.the battery employed is more expensive
than the motor, and it is consequently very desirable to
diminish the number of oeils of the battery to a minimum,
and this may be done by modifying the design of the motor
in suoh a way that although its oost is inoreased, the add¬
ed oost will be but a fraotion of tbe oost of the battery
suoh as is ordinarily employed with a motor designed ao-
oording to ordinary praotioe. Inasmuoh as a relatively
low voltage battery is to be used, the motor must be de¬
signed to oarry safely a very large ourrent and to stand
a considerable overload for long periods of time. The
motor in my improved storage battery-motor set is oonstruo-
ted of abnormally low internal resistance, and all of the
current-carrying oonduotors are abnormally large in oross
(2)
aeotion. The motor armature and commutator have an ah-
normal design aa related to eaoh other. Instead of the
length of the commutator being less than the length of the
armature, as is customary in ordinary praotioe, the commu¬
tator is made equal to or greater than, and preferably
| substantially twice as long as the armature. The brush
I' area for talcing off the current is two or more times great¬
er than in ordinary design, so that the loss in voltage
when ascending steep grades is not greater than the loss
in voltage on the level in the case of a motor of ordinary
design. The amount of oopper used to energise the field
is made double or nearly so that employed in motors as
ordinarily designed. By employment of my invention. I
| have constructed a twenty-volt motor suitable for pro-
J peiimg a 1500 lb. delivery wagon, and the extra expense
S of the lengthened commutator and extra oopper in the wind-
Iings is more than overcome by saving of a number of oells
of storage battery oosting three or more times as much.
My improved motor is so designed that the heating is enor¬
mously diminished, sparicing is eliminated, and the whole
combination of battery and motor is o^hejnost effective
and reliable character. The alkaline^or Edison type of
storage battery is particularly adapted for use in a
, storage battery-motor set of this character, because this
jj type of battery is capable of discharging at an enormously
high rate without injury to the battery. For example,
batteries of this type stand repeated discharges at 240
amperes, or 300 percent more than normal. As is well
lcnown, discharge rates above normal are very injurious to
batteries of the lead type. I prefer to make use of a
(3)
battery of oelln of the Edison type in which the thiokness
of the pookets ana the diameter of the tubes have keen
reduo ed so as to permit an inoreasea number of plates to
oooupy a given space and thereby afford an increased area
of aotive surfaoe per unit of volume or weight.
I have illustrated one embodiment of my inven¬
tion in the drawings whioh aooompany and form a part of
this specification, ana in whioh -
Figure 1 is a plan view of the running gear of
a vehicle equipped with my improved storage battery-motor
set; and
Figure 2 is a view partly in longitudinal seotior
through the motor.
Throughout the several views of the drawing, like
reference characters are employed to designate like parts.
Referring to the drawings, a set of storage bat¬
teries 1 connected in series by suitable connectors 2 is
shown. The motor is shown at 3 and is connected in aerie*
with the battery by conductors 4 and 5. A controller 6
of ordinary construction Is provided in one of the con¬
ductors, as for example , 5. The outline of the body of
the vehiole is shown at 7. and the storage battery may be
carried in the said body. The wheels of the vehicle are
shown at 8, 9, 10 and 11. The motor 3 is mounted in any
suitable manner upon the running gear 12. The motor 3
is provided with a sprocket wheel 14 secured to its shaft.
A oounter shaft 15 is revolubly mounted in bearings 15' on
the running gear. The countershaft 15 is provided with
sprocket wheels 16, 17 and 18 secured thereto. The sproo.
(4)
tot wheel 17 is situated in line with the sprocket wheel 14
of the motor and the chain drive 19 is provided for driving
! the sprocket wheel 1? the sprocket wheel 14-
j vehicle wheel 8 has secured to it and concentrically there-
with a sprocket wheel 22. the vohiole v?hoel ^ *** BS"
cured to it and concentrically therewith a sprocket wheel
23. The chain drive 21 connects the sprocket wheels 22
18 and the chain drive 20 connects the sprocket wheels
23 sna 16. Any other suitable form of mechanism may be
utilised for driving the vehicle wheels 8 and 10 from the
I motor 3.
The motor comprises a casing 30 provided with
bearings 31 and 32 in which the shaft 33 is journaled,
j Pole pieces 34, preferably of laminated iron, are mounted
I m the casing in any suitable manner, and these pole pieces
are provided with field windings 35 preferably of heavy
copper strip. She motor illustrated is a two-pole motor.
The armature core 36 preferably of laminated iron is
1 mounted upon shaft 33 and carries the armature windings
j 37. The armature winding has preferably not more than
j one turn of wire per coil. The commutator segments 38
are mounted upon the shaft 33 and are suitably connected
to the armature windings 37. Brushes 39 . preferably of
oarbon. are provided and are supported in brush holders 40-
The brush holders 40 are provided with binding posts 41 or
other suitable means for connecting the motor to the oon-
ductors 4 and 5. The motor is preferably series connectedl
!| The abnormal length of commutator as compared with the length
of armature is evident from an inspection of Figure 2, and
it will also be noted that a relatively large brush area
(5)
Iie provided. Inasmuch as there ie only one turn per
ooil of the armature, the voltage between the segments
of the armature is reduoed to a very small amount in a
20-volt winding, and therefore, there is no tandenoy what¬
ever to spark or flash under heavy loads.
Aotual servioe conditions show that an eleotrio
! vehiole having a normally low current of say 75 ampereB
I when running on the level, may roquire from 200 to 250
I amperes when olimbing, or on bad roads. A motor of ord¬
inary design with a relatively small commutator and light
I winding in the armature and field iB very liable to break
|j down or burn out. A motor oonotruoted in aooordanoe with
| my invention will withstand these extreme conditions of
I !! overloading without any difficulty whatever, owing to the
low voltage and large oroas seotion of oonduotors used.
My improved motor may be exposed to water and extreme weath
er oonditions without any damage whatever, and furthermore,
a motor of this oharaoter is well adapted for continuous
use in unskilled hands. Owing to the low voltage used in
my improved system, it is not neoessary that the motor be
made completely water tight. It may bo left relatively
open so that aotive and free ventilation on all parts of
commutator
the winding and the ma.tax is permitted. This is a valu¬
able feature when the motor is subjected to heavy and
continuous overloading, for. in suoh a oeae a oompletely
enolosed motor is liable to damage from overheating, while
an open motor is not injured.
Iln apparatus embodying my invention which I
have had constructed and tested, a delivery wagon was
(6)
equipped with a battery of 16 A-8 Edison oells, the voltage
of whioh varied from about 18 volts to IS during the tests,
the total weight of the outfit was about S310 pounds, and
the internal resistanoe of the motor was about .026 ohmB.
Having now described my invention, what I claim
and desire to protoot by Letters Patent of tho United
States is as follows :-
0 \ 1. In a storage battery-motor set, the combination
with\m oleotrio motor having an abnormally extended area
of bru^h oontaot at tho commutator, and a storage battery
eleotrioally oonneoted to said motor and oapable of enor¬
mously high\lisoharge rates, substantially as and for the
purposes set fqrth.
2. In a storage battery-motor sot, the combination
of 8n eleotrio motor, of abnormally low internal resistanoe
and with an abnormallyiext ended area of brush oontaot at
tho commutator, and a stWage battery eleotrioally connec¬
ted therewith and oapable of an enormously high discharge
rate, substantially aB and for the purposes set forth.
3. In a storage battery -nuxtor set, the combination
of ah’ oleotrio motor having an abnormally extended area of
brush oontaot with tho oommi
"A/"- x
of-th«-B«-iaon-type eleotrioally oonneoted thorewith, sub¬
stantially as and for tho purposes sot forth.
4. An eleotrio_ motor for
sets, oomprising an armature and field, and a oc
i with storh^e battery
oonneoted to the armature and of a length substantial]
same or greater than the armature, as and for th^
purposes set forth.
m
II
NS. An eleotrio motor for nee with storage battery
seta comprising. a field, tho windings of whxoh are insul¬
ated copper Strips of abnormally low resistance , and an
armature mounted rotate with rospeot to tho field, and
a oommutator connected to the armature of a length sub¬
stantially equal to or greater than the armature, as and
for the purposes set forth.
6. In a Btorage battery-mo wr set , the combination
of an eleotrio motor having field and armature windings
of abnormally large oross seotion, and a sWrage battery
oleotrioally connected therewith and oapable oi\an enor¬
mously high discharge rate, substantially as and for* the
purposes set forth. \
.. ... . .. .* 7
J,yu^h &- f/fy/y- " ' ? 2-
C_ - ^ - ^VA- "
ZW specification Signet) anti tmtneSSetj tljis bap of
_ \Frut-a . lif fcfu »
l ■ tZltAst/U'1 .
2 _ ^ ^ _
©atb.
State of Jlebi f ersep
Countp of (Essex
thomas a. edisoh , tfje abobe nameb
petitioner, being bulp Sbiorn, bepoSeS anb saps tijat ije is a citizen of tfje fHniteb
States, anb a resibent of Llewellyn Park, West Orange, ES3G.C County
New Jersey
tijat ije berilp beliebes ijimSelf to be tije original, first anb Sole inbentor of tfje
improbements in
STOKACE BATTERY -MOTOR SETS
beseribeb anb claimeb in tfje annexeb Specification; tijat ije boeS not fenoto anb
boes not beliebe tijat tije same bias ebec fenobm or useb before ijis inbention or
biscoberp tijereof; or patenteb or beseribeb in anp printeb publication in tfje
Uniteb States of America or anp foreign countrp before ijis inbention or
biscoberp tijereof, or more tijan tbio pears prior to tijis application; or patenteb
in anp countrp foreign to tije Uniteb States on an application fileb more ttjan
tbiclbe montijs prior to tijis application ; or in public use or on sale in tije
Huitcb States for more tijan tbio pears prior to tijis application ; anb tijat no
application for patent upon Saib inbention ijas been fileb bp ijirn or ijis legal
representatibes or assigns in anp foreign countrp.
_ <TjL<s £>oU*^: _ _
Sbiorn to anb subscribeb before me tijis ' # bap of A*f***"\W
Jlotarp public.
[Seall
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
Thomas A. Edison,
o/o Prank L. Dyer,
Orange, Hew Jersey.
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of yonrUppUcation.
G42 072rttSe Battery_Motor SstB» filed Aug. 3, 1911, Serial No.
_ _ Commissioner of Patents.
Claims 1, 2 and 6 are rejected as manifest aggregations of a
motor and a storage battery. If a storage battery is only capable
of furnishing one and a half volts there would furthermore bo no
invention required to select a translating device adapted to run
in connection therewith; it would bo the only obvious thing to do.
Aside from the merits involved theoe claims are essentially vague
and indefinite, - "abnormally extended area" (claim l) and "abnor¬
mally low internal resistance" (claim 2) do not mean anything struc¬
turally, and in claim 3 "battery of the Edison type", besides the
same objection of indefiniteness, presents the further objection
that the Office does not understand what type 1b meant, and, more¬
over, whatever is now meant it would probably bo Bubject to change
and variation as the art advances.
Claims 3, 4 and 5 are rejected as for well-known relations
existing in a certain class of dynamoB botv/oen the design of tho
commutator and that of the armature. Note, for instance,
Parsons, 344,542, June 29, 1886, Bipolar, and diagram 4 of "Die
Gleiohstrommaschine " by Arnold, Berlin, 1907, Julius Springer, the
description of which on page 184 sets forth that tho useful length
of the commutator is 39 cm, whereas the useful length of the winding
is given as 'S6-mmJ These throe claims are rejected on either of
the references givon, and as furthermore presenting only matter that
would be obvious to any machine designer.
November 11, 1911.
IH THE TOUTED STATES . PATENT OPFIOE
Thomas A. Edison )
STORAGE BATTERY MOTOR SETS " j
Riled August 3, 1911 }
Serial Ho. 642, 07^ ')
Room Ho.
105.
HONORABLE COMMISSIOHER OR PATENTS ,
SIR:
In response to the Offioe action
of November 11, 1911, please amend the above entitled oase
as follows : -
Claim 3, line 2, after "motor" insert - of abnor¬
mally low internal resistanoe and - . lino 3, change "a"
to - an alkaline - . Line 4, oanoel "of the Edison type".
Claim 4, line 2, after "sets" insert - and adapted
for operation at moderate speeds - .
Claim 5, line 2, after "seta" insert - and adapted
for operation at moderate speeds, - •
Add the following olaim: -
— - - _ _ _ _ _ _
In apparatus of the olasB described, the combina¬
tion of'S>d^iven meDber required to transmit torque varying
through wide limirts^/an eleotrio moto^) operatively oonneoted|
to said member for drivihg^ttie same, a^storage battery^ for
supplying ourrent to the motorfead^oapable of discharging
at a rate greatly in excess of normal/'b&4d excessive dis¬
charge rate being neoeoeary and sufficient to operate the
motor to oause the driven member to transmit its maximt
Q*'
■ e.w , -J <Uf.
torque.,' and said motor having a sufficiently . low internal
roaiatanoe ahd~-8uffioiont/ large (commutator and bruah oon-
taot area) to enable the 'motqr^to operate when oarrying
aaid exoeesive di8oharge without Excessive loaa in voltage
in the motor, aubatantinlly a8 described.
H EM A R-K S
Tho Office action of November 11, 1911 haa boon
carefully oonaidered. Applicant’ a invention involves a
marked departure from standard praotioo in storage battery
motor sets used in the propulsion of vehicles and fo r simi¬
lar purposes, and his improved motor involves features dif¬
fering in a marked degree from standard design. It is
thought that these features are properly expressed by the
expressions "abnormally oxtended area" and "abnormally low
internal resistance" contained in certain of the olaims,
the word "abnormally" meaning a marked departure from stand¬
ard praotioe. The Examiner is therefore requested to With¬
draw hiB objection to these terms.
Claim 3 haa been amended to overoomo the Examiner1 3
objection to defining the battery as a "battery of the Edi¬
son type". The patent to Parsons, No. 344,543, shows ap¬
paratus vory different from applicant’s apparatus and in¬
tended for a very different purpose. This patent shows a
gonerator intended to be operatod at an excessively high
speed, that is to say, at a speed of from 10,000 to 25,000
revolutions per minute. Applicant's motor is intended to
be operated at ordinary motor speeds , one of tho machines
embodying tho invention having been constructed to operate
at a speed of 1700 revolutions per minute. The distinction!
(2)
that the motor is adapted to operate at moderate speedB has
been introduced into claims 4 and 5. She Examiner also re'
fere to "Die Gleiohstrommasohine" by Arnold, and applicant
has had his representative look up this reference in the
Patent Offioe and haB been informed that the oitation is
inoorreotly given in tho Offioe letter. She diagram in¬
tended to be cited is understood to show a turbo generator,
and the argument made in oonneotion with tho patent to
Parsons is believed to bo applicable to the structure shown
in Arnold. Applicant appears to be the first to use a
storage battery aapable of enormously high discharge rates
oombined with an electric motor of abnormally low internal
resistance and abnormally extended area of brush oontaot
with the commutator, and by this combination he has at¬
tained oertain useful results which are set forth fully in
the speoifioation.
In now olaim 7 added by the above amendment , an
attempt is made to Bet forth the relation between the maxi¬
mum torque transmitted by the driven member and the excess¬
ive discharge rate of the storage battery. Applicant1 b
invention has been thoroughly tested in a practical manner
and is believed to have great merit.
Hooonsideration and allowance are requested.
Respectfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISOIt
By. _
HiB Attorney
Orange, New Jersey
November 8th, 1912.
department of the interior
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON January 6, 1913.
Thomas A. Edison,
o/o Frank L. Dyer,
Please find, below
for Storage
642,072.
Orange, M. J .
a eommunicalion. from the EXAMINER i» charge of year application,.
Battery-Motor 9ata. filed Aug. 3, 1911. Serial Mo.
Commissioner of J’atenb
In responoe to amendment of llov. 9, 1912.
The objection urged against the expressions "abnormally
extended area" and "abnormally low internal resistance" eoeme to
he proper and in therefore repeated. Further, the expressions
employed in the new claim 7 "at a rate greatly in oxcobb of normal"
and "efficiently low internal resiotanoo and efficiently large
commutator and brush contact area, eto." are equally vague,
indefinite and objectionable.
It ie alao true that standard practice with regard to area of
commutator and brush contact surface is to proportion the area to
the current, and it doea not appear that the applicant haB in any
manner whatsoever departed from such standard practice. Bee. for
example, the General Electric Company's Bulletin Ho. 4.350, Pub.
April, 1904. by the Power and Mining Department, especially the
illustration on page 4 and the list of plating dynamos at the top
of page 8.
~ ” claims 1. 2. 6 and 7 are rejected as obvious aggregations of
motor and storage battery. See the first paragraph of the last
Office letter. Claim 7 in faot covors norely a driven member
on which the load varies widely, and a storage battery and motor
adapted to work together and to do the work neceseary. Ho one
642,072, — 2.
oan monopolize such a combination and, in foot, to employ a etorage
battery and a motor which were not adapted to work together and
would not do tho work would bo oontrnry to the diotateo of reason.
Tho above olaima oover an alleged combination clearly divisi-
ble from the generator olaima numbered 3, 4 and B and divioion is
therefore required between the two groups.
Cl aims 3, 4 and 8 are rejected upon the references of record
and upon tho Oenoral Electric Bulletin, above.
No further action on the merits will be given until the
requirement for division has been complied with.
IH THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison
STORAGE BATTERY MOTOR SETS
Filed August 3, X9XX
Serial No. 642,072
Room Ho. 105.
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Offioe aotion of
January 6, 1913, please amend the above entitled oaae as
follows : -
Page 3, line 22, after "alkaline" insert -
niokel-iron - .
Rewrite the olaims as follows: -
t'he^oo mb in-
ation of a driven member required to transmit torque vary¬
ing through wide limits, a series eleotrio motor operativelyj
oonnooted to saia member for driving the Bame, ana a stor¬
age battery for supplying current to the motor oupable of
discharging at a rate in excess of normal, necessary Bnd
sufficient to operate the motor to oause the^d riven member
to transmit the maximum torque required , f «wh)said motor
having low internal resistance in both field and armature
windings and having brush and commutator oontaot area at
j| least twice as great as required by the rules of ordinary
ilign^subst ant i ally^ as described.
2. In apparatus of the olasB described, the oombin-
I ation of a driven member required to transmit torque vary-
ing through wide limits, a series eleotrio motor operativeljr
connected to saia member for driving the same, und a stor-
I age battery for supplying ourrent to the motor oapable of
disoharging at a rate in excess of normal, neoessary and
sufficient to operate the motor to eausa tho^ driven member
to transmit the maximum torque required .fend} said motor
having low internal resistance and having brush and oommu- j
tator oontaot area sufficiently great to substantially
eliminate sparking even when the motor is supplied with j
I ourrent at the aforesaid exoessive rate, substantially as
! described.
ij -
$ E M A R K S
The olaimB have been rewritten with a view to
setting forth applicant's invention more accurately and to
avoid the Examiner's objections. It Us believed that these
olaims oannot be considered as aggregations inasmuch as the
elements reoited in eaoh of them ooaot to produoo a unitary
result. In thiB oonneotion the Examiner's attention is
o ailed to a recent deoision of the Cirouit Court of Appeals
for the Seventh Cirouit .Krell Auto Grand Piano Co. of
America vs. Story & Clark Co. et al., 207 E. R. , 946, see
particularly 951, in which the Court makes the following
statement
"In another sense (whioh, in the interest of
aoourate terminology, might well be taken as the ex¬
clusive sense) 'aggregation' moans that the olaims,
in and of themselves, independently of the prior art,
show that the elements are incapable of ooaoting to
produoe a unitary result."
The General Eleotrio Company's Bulletin oited
shows merely a solf-exoited (presumably shunt) or separately
(2)
0xo it e a generator designed to generate currants of large
amperage at low voltages, and while a long commutator is
UBea, this oommutator appears to bo dosigned in aooordanoe
with the rules of ordinary design to take oare of the
large amount of current carried by it. Similarly, in the
patent to Parsons cited, -the high speed generator shown is
provided with a long oommutator, but there 1b no suggestion
that the brush oontaot area is made abnormally great, as
is the case in applicant* b invention. In applicant's im¬
proved motor, the brush oontaot area is made two or more
times greater than the ordinary design - Bee specification,
page 3. In other words, applioant hasnot merely inoreased
the brush oontaot area sufficiently to oarry the current
used, but has inoreaBed it in a much greater proportion.
The oommutator brush area in applioant* s improved apparatus
is far in exoesB of that heretofore considered neoeoBary
and generally adopted to oarry the current used. 3y us¬
ing suoh an abnormal oontaot area relative to the voltage
and ourrent, applioant is enabled to reduoe the resistance
at the oommutator to the smallest possible amount and at
the same time, if desired, the pressure of eaoh oarbon
brush upon the oommutator may be diminished as compared
with the pressure ordinarily used, so that the resistance
of the bridge of oarbon across, the oommutator bars may be
made very high, thus tending to reduoe the armature woste
in momentarily short -air ouited ooils. The employment of
the exaessivo brush oontaot aroa substantially eliminates
sparking, even on heavy loads, and renders unnecessary the
use of commutating polos or othor devioes to reduoe spark -
ing or to save the oommutator from outting and wearing.
(3)
Applicant's invention involves a marked departure
from previous praotioe, bas proved to be of great utility,
and is believed to be deserving of patent proteotion.
Reoonsidorq.tion and allowance are requested .
Respeotfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDI SOH
( By *&-***■&■ <£• —
His Attorney
Orange, ITeyf Jersey
January 3rd, 1914
Dlv. ..S
. 6 .
voo
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . *ebrnary..lO,.Jv914,.
Please find below a communication from the EX AM! HER in charge of the application of
af 1911, for
Storage Batttry-Kotor Seta.
In response to amendment of Jan. 8, 1914.
The now olaimo are rejeoted as unpatentable oomblnatione of
niotor and storage battery. The ground of this rejection is that
it involve e merely the skill to be expected of the. electrician jfco.
use battery and motor whloh are adapted to work together in the
old combination.
As to the proportions which the olaime specify in the motor
design, it is held that if there be departure from "the rules of
Ordinary design", suoh departure is one in degree and not in kind.
It 1b, however, old, as shown by the references of record., to
■ employ a, commutator whose length is greater than that of the- arma¬
ture core; thus the applicant hao not departed fiom ordinary prac¬
tice in this respect. A& to the brush oontact area; he alleges
- jjieparture, but doeB not state either what the ordinary praotloe
allows in amperes per cm2 nor what he himself employs.
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison
STORAGE BATTERY MOTOR SETS
Filed August S, 1911 Room No. 106.
Serial No. 642,072
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Office action of
February 10, 1914, ploase amend the above entitled oase
as follows : -
^Claim 1, lino 8, oanool "and".
S Claim 2, lino 8, cancel "and".
REMARKS
The Examiner Btates that the ground of rejection
of the claims is that it involves merely the skill to bo
expeoted of an electrician to use a battery and motor which
are adapted to work together in an old combination. Ap¬
plicant has not morely uBod a battery and motor adapted to
work together, but in the combinations claimed there is a
motor especially adapted for use with a battery having cer¬
tain characteristics set forth in the claims, the deBign
of the motor being abnormal as compared with ordinary prac¬
tice, and the entire combination being capable of aocomplis}-
ing a certain desirod result with an efficiency ana oeonomj
constituting a marked advanoo in the art. Certain ad¬
vantages of applicant's improved battery-motor set have beet
pointed out in the specification and in prior arguments,
and ospooial attention is directed to tho following points
Decreased liability to leakages and grounds because of
possibility of using low voltages; diminution of heating}
fl)
substantial elimination of sparking; light brush load;
reduction of -roar of brushes, due to tho decreased brush
pressure porminniblo. Applioant'o improved battery motor
set is well adapted for continuous use in unskilled hands.
It is well reoognisod by the oourts that a change
in proportion of parts may amount to invention if a new
function or a particular new and useful result are accom¬
plished thereby. In applicant’s Improved batteryrmotor
sot, tho motor is abnormal in design as oompared with
ordinary practice in several respects, and by the use of
suoh a motor with a suitable battery the particular new
and useful results mentioned above are attained.
!Phe Examiner states that it is old to employ a
commutator whose length is fereater than that of the arma¬
ture core. An inspection of the claims will show that
applicant is not relying for the patentability of his in¬
vention upon the use of a long commutator. In one of
applicant's improved battery motor sots, applicant -used
for the motor brushes a special kind of high oonduotive
metal carbon rated by tho manufacturer to carry normally
100 amperes per a guar a inch. In the said motor as designed
by applicant, suoh great brush contact area was provided
that the current density was only about 45 amperes per
square inch at meximum load. The Examiner is requested
to again consider carefully the argument aeoompanying the
amendment of January 3, 1914.
Reconsideration and allowance are roquestod.
Respeotfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISON
<4
His
Attorney
Orange, New Jersey
February 3 , 1916
Hl-JS
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON _ JUar.cb--iT--l&15-.-
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
TVintnnB A. Mi 8011 . S^-B *
Ser . Mo.,. -MS^fiZSj. —
Oommmioner of Patents. (J
In response to amendment filed Feb. 4, 1015.
The results enumerated, and alleged to be new and useful,
are rio doubt useful, but are not jiew, and are attained by the obvious
apjli cation of the skill to be expected or the electrical artisan.
As before stated, it would be contrary to the diotaten of reason to
use motor and battery 'which were not oapablc of taking euro of the
temporary overloads and’ adapted to work together. Moreover , now that
the applicant has stated what current density he uoos, it io possible
to cite references shov/ins; that he h.13 depurted little if at all from
common praotice. ^Arnold in "Me Gleighatromraasohino" cited, Vol. 1,
no. 147 and following, gives data of a number of machines, of which
only five of the firat thirteen are designed for higher densities
thun 45 amperes per square inch. Gee especially machine #12, with
denai ty of 32 .8 , and also #7 , i/8 , !/9 and 'll 3 .
TVie olaims are thorofore rejected, and. thin action may be
considered final for the purposes of appeal if applicant bo desires. ;
Acting Exuminer - 1)1 vi si on 116.
yS'.
J
2,7.0 u>f0, 12*- F 30
HOJIORABLE COMMISSIOHER OR PASEHBS,
SIR:
In response to the Office action of
March S, 1915, please amend the above entitled case as
follows :-
Claim 1, liAeTl, change "of the class described"
to - for the propulsion of an electric vehicle - . Last
line, after "design" insert - for vehicle motors - .
I Add the following claim: - ,
3. In a storage battery motor set for the pro¬
pulsion of an electric vehicle, the combination of a driven
member adapted to transmit torque varying through wide lim¬
its, a series electric motor of low internal resistance
operatively connected to said member for driving the same ,
and a low voltage storage battery for supplying current to
the motor oapable of discharging at a rate in excess of
normal, necessary and sufficient to operate the motor to
cause the driven member to transmit the maximum torque re¬
quired, said motor having itB commutator length equal to or
greater than its armature length and having its field coils
of at least twice the current carrying capacity and its
brush and commutator contact area at least tv; ice as great
as is required by tho rules of ordinary design for vehicle
motors, substantially as described^ - _ _ _
REMARKS
The ground of rejection set forth in the Offioe
letter of March 3, 1916 is not entirely clear, but it is
apparently the Examiner's position that applicant's improved
storage battery motor set lacks invention, inasmuch as he
states that tho results are attained by the obvious appli¬
cation of tho skill to bo expected of the electrical artisanJ
Che Examiner does not, however, state what portion of the
prior art the eleotrioal artisan would make use of in ob-
I taininp these results. She Examiner also states that "it
would be contrary to the dictates of reason to use motor
and battery which were not capable of taking care of the
temporary overloads and adapted to work together". Appli¬
cant 1b not claiming merely motor and battery capable of
taking care of tho temporary overloads and adapted to work
together, but is claiming a combination including a battery
having certain defined characteristics and a motor having
certain structural features adapting it especially for use
with the battery for the purpose of driving a member trans¬
mitting torque varying through wide limits. The eombinatior
claimed by applicant is new and involves a marked departure
from the practice usual at the time of filing this applica¬
tion in battery and motor design for electrically driven
vehicles.
Tho Examiner calls particular attention to the
I data of certain machines described by Arnold in "Die Gleigh-
| etrommaschine". The data of these machines havebeen care¬
fully considered. Hone of these machines is a motor for pro¬
pelling a vehicle. The prior practice in the design of motors
(2)
for vehiole propulsion wsb to make tho motor as oompaot as
possible, to use a relatively large number of colls and
high voltage, ana to provide a relatively small commutator,
ana it is to the praotice in designing suoh storage battery
motor eetB that applioant particularly refers in oomparing
his improvements. It is to be noted that the statements
in applioant' s communication dated February 3, 1915 regard¬
ing the partioular example of a motor used by him in the
embodiment of his invention does not form a part of the
disclosure of the application but is merely given as an
example. In this example, it is stated that the current
density is about 45 amperes per square inch at maximum load,
and that the bfushes used were of a speoial kind of high
conductive metal oarbon rated by the manufacturer to carry
normally 100 amperes per square inch. The brush densities
which are calculated from the examples given in Arnold are
for normal loads, not maximum loads, and there is nothing
to show that anything hut ordinary carbon brushes wo re used,
and presumably at that time ordinary earbon brushes were
used. As the Examiner is no doubt aware, various improve¬
ments havo been made in so-called metal earbon or graphite
brushes which have vastly increased the carrying oapaoity
of these brushes. The comparison, therefore, of applioant'i
current density with the densities employed in the machines
described in Arnold is not a fair one, inasmuch as there is
nothing to show that brushes of tho same conductivity were
employed in tho two instanoes, and furthermore, as stated
(3)
above. these machines described in Arnold aro not vehicle |
motors. It is. of course, well known that in the menu- |
faoture of small motors, brushes of a size Greater than
the ordinary practice are some times used for reasons of
commercial expediency. Shis is probably the case in the
motor described on page 147 of Arnold (Machine Ho. 1).
This machine, however, is used to drive a centrifugal pump
I and therefore has a substantially constant load. In motors
used for vehicle propulsion, the load varies enormously.
For example , in the machine mentioned on page 6 of the speo-
ifioation of this application, a current density of 75 am-
pores is employed when runninc on tho level, and this cur- |
rent may rise from 200 to 250 amperes when climbing or on I
bad roadB.
Claim 1 has been amended to point out more defin-
itely that the rules of ordinary desisn referred to as a
standard of comparison are the rules of design for vehicle
motors.
i Claim 2 is believed to be patentable in its pres-
j ent form for reasons heretofore set forth, and it is not
seen that the Examiner is relying on any now ground of
rejection in his letter of March 0. 1916.
i Hew claim 3 submitted herewith includes the feat¬
ures of claim 1 and certain additional featuros. namely,
the low voltage of the battery, the long commutator, and
the large current capaoity of the field coils.
(4)
IThe Examiner's real pro unci of rejection is appar¬
ently lack of invention, and on this point it is believed
that the decision of the Circuit Court of Appeals, Seventh
Circuit, in Pieper et al. vs. 3.S. White Dental Ufg. Co.,
228 ». B., 30, is of interest, in this decision the validity
of the Pieper motor patent Ho. 704,099 is upheld, and in the
combination claimed, the relation between certain eleotrioal
features of the windings, namely, the self induction of the
armature coils and the self induction of the field windings,
are of great importance, just ae in the invention now under
consideration the eleotrioal features of the comutator and
brush contact area, low internal resistanco of motor in
both field and armature windings, etc., are of importance.
In this deoision reference is made to Railroad Supply Co.
vs. Hart Steel Cc., 222 P. R.. 261. and the following quo¬
tation from this decision is believed to be pertinent to the
invention under oonsldoration:-
" Invent ion of a combination does not lie in
§ Iffi cHp
2 •sot ;r~ JS-i'sa-
of the patent."
(6)
JSH
Div. . 2.6 Eoom.^-lX>5
itdJreM mila
OJJ) Paper No . ;;i0th)f
application should give ibe «erlnl number,
name of the applicant.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . . .J5ar,~9-, --L91-6-
.J’rsnk.L.....Hyfir.1
_ _ Orange,....
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
-r. A _ WfB.n, rn srt ..4mr..ja^..x’91J-.-JoE-Storage.3at.te^-Atotar-SeA8^._
_ Ser. Ho . 64aTQ?a - - - -
Commissioner of Patents. (/
In response to amendment filed 3?eU • X9» 1916»
Upon reoonei derat ion , the claims arc a^ain rejected for
the reasons of record.
X The applicant has taken a well known type of battery,
expressly designed for U3e where sudden heavy overloads are fre¬
quent, and particularly for driving motors on vehicles, and has
exercised only the skill to be expected of the designer 1 n build¬
ing the motor to work vdth the battery. Large brush contact area
and low internal resistance are, as shown by the publications of
record, used for low voltage machines, and if the applicant has
carries his design to an extreme in these respects, it differs
only in degree, not in kind. ibrther, it is again noted that the
description nowhere states what “ordinary practioe" is, and it is
therefore difficult to determine with oertainty what will or will
not fall within the scope of the invention. X
Inasmuch as olaim 1 , as amended, and claim 3 are directed
to substantially the Bame subject matter as were the claimB at the
time of the last Office action, and bring up no new qu est i o ns , nor
necessitate the oitation of new references, but are rejeoted on .
the same ground, this action is. made final for the purpose of appeal,
Applicant's attention is directed to Commissioner's Order
Ser. Ho. 642, 072.... a.
Ho. 2210, 216 0. G. 1, in accordance with which no amendment that
do 03 not plaoe this case in condition for final action may ho
entered herein without the approval of a Law Examiner.
Examiner - Division 26,
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Kay 18, 1911.
07' HI 17, 011:3 TEST IN NO.
WITH 16 A-8 KBIOON
1 BEI.IVr.HY V.7.90H KQUI.
CEILS .
Course used for test was Eagle Hocl: hill, measuring 1 mile.
One half hour rests allowed after each test.
Total
Weight
vverapo
Volts
Average
Amps .
Time for
Climb
Temperature
Kiso of Comm.
1st climb, 2310 lbs
17.09
155
15.6 min.
32.5 degrees cont-igrodo
2nd
16.78
152.5
16.5 "
35.5
3d .
16.13
153.23
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42.
4th "
16; 72
151.17
17.5 "
40.5 "
6th " ” "
15.25
153.33
18.
39.5 "
6th " " "
14.73
151.5
19.5 "
BO .4 "
7th " " ’’
12.92
156.34
25.5 "
65
8th Trent Up .1 of a nils and stalled, could run along on level
slowly.
The commutation was perfect throughout the above teat.
Hoads fair. Batteries fully charged at first.
i
June 23, 1911
The present practice in the manufacture of
electrical trucks and automobiles is to use a relatively
large murker of cells and high voltage, ('or instance,
the coci.'O reial voltages now usefl range from 40 to 50 in
the snail electric run-abouts to as high as 110 or 11c
volts, in the large motor-driven trucks.
The use of such voltages requires a compar¬
atively large number of battery cells, and makes the
outfit relatively expensive to construct and maintain.
Ouch an equipment is also much more liable to
troubles from grounds or leakage in the wiring, batteries,
or motors, than would be the case if <- considerably lower
voltage was available- or practical le.
Vie have found that by certain modifications in
the motor construction and arrangement of cells that a
much lower voltage can be used efficiently for the above
uur^ose, thus securing a relatively inexpensive equip¬
ment and all the advantages of a low voltage at the battery
and motor.
In order to maintain tho same horse-power output
in an exj-uiumont of any given si:e, it is, of course, necessary
that the current input to the motor be increased in uro portion
as t^e voltage decreases, r’or example in an automobile
requiring one kilo watt at 100 volts, the current would only
bo 10 amperes. If the voltage were reduced to 10 volts the
current inuut would be increased to 100 amperes, hence
the necessity of certain special features in the design o.
the motor to satisfactorily take care of a relatively large
amount of current.
Using 20 volts as a standard we have found that the
folio1, i ing nronorti ons in motor construction give the most
satisfactory result in oractice. inference is to be hua
to the figure s 1 anti 2 herewith, in whi ch Jig. 1 shows a
' side elevation and section of a motor proportionec as stated.
A is the frame of the motor which supports the laminated
field structure 1. This field is of the four pole type and
each uole is wound with heavy copper strip. The armature
C is of the ironclad type with the winding imbeded in slots
beneath the surface of the core. The winding itself is so
arranged that not more than one turn per coil Ox wire is
used. The working face of the commu tier is at least uwice
the length of the face of the armature. ~ relatively large
number of carbon brushes are used to commute the current with
the least uossible loss or drop in voltage. As there is only
one turn per coil in ih e armature the voltage between the
segments of the commutator is reduced to t. ve^-y small
amount in a 30 volt winding, therefore, there is no
tendency whatever to spark or flash under heavy loads.
Actual service con':
vehicle having a normal load current of say 75 amnerea"
on the level, running at a given sooed im.y require 200 to
250 amperes when climbing steep grades or on bad roads.
Under these conditions the usual dasign of motor with a
relatively small commutator ,nS light winding in the
armature and field will invariably break down or burn out.
a mouor constructed as specified herewith will stand those
extreme conditions of overload without any difficulty
whatever.
Owing to the low voltage ui
exposed to water and extreme weather
damage whatever, and such a motor i
continuous use in unskilled hands.
!d a motor may be
ionditions without any
well adapted for
Tie number of connections between the cells
requiring attention is greatly reduced, if or instance
the 60 coll equipment which is frequently used at the
present time has over 120 separate connections at the
battery, while a 16 cell equipment delivering 20 volts
as outlined above has only 52 connections to"look
after .
Owing to the low voltage used in this sy-ster
it is not ne cossary that the motor be made comnletely
waterproof; it may bo left relativel oien so that active
and free ventilation on .11 parts of the winding and the
commutator is assured. Shis is a valuable feature when
the motor is subjected to heavy and continuous overload,
for in such : case the completely enclosed motor would
be liable to damage from overheating while the onon motor
would bo uninjured.
July 31, 1911;
Mr. Dyer:-
I hand you herewith a speoifioation intended to
oover Mr. Edison's invention of a low cost storage battery
and motor outfit for vehicles. I have carefully considered
your suggestion to prepare diagrams comparing the design and
characteristics of this motor with those of motors of stand¬
ard design, but have not been able to evolve any suoh dia¬
grams of a satisfactory kind. I am sure you fully realise
the difficulty of drawing claims to oover an invention of
this ohnraoter.
HI-JS
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o/tftAA^A. —
This application relates to the use with a battery of
the Edison type of a series electric motor of low internal resist¬
ance having a long commutator and large brush and commutator con¬
tact area. The claims read as follows
1. In apparatus for the propulsion of an eleotrio
vehicle, the combination of a driven member required to transmit
torque varying through wide limits, a series eleotrio motor opera¬
tively oonneoted to said member for driving the same, and a stor¬
age battery for supplying current to the motor capable of
discharging at a rate in excess of normal, necessary and
suffioient to operate the motor to cause the driven member
to transmit the maximum torque required, said motor having
low internal resistance in both field and armature windings
and having brush and commutator contact area at least twice as
great as required by the rules of ordinary design for vehicle
motors , substantially as described.
2. in apparatus of the class desoribed, the combin¬
ation of a driven member required to transmit torque vary¬
ing through wide limits, a series eleotrio motor operatively
oonneoted to said member for driving the same, and a stor¬
age battery for supplying current to the motor capable of
discharging at a rate in excess of normal, necessary and
suffioient to operate the motor to cause the driven member
to transmit the maximum torque required, said motor having
low internal resistance and having brush and commutator con¬
tact area sufficiently great to substantially eliminate sparking
even when the motor is supplied with current at the aforesaid
excessive rate, substantially as described.
3. In a storage battery motor set for the pro¬
pulsion of an eleotrio vehicle, the combination of a driven
member adapted to transmit torque varying through wide lim¬
its, a series eleotrio motor of low internal resistance
operatively connected to said member for driving the same,
and a low voltage storage battery for supplying current to
the motor capable of discharging at a rate in excess of
normal, necessary. land sufficient to operate the motor to
cause the driven member' to transmit the maximum torque re¬
quired, said motor having its commutator length equal to or
greater than its armature length and having its field coils
of at least twice the current carrying capacity and its
brush and commutator contact area it least twice as great
as is required by the rules of ordinary design for vehicle
motors, substantially as desoribed.
-2-
These claims have been finally rejected, the position
of the Examiner being stated as follows:-
pisimiilP
whJ+hnr’ is again noted that the description nowhere states
what "ordinary practice" is, and it is the?ef™e difficult to
Sfjss rti1 »' »* mi sss
The prior art shows dynamo electric maohines having low
internal resistance, long commutators, and large brush contact
areas with resulting low current densities at the brushes. we
have presented the arguments for the allowance of the claims as
strongly as possible, but have been unable to persuade the Exam¬
iner that there is anything patentable in the case. The question
now is whether you wish an appeal taken to the Board of Examine rs-
in-Chief. X do not believe that such an appeal would be success-
The claims as now presented cover the combination of a
storage battery with a motor having certain characteristics. when,
the case was filed it contained claims for a motor. See original
claims 4 and 5. These claims were divided out in compliance with
an Office requirement. X do not believe there is patentable sub¬
ject matter in the motor jar se as disclosed in this application.
-3-
The only limitations we could put in claims in this application
to cover the motor would relate to the abnormally extended area
of brush contaot with the commutator, length of the commutator
the same or greater than the armature, or commutator twice as long
as the armature, and abnormally low field resistance. The Exami¬
ner has already substantially held that these features are merely
a question of design and not patentable. please also let us have
your decision as to whether you wish such a divisional application
filed.
HI- JS
tic
Vw/y, M ,* — •
(j:
\ AU, Ci U',1
F 772
u
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 773 Sound Records and Process and Apparatus for Making
Same
Serial #: 642377
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date-Executed: 8/1/1911
<Petttton.
®o tfjc Commissioner of patents :
gour petitioner jhomas a. Edison
a citijcn of tfjc fHniteb States, resibing anb Jjabing a $)oSt (Office abbress at
llewellyn Park, V/est Orange, EsBe.it County, How Jersey
praps tfjat letters patent map be granteb to fjtm for tlje improvements in
SOUND RECORDS AMD PROCESS AND APPARATUS POR MAKING SAME
Set fortfj in tfje annexeb Specification ; anb fje fjerebp appoints Jfranb X. ©per
(Registration J?o. 560), of ©range, JJetu bis attornep, toitfj full
potoer of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tijis application, to make
alterations anb atnenbments tfjerein, to receibe tlje patent, anb to transact all
business tit tlje patent ©ffice connected tfjeretoitlj.
I I specification
TO All WHOM IT MAY CONCERN
BE IT KNOWN, that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a citizen
of the United States and a resident of Llewellyn Parle, West
Orange, Essex County, New Jorsey. have invented oertain ne*
and useful improvements in SOUND RECORDS AND PROCESS AND
APPARATUS FOR MAKING SAME, of whioh the following is a
description: -
My invention relates to an improved sound record,
preferably of that type whioh oonsists of a base or baolc-
ing of one material, usually a molded material, and an
outer surfaoe veneer or oovering of another material, whiob
Ireoeives the sound reoord, and also to an improved process
and apparatus for malting the reoord. The principal objeot
of my invention is to produoe in a quiok and efficient
manner an improved sound reoord whioh will be strong and
durable and have no air bubbles or other imperfeotions in
the reoord surfaoe, and which will permit a large number oi
reproductions without sensible wear. In aooordanoe with
this objeot, I apply 'the outer surfaoe veneer in a plural¬
ity of exceedingly thin layers to the base or baching,
thereby obtaining a reoord surfaoe of a high degree of
homogeneity and perfection. Other objeots of my inven¬
tion will appear more fully in the following speoifioation
and appended claims.
I prefer to employ for the outer sound reoord
surfaoe or veneer a hard solid material, preferably a
(1)
resinous body like shellao, whioh is solid at ordinary
temperatures. As a suitable material for tbe base or
booking of my improved reoord, X prefer to use Montan wax;
impregnated with about 7$ of ootton flook or other fibrous \
material. By the use of this fibrous material with the'
Montan wax, X seoure a high degree of durability for the
base, the fibrous material being completely penetrated. and
enolosed by tho wax -like material, and at the same time
controlling in a degree the expansion and oontraotion of
the base. If desired, inert powders may be mixed with the
Montan wax and flook to further control the expansion and
oontraotion. A reoord made of tho speoifio compositions
mentioned above has substantially the same ooeffioient of
expansion for the backing and the surfaoe veneer, so that
there is no danger of the reoord beooming oraoked under
ohanges of temperature. Suoh a reoord is also very dur¬
able and may be subjected to comparatively rough treatment
without any objectionable injury. While, however, I pre¬
fer to use the speoifio compositions mentioned, my inven¬
tion is not limited thereto , and various other materials
or compositions may be used.
In making a reoord having a surfaoe veneer or
oovering of shellao, the shellao is dissolved in aloohol or
any other suitable solvent, and the solution obtained is
applied in a plurality of exceedingly thin layers to the
base or baoking. I then preferably mount the backing
upon a rotating mandrel or other suitable support and ap¬
ply the solution thereto by means of a bruBh of oamel's
hair, or in any other, suitable way. It is understood,
(2)
of oourse, that eaoh layer is permitted to dry before the
next layer is superposed thereon. After a sufficient num¬
ber of layers of the shellac solution have been ooated on
the blank, the latter is plaood in a room or oven heated
to a suitable temperature for expelling the excess of sol¬
vent to permit the rooord to harden upon cooling. I
a suitable
have found that if five or six layers of the shellac solu¬
tion are ooated upon the baoking, that the reoora tablet
may be hardened by placing the same in a room hoatea to
ijbout 120° F. for about four hours. The tablet with the
hardened surfaoe veneer is provided with the record im¬
pression in the manner hereinafter described or by any
other suitable process. By applying the surfaoe coating
in a number of thin layers as described above, the ooating
or veneer not only has a more even texture, but may also
be dried and hardened upon the baoking in but a small frac¬
tion of the time it would take to ary ana harden the same
if it all were applied as one layer, the formation of air
bubbles whioh is unavoidable when the surfaoe is applied
as a single layer also being prevented.
In order that my invention may be more clearly
understood, attention is hereby directed to the accompany¬
ing drawings, forming part of this specification, and il¬
lustrating certain preferred forms of apparatus for making
my improved record.
In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a plan view
of a support for the reoord tablets or backings;
Figure 2 represents a side elevation, partly in
section, taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1;
Figure 3 represents a front elevation of a modi¬
fied form of supporting means for the tablet or baoking;
I Figure 4 is a oentral vertioal seotional view of
a suitable devioe for forming the reoord impression in the
surfaoe oovering or veneer, some of the partB being shown
in elevation.
In all the views, like parts are designated by
Ithe same referenoe oharaoters.
Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 repre¬
sents a suitable frame or support provided with a plural¬
ity of reoesses Z open at one end and adapted to reoeive
and hold in proper position a plurality of racks 3, eaoh
provided with a vertioal lateral flange 4 in whioh a plur-
!ality of reoord supports 5 are rotatably mounted. Seoured
to eaoh of these supports 5 is a pulley <5 adapted to be
rotated by a oord or belt 7 whioh is engaged over the
!! pulleys 8. and 9 rotatably mounted in opposite ends of
the flange 4, the pulley 9 being preferably mounted in a
vertioal ear or projection 4' on said flange as shown. In
order to provide a large aro of oontaot between the oord or
belt 7 and the pulley j6 , and thereby insure the effioiont
I! driving of the latter, idle pulleys 10 are provided. Thes
I pulleys engage the oord or belt 7_ on opposite sideB of the
pulleys 6., the pulley 6! taking the plaoe of one of the end
idlers. The pulley £ is rigidly oonr.ooted with and ro¬
tated by a gear wheel or other suitable driving mean3 11
I adapted to detaohably engage a pinion 12 seoured to the
shaft 13, whioh is rotatably mounted in the standards 14
on the base 1, and is driven in any suitable way. Referr¬
ing to Figure 1, it will be seen that a gear 12 iB pro¬
vided on the shaft 13 for eaoh of the raoks 3. It will
also be seen that the driving moans 11 and 12 are auto-
(4)
mat! o ally connected and disconnected when the racks 3 are
slid or otherwise inserted in plaoe in the reoesses or
| grooves 2 and removed therefrom.
In using the reoord support described above, a
j base or backing is mounted upon oaoh support 5, and the
I desired number of racks 3 placed in position in the reoess-
| es 2 of the base 1, the gears 11 of the various raoks
j being automatically engaged with the pinions 12 by thiB
| operation, so that all of the backings are placed in ro¬
il tation by the rotation of shaft 13. A bfush, such as that
| ehown at 15', is then dipped into a solution of the material
Jj of the surfaoe covering or veneer, and this solution is
I applied to the various backings, beginning with the first
j haoking on one raok, finishing this raok, then ooating the
|| baokings on the next, and the various following raoks in
order until a suitable number of baokings have been ooated.
I The number of raoks may be so ohosen that the tablets first
ooated will be dry and ready for another ooating as soon
ias eaoh ooating has been applied to all of the tablets.
A sufficient number of layers or coatings are applied in
this way until the veneer has the desired thickness. The
thiokness of the solution applied may obviously bo regulat-
Ied at will, but it is preferable to have the some rather
thin so as to obviate the production of imperfections in
the surfaoe ooating.
After the surfaoe veneer or ooating has been ap¬
plied, the raoks 3 are detaohed from the base 1 and placed
into a suitably heated room or oven, where the exoess amoun
(5)
of solvent for the surfaoe material is driven off, aB here¬
inbefore described, so as to.plaoe the record in condition
for hardening upon cooling to normal temperatures.
The blanks formed as described above may be
provided with the record impression in any suitable way,
Figure 4 illustrating a convenient form of apparatus for
performing this operation. In this figure, 16 represents
a suitable mold having the matrix 17 formed on the inner
surfaoe thereof. A oore 18 provided with a oentral pass¬
age 19 and a transverse passage 20 extending aoross the
core and oommunioating with the passage 19, has a jaoket
or envelope 21 of rubber or other elastio material plaoed
upon the same, this envelope being seo\ired to the oore by
means of the inturned ends thereof. The outer end of
the mold is alosed by a member 22, whioh may be seoured in
position against the upper end of the jaoket by means of
a taper key 23, whioh may be forced in position in a slot
in the neok 24 of the oore 18, so as to force the oore and
the member 22 into looking engagement. A jaoket 25 or
other suitable means is plaoed around the matrix, so as to
heat or cool the same as desired.
In forming the reoord impression in the blank,
formed as desoribod above, the blank, preferably in a some
what plastio condition, is plaoed on the outside of the
rubber envelope 21, and the mold 16 plaoed in position on
the outside of the blank. The upper end of the mold is
then dosed by the member 22, whioh is looked in position
by the key 23, and fluid under pressure is admitted to the
interior of the rubber jaoket 21 through the openings 19
(6)
and 20. After the application of sufficient pressure, the
latter is shut off, ana the finished record removed from
the apparatus. In order to shrink the record from the
matrix, a suitable oooling fluid may be passed throxigh the
jacket 2E5.
In Figure 3 I have illustrated a tablet support
adapted to be used in a modified process. Shis support
oomprises a single mandrel 27 seoxired to a shaft 26 rotat-
jl ably mounted in a bearing or support 29, and having secured
at its end opposite that supporting the mandrel a pulley
j so adapted to be driven from any suitable driving means,
j ejector comprising a bell crank lever 31 pivoted to the
| support 29, /T slide 32 pivoted at one end to the upper arm
| of the lever 31 and provided with a slot 33 whereby it is
slidably mounted on the guide or button 84, is provided to
conveniently loosen tho tablets from the mandrel 27. ?he
slide 32 has an up-turned flange 35 at the end adjaoent the
tablet, this flange being adapted to engage the adjaoent end
of the tablet and shift the latter longitudinally of the
mandrel 27 when the outer end of the horizontal arm of the
lever 31 is depressed. A tension spring 36 secured at one
I end to the support 29 and at the other end to the slide 32
is provided to retract the slide 32, and to place the eject¬
or in inoperative position when the ejecting foroe is re¬
moved from the outer end of the horizontal arm of the lever
31.
In employing the devioe disclosed in Figure 3,
the baokings or bases for the records are supported upon
(7)
raofcs in a suitable number of trays and applied consecu¬
tively to the numdrol or support 27, a fine ooating being
applied to oaoh tablet while the same is supported on the
mandrel 27, preferably by a bruBh 15" extending the width
. of the tablet, as shown in i'igure 3. fhio brush should .
bo given a slight lateral back and forth movement to pre¬
vent the layer of surfaoe material applied from baooming
ji streaky. The trays may be supported upon a carriage
| mounted upon traoks, so that they may be ocnveniemtly
jj moved along past the support on v/hioh the tablets are
!| ooated. After eaoh of the baokir.gs has been coated, a
j seoond ooating is applied, and the operation is repeated
1 until the proper thickness of surfaoe material is attained
(After this, the trays supporting tho reoord blanks may be
plaood in a heated room to drivo off tho excess of 'solvent
in tho surfaoe material. Tho reoord impression may be
i
formed in the Burfaoe veneer or ooating in tho manner here
I inbefore described, or in any other suitable way.
It is to be understood that my invention iB not
limited to the exact details hereinbefore sot forth, but
J is as broad as indioated by the terms, of ~he appended
I claims.
Having now desoribed my invention, what I olaim
as new and desire to proteot by letters Patent of the
United States is as follows
(8)
■I
I if , ' A bound record oomposed of a base and a surfaoe
I venaeAof record material applied in a plurality of thin
jj superposed layers, substantially as described.
j 2. \ A sound reoord composed of a base and a surfaoe
venoer of\a hard resin applied in a plurality of thin
| superposem layers , substantially as described.
iZ. A sound reoord composed of a base and a surfaoe
veneer of sAellao applied in a plurality of thin super-
i| posed layers\ substantially as described.
I 4, a sound reoord oomposed of a base and a surfaoe
veneer of a haid resin applied in a plurality of thin
superposed layeVs, said base being oomposed of a material
having substantially the same coefficient of expansion as
the material of the said surfaoe veneer, substantially as
l described. \
jj 5. A sound Aoord oomposed of a hard wax -like base ^
and a surfaoe veneei of a hard resin applied in a plurality
of thin superposed Ayers, substantially as desoribed.
I 6. A sound reoorcl oomposed of a hard wax -like base
impregnated with fibrods material, and a surfaoe veneer
jj of a hard resin appliedUn a plurality of thin superposed
I layers, substantially as\ desoribed.
17. A sound reoord \omposed of a hard wax -like base
impregnated with fibrous material, and a surfaoe veneer of
a hard resin applied in a plurality of thin superposed
layers, the material of whify said base is oomposed having
(9)
test antially the same ooeffioiont of expansion as the
i\erlal of said surfaoe veneer, substantially as described^
A sound reoord oomposed of a hard wax-like base
impregnated with fibrous material, and a surfaoe veneer of
shelJo applied in a. plurality of thin superposed layers,
the material of whioh said base is composed having sub¬
stantially the same ooeffioient of expansion as the ma¬
terial Off said surfaoe veneer, substantially as described.
\fhe method of making reoord tablets whioh con¬
sists in boating a base or baoking with a plurality of
thin superposed layers of record material, substantially
as set fortjj..
lethod- of making reoord tablets whioh con-
Bists in forming a base or baoking, and ooating the same
with a plurality of thin superposed layers of a hard resin,
substantially ap set forth,
11. The nbthod of making reoord tablets, whioh con¬
sists in forming \a base or baoking of hard wax-like mater¬
ial, and ooating Ve said base or baoking with a plurality
| of thin 8uperposed\layers of a hard resin, substantially
as set forth
The method of making reoord tablets, whioh con¬
sists in forming a bafto or baoking of hard wax-like mater¬
ial impregnated with fibrous material, and ooating the saidj
base or baoking with a plurality of thin superposed layers
of a hard resin, substantially as set forth.
(10)
¥*•
t u( U C{ t/io/i i*'
The method of making reoord tablets , whioh oon-
slsts in ooating a base or baoking with a plurality of thin
superposed layers of a reoord. material, causing the ooating
to dry and harden, and finally forming the reoord impress¬
ion in said ooating, substantially as set forth.
Whe method of making reoord tablets, whioh con¬
sists in applying to a base or baoking a plurality of thin
ooatings of fe solution of reoord material, end expelling
the solvent Vo cause the ooated base or baoking to harden,
substantially ^s set forth.
The \pethod of making reoord tablets, whioh con¬
sists in applying to a base or haoking a plurality of thin
ooatings of a soiWtion of reoord material, allowing eaoh
ooating to dry before the applioation of the next, causing
the ooated base orYbaoking to harden, and finally forming i
the reoord impressi\n in the surface ooating, substantially.)
as set forth.
In a devioe of the olass aesoribed, the oombina-
‘i jtion of a plurality of rotatable tablet supports, a plur¬
ality of independently portable bearings therefor, rotat¬
able driving means, and means whereby the rotation of said
driving means may bb imparted to said tablet supports,
. substantially as aesoribed.
HU m a devioe of the class described , the oombina
tion of a base, rotatable driving means thereon, a plural¬
ity of independently portable frameB adapted to be support
(11)
ed on said base, and provided with rotatable tablet supports,
and means whereby the rotation of said driving moans may bd
imparted to said tablet supports, substantially as de¬
scribed.
In a devioe of the olass desoribed, the combina¬
tion of a base, rotatable driving means thereon, a plural¬
ity of independently portable frames adapted to We support¬
ed on said base, and provided with rotatable taolet sup¬
ports, and means whereby the rotation of said driving means
may be imparted to said tablet supports, said base being
provided with. means whereby said frames may be positioned
so as to operatively oonneot said last named means to said
driving means, substantially as desorioed.
I I 3$// In a devioe of the olass desoribed, the combina¬
tion with a base, rotatable driving means thereon, a -plur¬
ality of independently portable frames adapted to be sup¬
ported on said base, and each provided with a plurality of
record supports, means supported by said frames and engage -
able with or disongageable. from said driving means by di¬
rect bodily movement of said frames, whereby the rotation
of said driving means may be imparted to said record sup¬
ports, substantially as desoribed.
In a device of the olass desoribed, the combina¬
tion with a base, rotatable driving meanB thereon, a plur¬
ality of independently portable frames adapted to be sup¬
ported on said base, and each provided with a plurality of
reoord supports, means supported by said frames and engage -
able with or disengageable from said driving means by di-
reot bodily movement of Baid frames, whereby the rotation
of said driving means may be imparted to Baid reoord sup¬
ports, said base being provided with means whereby said
frames may too positioned in operative position relatively
to said driving means, sntostantially as desoritoed.
JL.r/ a - l -
■
specification digneb anti toitneddeb tfjid bap
OTitnedded:
\ J/uaLu^if £}<&'
..jdLrW.OrJ. A3^±±^L-
2 ^f? _ J<^JbuAsu^.
©atb«
g>tate of JBteU) f erdep ]
Countp of €ddcx !
THOMAS a. bdisoh . tfjc abobe namcb
petitioner, being bulp dtuorn, bepoded anb dapd tijat ije id a citizen of tlje XHniteb
Stated, anb a redibent Of Llewellyn Park, West Orange, Essex Count y,
ITew Jersey
tfjat Ije berilp beliebed Ijimdelf to be tije original, firdt anb dole inbentor of tlje
improbementd in
SOUIJI) RECORDS AIID PROCESS AMD APPARATUS PCR 14AXIHG SAME
bedcribeb anb claimeb in tlje annexeb dpecification; that Ije boed not Imoto anb
boed not beliebe tijat tlje dame toad eber fenoton or udeb before ijid inbention or
bidcoberp tijereof; or patenteb or bedcribeb in anp printeb publication in tlje
tHniteb stated of America or anp foreign countrp before ijid inbention or
bidcoberp tijereof, or more tljan ttoo peard prior to tljid application; or patenteb
in anp countrp foreign to tlje Uniteb stated on an application Web more Wan
ttoelbe montljd prior to tfjid application; or in public ude or on dale m tlje
Uniteb stated for more tljan ttoo peard prior to tljid application ; anb tijat no
application for patent upon daib inbention fjad been fileb bp Ijim or Ijid legal
repredentatibed or addignd in anp foreign countrp.
gjtoorti to anb dubderibeb before me tljid bap of
j&otarp public.
[gseall
. . DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE^ ^ _
WASHINGTON
Thonas A. Edison,
Cara '■'.'•:.nV: I.. Dyer, “
Jersey .
Please find below a mmmuiuaatUm from, the EXAMINER in charge of your application.
for Round pm-iovds and vrocoss r ’d Appcvntue for Waking
filed 4, 1911, serial r.’i.n’.T'rr (MS, 377 .
Commissioner of Patent*.
Claims 1 '.o 0 iticluairn are drawn to n sound record.
Claims 9 to Hi inclusive arc drawn to the method of Hairing
Cl. .ins lii to 20 inclusive nr8 dru«n to a melding apparatus.
Division is roqulrod hotwcon fckass several grout'd according
t.h.o provisions of rule 42' and t ho title of this Invention
should hy o o r r e op o n d :l ngl y limited to conform with the scope of
the claims.
ix nakiKjpdducaxx -In amending this case, applicant
should consult the following references:
Petit, Dec. 84, 1901, #609, 408} j
3 antlo r u on , jun . 25,1910, #947 , 7 7 7 ;
Ileynard , Jan. 29 , 1 901 ,#6 66 , 819
Cupps, Jan. 22,1901)#666,493/'all in (101-10)}
Hiller, at al., May 23,1.905, #790,516,.}
Amos, at al., May 26, 1900, #838. 388, hoi'1’ in (181-14) }
r.amh vc-t ,Doo . 18, 1900, #664, 223, (181-17).
IN THE UNITED STATE
Thomas A. Edison
SOUND RECORDS AND PROCESS AND
APPARATUS EOS MAKING SAME
Piled August 4, 1911
Serial No. 642,377
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OP PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Offioe notion of
September 21, 1911, please amend the above entitled appli-
aation ns follows :-
Oanoel olaims 1 to 15 inclusive, and renumber
olnims 16 to 20 lnolusive as 1 to 5.
Add the following claims: -
6. In a devioe of the olass described, the oombina-
tion of a base, rotatable driving means thereon, a port-
able frame adapted to be supported on said base and pro-
j and
S vided with a rotatable reoord support , /means supported by
| said frame engageable with or disengageable from said driv¬
ing means by bodily movement of said frame, whereby the
rotation of said driving means may be imparted to said
reoord support, substantially as desoribed.
7. In a devioe of the olass desoribed, the oombina-
tion of a base, rotatable driving means thereon, a port¬
able frame adapted to be supported on said base and pro¬
vided with a rotatable reoord support, and means supported
BS PATENT OPPICE
Room No. 379.
(1)
uy said frame engage able with or disengngeable from said
driving means hy bodily movement of said frame, whereby the
rotation of said driving means may ho imparted to said
Ireoerd support, said base being provided with means whereby
aaid frame may be positioned in operative position relative¬
ly' to said driving means, substantially as described.
8. In a device of tho class described, the combina¬
tion with n base, rotatable driving means thereon, a plur-
ality of independently portable frames adapted to bo sup¬
ported on said base and carrying rotatable record supports
means supported by said frames and engageable with or dis-
engageable from said driving means by direct bodily move¬
ment of said frames , whereby the rotation of said driving
means may be imparted to said record supports, substantially
as dosoribed.
REMARKS
The requirement for division made by the Examiner
I has been complied with and action on the merits of the
claims now in the case is respectfully requested. *he
right is reserved to file a divisional application on tho
I subject matter of the oancoled oluims.
The new claims added herewith are drawn to tho
3 invention as the original claims retained.
Respectfully submitted.
THOMAS A. EDISOIi
&
A. EDiauu
his Attorney.
Orange, Hew Jersey
August lOth, 1912.
i .37®—.
Paper .
Ws.hlnnton, D. C."
J.H.Dl-Sut.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
Runt. 27.1912.
Thomas A. Edison,
Care Frank I. Dyer,
Orange, New Jersey .
U.S. PHTPT OFFICE,
SEP 271912
mailed.
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of your application.
for Sound Reoords and Prooesu and Apparatus for Making Same,
filed Aug. 4,1911, aerial number 642,377 .
i action la responsive to the amendment filed Aug. 12,
The title of thiB applioation ahould he limited to conform
with the scope of the claims.
Claims 6 and 7 are rejeotejl as specifying only the attach¬
ment in Hays^Aug. 1,1911, #999,646, (181-3), or Bawtrec.June 2,
1908, #12,002,(181-3) .
Claims 1, 2, 3 and 8 are rejeoted as Bpeoifylng only a
plurality of euoh attachments as dlsolosed in Hays or Bawtreo,
adapted to he applied to the machines dlsolosed in these references
Claim 1 is also rejeoted upon Spurgeon, Jan. 1,1907, #839,902,
(181-4). All of the claims are additionally, rejeoted as specify¬
ing no more than Somber, Aug.^, 1905, #798°, 034, or Romano, June 2,
1903, #729^798, both in (181-4) with interchange able record wheels
or chains respeotirely .
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 777 Manufacture of Fertilizing Material
Serial #: 645838
Primary Applicant: Kiefer, Herman E
Date Filed: 8/24/1911
6H0 No. 777
iv'i
«=?■ " /
| Applicant.
I’j j!;
f; &a*Xhi., JP***'-
| ~
|f|; . < Title )ha.'vi*<<sj .
"'OT'® \“\T'VT
_ ■ x|i .v
Serial
.
I <& 4A / 7 // . Examiner’s Room No.
Assignee
Ass’g’t Exec.
(&csL-.2../‘U>, 1(1
. ,. ^daL 'Ccj.JJ’ re.9JJ~*-
^ ... ^ . KA-v^"
■NL^V 21
\\^
V\ »-
JW
:aP^
. °*lC .
frank l. dyer,
Counsel,
Orange, New Jersey.
dsfflumazCX fidwim-
TKe Edison Portland Cement Co.
is. STEWARTSVILLE, N. J.
Thos. A. Edison,
Edison Laboratory,
Orange, N. -V i X > ,
In accordance with your notes
letter I have secured the following to date: ^ ^
Ortho ola.se v ^
Prof. Hart of Lafayette College is,
t‘
working on a separation of potash and alumina, and has
about 200 lbs. of good orthoclaBe which he tells me is
supposed to contain about 13# of potash. We have secua
about 6 lbs. of it for our tests. /
V .#4
We have also secured 5 lbs. phosphate j
*ock from Baltimore, which analyzes eb follows: \
Phosphorio Acid (E2®5)
We have ground these so that, it
sieve, and made mixtures as follows:
Mr. lidison,
#2
June 1 IS XI
Mixture #1
1 part of feldspar
1 " " phosphate
Mixture #2
1 part of feldspar
2 parts " phosphate
Mixture #3
2 parts of feldspar
1 part of phosphate
We have tried fusing all of these in a blast lamp,
and find that it can he done. 1 enclose you under another
cover, specimens of eaoh, which you will note are fused only
on the outside. Unfortunately we cannot get neat enough to
fuse it in large quantities.
We have not made analyses of them, as we do not
have the platinum ware neoessary for alhali determinations.
Moreover, we only have two men who could make such analyses,
and all three of us are so busy on cement work, that I hesitate
at this time (when shipments are heavy) to take the time
myself, or to take them off their regular work. I do not
like to take any chanoe on our regular work (even if we had
the platinum) to investigate what may he a phantom.
Mr. Edison, #3 June 1, 1911:
These samples show that it can be fused in a
rotary kiln, and if done, these materials ought to show
the following calculated analyses, provided the potash
does not go up the
, ^#2
phosphoric Aoid *
18.9?s
25.4#
12.6#
Potash
6.5#
4.4#
8.7#
Lime -
24.2#
32.4#
16.1#
If you are still interested in this, and would
arrange to have Silver Lake Company fuse it in larger
quantities, I could make them up mixtures of say a pound
each, and after it is fused, find out the composition and
the probable effect on the phosphoric acid and alkali.
Part of the alkali in feldspar can be extracted by boiling
water. I am under the impression that after this treatment
it might all be extracted this way.
We are trying to get samples, analyses and prices
in oarload lots of phosphates in order to see if there is
any possibility of making it a commercial proposition;
Have you any further suggestions?
You will note that tha ingredients of highest
commercial valud - i.e. potash and phosphoric aoid, vary
Mr. Edison, #4 June 1, 1911:
as they must aooording to the proportions, hut as these
each sell at the- rate of about 6/ per lb. in fertilizers,
the best mixture would be the one with the Lightest total
provided it would have the same value in a double fertilizer.
The commercial phosphate alone would have a fertilizer value
of 37.5$ X 2000 lbs. or 750 lbs. X6$ or $45 per ton, but we
know that commercial phosphate does not sell at that price,
because it is not all "available" - whether rotary kiln
would make it available is the question? The other question
is that it is cheaper for the farmer to buy phosphate alone
t.h.n to pay 6$ for it in a mixture, but if our mixture of
potash (from a cheap source as feldspar) makes them both
available, then a cheap cost of production would $mt them
on the same basis as present potash-pho sphoric^f ertilizers,
and it should command the same price which we are now paying.
For instance Mixture #1
Phosphoric Acid 18.5$ X 2000
lbs. X 6$ -
$22.6 8
Potash 6.5$ X “
" X 6$ -
7.80
30.48 per ton
Mixture #2
Phosphorio Aoid 25.4$ X 2000
Lbs. X 6$ -
30.48
Potash 4.4$ X "
» X 6/ -
5.28
35.76 per ton
Potash
Mr. Edison, #5 June 1, 1911:
Mixture #5
Phosphoric Acid 12.6$ X 2000 lbs. X 6/ - $15.12
Potash 8.7$ X " " X 6) i - 10.44
25.56 per ton
The question is will a partial fusion (clinkering)
or even complete fusion of feldspar and calcium phosphate,
set up new relations betv/een Silioa - Alumina • Potash -
lime and Phosphoric Acid, similar to the unstable nature
of Portland Cement so that both potash and phosphoric acid
will be in a shape acceptable to fertilizer chemist? as
"available"? If so, this looks like a good proposition.
The minor suggestion of fusing limestone and
feldspar, so as to make potash available, might even be a
good idea, but if you get lime and phosphoric acid in the
same material for fluxing with the feldBpar, it iB all the
better.
Chem&et.
Very truly.
THe Edison Portland Cement Co.
’ Telegraph. Freight and Paiienger Station. NEW VILLAGE. N. J.
p. o. address. STEWARTSVILLE, N. J.
Mr. Thos. A. Edipon,
Orange
Bear Sir
BOSTON, ' Mash',', Poatomc
Ju3yM‘ao’j 19X1."'
r"
\| ^XEHTILIZKR pLoPOBITI_ON_ ^ f
Complying with your instructions I have j
had llr. Dyers office look up all the patents on feldBP^r
limestone and feldspar phosphate fertilizers. Out of/ a
great number X have picked out the following worthy c^f
note.
LIMESTONE & EELPSPAR_
BLACKMOKE PATENT #515001;
He uses a sealed furnace and also a
chloride. Rotary kiln is not even suggested.
CUSHUAN PATENT #5978185
Uses feldspar limestone and a chloride
but no mention made of rotary kiln.
BIC^BLL PATENT #16111:
No mention made of a rotary kiln. Thic
1b nearest to our idea.
PHOSPHATE AITO LIMESTONE
STILLMAN PATENT #306249:
Does not powder the material or use
rotary kiln.
HODGKINS PATENT #423320:
Uses lime and phosphate hut not rotary
kiln. • In fact process iB quite different.
LOWHAN PATENT #422130: .
Uses fluorspar also and does not use
rotary kiln.
COATES PATENT #614696:
Uses carbonate of lime and phosphate of
lime hut not rotary kiln.
None of these cover our idea of phosphate
and feldspar in rotary kiln. In fact none of them of
any kind use rotary kiln. If the Patent Office will
grant several patents for the same materials using
different methods of procedure I should think they would
allow our phosphate feldspar idea, when we specify
rotary kiln in connection with it. There is a greater
similarity between some of these patents than there is
#3.
Mr. Edison.
■between any of then and our ideaB.
Regardless of the patents I shall
prospect the mount aine^-round here aB time permits
and try to locate the feldspar you spoke of.
Have you any suggestion as to further
work with a view of application for a patent?
Very truly.
Since writing the above I attended the
Fertiliser Convention at Atlantic City, and heard several
good talks by experts on Phosphoric Acid and Potash. I
also had 2 hours private talk with Dr. Cameron of the
U. S. Bureau of Soils and learned a great deal, ghall
make a separate report on it. To summarise the whole
thing 1 think if we get the potash feldspar we will Be
all right, patent or no patent, but I also believe a
patent would be granted on the process I have outlined.
July 22.
ion.
!-r. Thomas A. Jidioon,
Orange, b. *! •
Hear Sir:- - -
1 wrote you yesterday concerning ny toll:
with Hr. Cameron, of the !). Bureau of Coils. ho thoroughly
confirmed rny previous opinion that "soluble" nnd"ineolublo ' ,
and' "available" and "unavailable" in reference to phosphoric
acid and potash arc only relative term and in cither ease
it is all avuiloble in tine. Of the dozeno of methods of
analysis, none of then will determine how readily "available"
either constituent is or, to time.
Custom has led to the belief that phosphoric
acid in natural phosphates and potash in feldspar are in the
so-called ••unavailable" states . Tf wo make any chance whatever
in their nature, ohonloto are up in the air ns to how available
cither potnoh or phonphoric acid become.
Vor inotanco in Thomas sloe, fertilizer
chemists permit an analysis for total phosphorous and make no
attempt to divide it into -available" nnd-unavai labia" . Tf wo
make a slag in a rotary kiln no doubt fortilizor chemists will
take the same view as wo shall novo a similar compound and
have a right to demand treatment similar to the Thomas slag.
!!o doubt they will flrant it to avoid controversy.
oo much for that. Cushman hns covered
rotary kiln proneaa for line, carbonate of lino and
folciopar, but ; coo no roonon why wo car. not patent rotary
kiln process for phosphate of lino and feldspar.
'.here is far noro noney in ttio double
fertilizer than the feldnpar lineotone alone, but ii we can
not protect it by patnntr. the Southern cement nilln would
beat un out on freights on phosphate. T'honrhntc rooi: on o
baaiu of 72 ' triphoophato of lino quoted at .'3.75
per ton f.o.b. cars ",t . V'loasant, ’ onn . , with a poor demand
for it. An fret tine freight rates to see whore v;e stand.
f otill think the nrocooo la patentable,
nnv! enclose you a rouph copy of pronoond patent spooifiention
You will rote that it in quite different from any of the
patonto f sent you. hiokell potent, in the nearont, but my
idea i :r radically different from hio. ~f you thin): well of
it, have : ;r. Dyer express an opinion whether an idea on the .
linoo 1 novo indicated in sufficiently different from the
otnera tc have a standing in the latent Office. )i wo onn
Get it patented , it will at least hnvo an effect in causing
Southern oenont plant. n to hesitate before rrotnr. into it.
Veiy truly,
Gince writ i nr the otovo, 1 hove
j.v note to co ahead, end olt sending a copy
tiiio letter and npccificntiono, eto., to
Dver. The host wny to settle it io to
ve tha Patent Office reject it if it in
i»Q>6)M«n.
TKe Edison Portland Cement Co.
ih. Freight and Peesenger Station. NEW VILLAGE. N. J.
o. address. STEWARTSVILLE, N. J.
July 22, 1911.
Henry Lanahan, Esq. ,
legal Dept., Edison lab'iy..
Orange , K. J .
Dear Sir:-
Copieo of various alkali and phosphoric
acid processes have Been received and after going over them
carefully, I see no reason why a patent should not be granted
on the lines on which I spoke.
Have had it up with Kr. Edison and he
instructed me to explain to you and apply for a patent on
it. I enclose you copies of the various patents and a copy
of a letter to him, showing why I think my idea is just ae
essentially different from any of the existing patents es
any one of them is from anotncr. It Beems to me the simplest
way is for me to draw up a rough draft of an application,
as I think it should be drawn so as to avoid the claims in
the otner patents This J have done, and enclose this draft
which will r.o doubt have to be revised. I think it covers
the essential points and ohowo you wnat I am driving at.
Please compare this with the patents which
I return, and let me nave your opinion as to' whether it is
or io not in conflict with the other patento, altio any
suggestions you have. I can then re-write specifications
and claims and again return to you for revision .
PleoBe return all the patents and papers
do X can give them further study after getting your
suggestions;’
very truly.
HEK-HBS
August 5, 1911.
Dr. H. R. Kiefer, , „ 4 -
o/o Edison Portland Cemen>. Co.,
Stewartsville , K. J.
Dear Sir:-
X enoloee herewith draft of specification oevering
your invention in the manufacture cf fort ili King material.
After you have looV.ed over the same, please return it to me
with any suggestions as to changes that may ooour to you.
I will then have the application written in form for filing
and sent to you for execution.
Please advise me if an assignment of this invention
is to be made, and if so, to whom. Also pleasfe state your
post offioe address to be inserted in the Petition.
fours very truly,
HD-JS
Eno.
August 15, 1911.
/
Mr. Dyer:-
I have prepared an application on an invention of Dr.
H. E. Kiefer of the Cement Company for rendering the potash in
feld spar and the phosphorio aoid in insoluble phosphates avail¬
able as a fertilizer, whioh oonsists in subjecting a finely ground
mixture of phosphate rook and feld spar to the aotion of heat in
a rotary kiln. Mr. Edison is interested in this invention, and
directed Dr. Kiefer to have the Legal Department file an applica¬
tion on it. When I sent the draft of this speoifioation to Dr.
Kiefer for his approval, I inquired whether an assignment of the
invention was to be made. Dr. Kiefer's reply is as follows :-
"No assignment will be neoessary, bb the matter is thoroughly
understood by the Cement Company". Please advise me if we
shall file the application without having an assignment made,
Dr. H. E; Kiefer,
c/o Edison Portland Cement Co.,
Stewartsville, H.J.
Dear Sir:-
I enclose herewith your patent application
covering the invention of the Manufacture of Fertilizing
Material. Please execute this application by signing
your full name, that is, "Herman E. Kiefer", at the end
of the petition on the outside page of the patent appli¬
cation, at the end of the oath, and at the top. of the
page containing the oath. The signature at the top of
the page containing the oath should be witnessed by two
witnesses and the oath should be attested by a notary
publio. The red sticker ohould be affixed to the oath
over the place marked "Seal" in such a way as to hold the
ends of the ribbon in place and the notary’s seal should
be impressed upon this red sticker.
After this document has been executed, please
return it to us to be filed.
Very truly yours.
HL/ARK.
General Counsel.
HEK-RBS
Mr. H. E. Kiefer,
c/o Edison Portland Cement Co.,
Ste7/artoville, H.J.
Dear Sir:-
Your letter of the 14th inet. addressed to
Mr. Lanahan has been reoeived, and he has requested me to
send you our complete file containing your application
together with the references cited therein, which appli¬
cation is entitled MANUFACTURE OF FERTILIZING MATERIAL,
(our folio Ho. 777), and which I am sending you today
by mail under separate cover.
Please arrange to return this file to me after
you are finished with it, whioh should be about a month
prior to Ootober 2nd, 1912, at least. /
Very truly yours, /
ARK.
Clerk.
£^Kfsa3>£i fiLs-ffit.
The Edison Portland Cement Co.
I'll 1 1. a DKM* in A, Pa., Arcade lluildhn^
Boston^ M Asa.’,’ PoU omre&juare a
rman of Hoard Telegraph, Freight and Pamnger Station. NEW VILLAGE,
A..,. Tren. P. O. address, STEWARTSVILLE, N. .
February 17, 1912.
Mr. Henry Lannahan,
Edison Laboratory,
Orange, N. J.
Lear Sir:-
X am in receipt of papers pertaining to
Phosphate Patents but do not find a copy of Cushman's
patent #857992. It is not necessary to have this
patent in full but some years ago I was a regular reader
of the Patent Office Gazette and if this publication has
not been discontinued you probably have files of it at
Orapge. The condensed description of the patent covers
10 or 20 lines only and if you will kindly have your
stenographer cdpy this abstract for me it will be of
great assistance.
Very truly,
Chemist .
Sort. 10, 1912
Dr. H. E. Kief or,
Edi3on Portland Cement Co, ,
Stowartsvillo, H. J.
Door Sir:-
On Fobruary 15th last, tho comploto filo of your
application Polio 777, Manufacture of Fertilising Matorial,
together with tho roforonooc cited therein, was mailed to
you from thic office. Ihia application should now he
taken up for amendment. Will you kindly return tho com¬
plete file to mo ac promptly as possible , togother with
your comments and suggestions. The anendment must bo
in tho Patont Office prior to October 2nd.
Yours very truly,
HL-JS
The Edison Portland Cement Co.
Telegraph, Fieigkt end Puranger Station, NEW VILLAGE, N. J.
p. o. address. STEWARTSVILLE, N.J.
Sept.
Mr. Henry Lanahan, Esq.
Edison Laboratory,
Orange, H. J.
UOSTON, MABfl.’,' -O S .
17, 1912.
Dear Sir:-
Herewith find all papers pertaining to the
fertilizer process. I have gone over them as time permitted
and dealt only with the patents referred to in Patent Office
communication of Oct. 2 - 1911. I have attached oomments to
each of these patents.
Hone of them oonfliot with us hut WolterB
is the nearest. If a rotary Kiln he used in his process in¬
stead of a Siemens furnace and the material reduced to clinker
only instead of "a fluid molten state" then our process is
anticipated.
Hewherry uses a rotary Kiln for a different
kind of a fertilizer and if we are not allowed to combine
Wolters and Hewherrys processes we have no claim hut it loiJks
to me as though the adaption of a rotary kiln to Welters
materials is new notwithstanding that Hewherry ubos a rotary
kiln on other fertilizing materials. Of course I do not know.
The Patent Office exception to the large
number of claims looks reasonable. We could simplify it by
Ur. H. L.
-2-
9-17-1912.
making a few specific claims on the ubc of a rotary kiln for
clinkering'^’not completely fuaing a mixture of natural phos¬
phates and silicates containing alkalies for the purpose of
rendering both phoBphorio acid and alkalieB soluble. There
ia nothing else to the process and the simpler we make it
the better it looks.
The Patent Office communication refers to
"calcining" of phosphates in a rotary kiln. We do more than
calcining we carry to incipient fusion.
In view of the various patents I do not
know whether it is advisable to spend much more money on it.
nevertheless I have given you the data and if you think a
simplified amendment olaiming only what I have outlined abCve
will be granted it might be worth a trial.
Chemist.
HEK-rS
Dear Sir:
In compliance with your rocuost of the 14th infit., X
ojn a ending you today, by oxprosB, the complete file containing
your application, together with the references cited therein, said
application being entitled Manufacture of fertilising Material (our
folio Ko. 777).
I do not understand that it has been finally deter¬
mined to drop this application, and in case it is to bo dropped,
we should like to have Hr. Edison’s authority for such action. X
should be glad to have your views as to the advisability of pro¬
ceeding with the prosecution of the application, or to have you
toko the matter up with Mr. Edison personally, if you desiro.
She nezt amendment must be filed in the Office
before October 30th, and if the application is to be amended,
this file should be returned to the legal Department not later
than the 1st of October.
Very truly yours.
HIi/MJIi
Ootober 8, 1913
H. E. Kiefer,
Edison Portland Cement Co.,
ts-hnwnrtfiville . N« J#
Dear Sir:-
Ibe „,.t emmdmmt In your epplio.tlon entitled »=n«-
faotura of J.rtllieinS »” "li0 St" 777’ “ *“
1. tbe Potent OHioe b.foro ootober Wtb. *» me 01
«bl. epplio.tlon ... eon. to you .bout tbo U» <* WO-* I***'
■HU you kindly return the .«■« to tbie aep.rt.ent no .oon .. .
pr.otlo.bl. 1» order tb.t tb. .otter of tbe »enl.on. -y b.
taken up. Alee kindly let be »™ J™r rleee »e to tbo .dvie-
ability of pro...dtn8 ««b tb. proe.outlon of tbe epplloatlou.
Very truly yours,
HWS
dieJ 'S’, tin.
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 785 Charging Secondary Cells and Utilizing the Current
Therefrom
Serial#: 651697
Primary Applicant: Hutchison, Miller Reese
Date Executed: 9/26/1911
’4V‘\ Folio No.7i.£ .
' :
Applicant.
. . (jOk&iUL*
. . . JlM*/...
Serial No '..k.'^AAS-’f-
d C'Ui'rf, C^V,
Address.
j; ; Title .'&AatA*ii**ks*eL~dtlc4ilus^^ .
| " f vTVd-i^UT^. " •
:r' Filed/tfyi'b^ru-^vi/ <2 d' } / (f // . Examiner’s Room No. /<?..s£Z .
l/3cut£t*-y.
t zLrfm Recorded .4M.^.S./u Liber 4C..U.. . Page * A
2 Cilia.
■ l .?/.?.. 0.. n
81 %r^f TCck-
83 (^. ttj>4 -
24 ... . . .>.../ . I .
,^.!Z:,UC7^ ,
7v!^v 1(, /
. 7_ — ^...":rl::-....!r=
7-2/-
29 Y'<^....._ '\./'v...'.i.'.'..l:.':
UUU^-^. . W£
l ‘
FRANK L. DYER,
Counsel,
Orange, New Jersey.
petition
®o tlje Commissioner o! patents:
gour petitioner kiijjsh rkese Hutchison
a citizen of tfje fHnitcb States, residing anb fjabing a $oSt Office abbreSS at
V/est Orange, Essex County, Now Jersey
praps tijat letters patent map be granteb to Ijim for tlje improbcments in
. CHARGING SECONDARY CELLS AND UTILISING 'THE CURRENT
THEREFROM
Set fortlj in tlje atmexeb specification ; ant) Ije Ijerebp appoints Jfranfe TL. ©per
(Registration J?o. 560), of Orange, J*ehi ferSep, bis attornep, luitb fnU
potoer of substitution anti reboeation, to prosecute tljis application, to mabe
alterations anti amenbments therein, to receibe the patent, anb to transact all
business in tlje patent Office connecteb tberebiitb.
SPECIFICATION
TO All WHOM IT MAT CONCERN:
BE IT KNOWN, that. I, MILLER REESE HUTCHISON, a
citizen of the United States ana a resident of West Orange,
in the County of Essex ana State of New Jersey, have inven¬
ted certain new ana useful improvements in CHARGING SECOND-
ART C El. IS ANT) UTILISING THE CURRENT THEREFROM, of whioh the
following is a speoifioation:-
My invention relates generally to a method ana
means for charging one or a battery of secondary or re¬
versible colls ana for utilizing the current therefrom, and
more particularly to the oharging of suoh cells from a
souroe of ourrent whioh is inadequate to charge the oell or
battery efficiently in the ordinary manner, and to the
utilization of ourrent from one or more groups of elements
of suoh oells at a time. My invention is also particular¬
ly adapted to the oharging of secondary oells whioh are
looated in oonfined spaoes diffioult to oool and ventilate.
In modern storage battery development the tendenor
is toward the employment of large oells, eaoh having a
great number of positive and negative elements or plates.
This is especially true in submarine boat praotioe, and 1b
occasioned by the great inorease in size of suoh boats as
the art progresses. One of the greatest difficulties met
with in the operation of storage batteries in submarines
lies in the neoessarily inadquate faoilitieB for ventila-
(1)
tion ancl oooling. In suoh vessels there is not sufficient
spaoe available to permit the provision of large air duots
into, through ana out of the battery tanks or reoeptaoles.
Furthermore, relatively large exhaiist ports of this
oharaoter are not permissible in submarine boat aesign,
beoanse suoh vessels must have as few ana as small outlets
as possible, to facilitate water tightness under great hy¬
drostatic pressure. The difficulties of oooling und ven¬
tilation are increased where lead or acid storago battery
oells are employed. Owing to the fragility of the hard
rubber containing jars of oells of this type, it is neo-
essary to reinforoe them by placing them in oompartments
of the battery tank of the boat in suoh a manner that
the fore ana aft ana oross members of the oompartments
| will support the containing jars and provide the requis¬
ite meohanioal strength for the same. It is apparent
that a cell placed in suoh a compartment and fitting
tightly therein oannot be oooled exoept from the top.
For these reasons and also on aooount of the poor heat
conducting properties of hard rubber and wooa , it is
found difficult to oharge the batteries of submarines
in tropioal waters within a reasonable length of time
because of the injury done to a lead cell by allowing
the temperature of the oell to rise above 110° Fahr.
These conditions necessitate oharging the batteries for
a long time at a low rate, or for a short time at normal
rate until the temperature limit has been reaohed, and
then disconnecting and allowing them to oool before con¬
tinuing the oharge. In the oase of storage battery oells
of the Edison type, no serious permanent injury is done
the oells by oharging them at high temperatures. When j
oharged in this manner, however, their efficiently for that
oharge is decreased. When oells of the Edison type are
used in submarine boats, the oells may be spaaed apart
by vertioal separators, and the containing oans being of
metal, have bettor heat oonduoting and radiating properties
than those of the load or aoid oells. With this arrange¬
ment, air may be taken into the battery tank at the bottom
of one end find drown out from the top of the tank at the
other end, whereby a flow of air by and between all the
oells is obtained. But even with suoh an improved in¬
stallation it is a diffioult matter to oool the interior of
a very large cell and there is not suffioient space avail¬
able to permit making the oells up in smaller sizes and
paralleling them. In the case of Edison type oells of high
disoharge rate oapaoity and low internal resistanoe, the
maximum effioienoy is obtained by oharging at relatively
high rates. Eor example, while the large tube type oell
oan be charged efficiently at the 7-hour rate, the small
tube type Bhould be charged at not less than a 3-hour »r
4-hour rate and is preferably charged at a ?.-hour rate whers
the oells oan be oooled properly. The oharging of bat¬
teries in submarine vessels is often done by driving the
motor as a dynamo when the boat is being propelled on the
surfaoe by the oil engines. Suoh motors are seldom
capable of furnishing suffioient current to oharge the
battery in three or four hours, even though the engines be
large enough to drive both boat and generators.
The objeots of my invention are to overoome many
of the difficulties hereinbefore pointed out and to provide
(3)
an efficient method and means for charging secondary cells i
j| whioh require oharging at a rate higher than is oapable |
of being furnished by the source of current available when
| employing ordinary methods, and also to enable ourrent from
{ any desired number of groups of elements of secondary oelln
1 to be efficiently and readily utilized. My improved math-
| od consists generally in supplying ourrent to one or more
I groups of the elements or plates of the oells at a time . /
j ^ also, when desired, in uMA4-ai-nB-^UT^ent-by- taking 44- j ^
from any desired number of such groups of elements.
| In order to render my invention more easily under-
stood, reference is had to the drawing accompanying and
!l forming a port of this specification, and in whioh the
|| figure illustrates diagrammatioally an arrangement of
oirouits and apparatus adapted to oarry out my invention.
| In the drawing, secondary or reversible oells
are shown at A and B. It will be apparent that my inven-
tion is applicable to a single cell or to any number of
! oells. The positive and negative elements of each of the i
oells are arranged ingroups «md eaoh group is preferably
provided with its own insnlated binding posts or other \
jj terminals. I have illustrated eaoh of the oells as divid-' j
I ed into four groups of elements. The groups of positive
j elements of cell A are indicated at A 1, A 2, A 3, and A 4
and are provided with binding posts or other terminals A _5,
J A 6 , A 7, and A 8 respectively. The groups of negative
(elements are indicated at A 9 . A 10, A 11, and A 12 and ar<
provided with the binding posts or other terminals A 13,
A 14, A 15, and A 16 respectively. The groups of positivf
(4)
I 1 elements A 1, A 2, A 3, ana A 4 are aBBOOiatad with the I
groups of negative elements A 9, A 10 , A 11 and A 12 res- |
peotively. The oell B has its elements arranged in the
same manner as those of the oell A. The first group of
elements of this oell oomprises the positive elements 31
ana the negative elements B £, the positive elements B 1
having connected thereto a binding post or other terminal
B 5 and the negative elements B 9 having connected thereto
a binding post or other terminal B IS. The second group
oomprises positive elements B 2 and negative elements B 10
provided with binding posts or other terminals B 6 and B 14
respectively. The third group comprises positive elements
ft s and negative elements B 11 provided with binding posts
II or other terminals B 7 and B 15 respectively. The fourth
group oomprises positive elements B 4 and negative elements
B 12 provided with binding posts or other terminals B 8
I ana B 16 respectively. Eaoh of the groups of elements of
I eaoh of the oells may comprise tho same number of positive
elements as of negative elements, as for example, fifteen
of each, or preferably there is one more negative element
than positive element in eaoh group, as, for example, fif¬
teen positive elements and sixteen negative elements.
As a means for charging the battery and as
I illustrating my improved method, the following arrangement
| of circuits may be employed:- Direct ourrent mains are
I shown at 1 and 2 and are provided with suitable terminals
I 3 and 4 respectively, whioh are adapted to be connected to
I any suitable souroe of aurrent , as, for example, the gener-j
I ator D, by means of the switch ,3, the terminal J5 being in-
(5)
1 tended to be oonneotea to the positive brush or terminal od '
the souroe of current, and the terminal 4 being intended tc
|| be oonnaoted to the negative brush or terminal of the source
| " of ourrent, The generator D may be a dynamo eleotrio ma-
Iohine adapted to be driven at other times as a motor by
ourrent supplied from the battery.
I j>or oharging the first group of elements of eaoh
|i oell, a double pole switoh 5 is provided, having one termi-
1 nal oonneotea to the positive direot ourrent main 1 by the
Ioonduotor 6, and another terminal oonneoted to the negative
aireot ourrent main 2 by the oonduotor 7.. The terminal of
the switch 5 which is adapted to be oonneotea to the posi¬
tive side of the direot ourrent main 1 through the oonduot-
or 6 when the switch is olosea is oonneoted to the positive
terminal A 5 of the first group of elements of the oell A
|| by the oonduotor 8, and the terminal of the switoh 5
I which is adapted to be oonneoted to the negative direot
ourrent main 2 through the oonduotor V when the switch is
olosed is oonneotea by the oonduotor £ to the negative
I terminal B 13 of the first group of elements of the oell
B. The negative terminal A 13 of the first group of
j elements of the oell A is oonneoted by the oonduotor 10
I to the positive terminal B 5 of the first group of elements
of the oell B. For oharging the second group of elements
of eaoh of the cells, a double pole switch 11 is provided
having one terminal oonneoted to the positive direot ourr¬
ent main 1 by the oonduotor 12 and another terminal oon¬
neotea to the negative direot ourrent main 2 by the oon-
(6)
dilator 13. The terminal of the switch 11 whioh is adapted
to be oonneoted to the positive direot ourrent main 1
through the oonduotor 12 when the switah is alosed is oon¬
neoted by the oonduotor 14 to the positive terminal A 6 of
the seoond group of elements of oell A, and the terminal
of the Bwitoh 11 whioh is adapted to be oonneoted to the
negative direot ourrent main 2 through the oonduotor 13
when the switch is olosed is oonneoted by the oonduotor 15
to the negative terminal B 14 of the seoond group of ele¬
ments of the oell B. The negative terminal A 14 of the
seoond group of elements of the oell A is oonneoted by the
oonduotor 16 to the positive terminal B 6 of the seoond
group of elements of the oell B. For oharging the third
group of elements of eaoh of the oellS! a double pole switol
17 ia provided having one terminal oonneoted to the posi¬
tive direot ourrent main 1 by the oonduotor 18 and the
other terminal oonneoted to the negative direot ourrent
main 2 by the oonduotor 19. The terminal of the switoh
17 whioh is adapted to be oonneoted to the direot ourrent
main 1 through the oonduotor 18 when the switoh is olosed
is oonneoted by a oonduotor 20 to the positive terminal
A 7 of the third group of elements of the oell A, and the
terminal of the switoh IV whioh iB adapted to be oonneoted
to the negative direot ourrent main 2 through the oonduot¬
or W when the switoh is olosed is oonneoted by oondiiotor
SI to the negative terminal B 15 of the third group of
elements of the oell B. The negative terminal A 15 of the
third group of elements of the oell A is oonneoted by the
oonduotor 22 to the positive terminal B 7 of the third
group of elements of the oell B. For oharging the fourth
(7)
group of elements, a double pole switch 23 is provided hav
ing one terminal oonneoted by the oondnotor 24 to the posi¬
tive direot ourrent main 1 and another terminal oonneoted
by a oondnotor 25 to the negative direot ourrent main 2.
The terminal of the switoh 23 whioh is adapted to be oon¬
neoted t o the positive direct ourrent main 1 through the
oonduotor 24 when the switoh is olosod is oonneoted by a
oonduotor 26 to the positive terminal A 8 of the fourth
group of elements of the oell A, and the terminal of the
switoh 23 whioh is adapted to be oonneoted to the negative
direot current main 2 through the oonduotor 25 when the
switoh is olosed is oonneoted by a oonduotor 27 to the
| negative terminal B 16 of the fourth group of elements of
I It he oell B. The negative terminal A 16 of the fourth
group of elements of the oell A is oonneoted by the oonduot¬
or 28 to the positive terminal B 8 of the fourth group of
elements of the oell B.
When Charging the oells, one or more of the
switohes may be olosed at one time, while the remainder
of the switohes remain open. for example, the switoh 5
may be olosed first and a oirouit is thus established
from the positive direot ourrent main 1 through the oon¬
duotor 6, through one member of the switoh 5, through the
oonduotor 8 to the positive terminal A 5 of the first group
of elements of the oell A, through the first group of ele¬
ments A 1 and A 9 of the oell A to the negative terminal
A 13 of the first group of elements of the oell A, through
the oonduotor 10 to the positive terminal B 5 of the first
group of elements of the oell B, through the first group
(8)
of elements B 1 and B 9, of the oell B to the negative
terminal B IB, through the oonfluotor 9 , through one member
of the switoh 5 and the oonduotor J7 'fco 1,he negative direct
current main S. In this manner, the first group of ele¬
ments of eaoh of the oells is oharged. After this
group of elements has been oharged, the switoh 5 is
opened and the switoh 11 olosed. The closing of the
switoh 11 establishes a oirouit from the positive direot
ourrent main 1 through the seoond group of elements of eaoh
oell and baoh to the negative direct current main 2. After
this group of elements has been fully oharged, the switoh
11 is opened and the switoh 17 olosed. The olosing of the
switoh 17 establishes a oirouit from the positive direot
ourrent main 1 through the third group of elements of eaoh
oell and baok to the negative direot ourrent main Z. After
this group of elements has been fully oharged, the switoh 17i
is opened. The switoh 23, is then olosed and the olosing of
this switoh establishes a oirouit from the positive diroot
ourrent main 1 through the fourth group of elements of eaoh
oell and baoh to the negative direot ourrent main jj. After
this group of elements has been oharged, the switoh 2!3 may
be opened. Obviously, it is immaterial in what order the
switohes are olosed. Under oertnin oiroumstanoes, it may
be advantageous to close several of the switohes at a time
as, for example , switohes 5 and 17 at one time, and 11 and
23 at another. After all the groups of elements have been
oharged, the souroe of ourrent oan fce disoonneoted from the
terminals 3 and 4, as by opening the switch S.
(9)
I
It will be apparent that I have provided a \
I
method for oharging a battery requiring a high oharging rate I
from a souroe of ourrent inadequate to supply ourrent at . I
the oharging rate required for tho entire battery when
charged in tho ordinary way. For example, if in the battery
illustrated, in which there are four subdivisions , a. ourrent
of 2400 amperes is required to efficiently oharge the bat¬
tery, the oharging may bo efficiently aooomplished by my im¬
proved method from a source of current oapable of supplying
only 600 amperes. Furthermore, in oharging a battery by
my improved method, the advantage of having a large quanti¬
ty of electrolyte is obtained , and the heating is materially
refluoed both on account of the . relatively small ourrent em¬
ployed and the large quantity of elaotrolyte present to
radiate the heat through the relatively large containing
A-f-ter-the-battery-haiD-boen-oha-rged-.-^the-i-our-rent-i
be-uti-l.i-zed-bv-closing-alL-0.f_the-Swltohos_5.._lL,-lg_and .22.,
and-ourrent-taken— from-the— ba-ttary-by-oonneo-t-ing— the-termi-
nals-3-and-4-to-a-oi-roui-t— oonta-ini-ng— eu-i-tabl-e-t-Kins-lat-ihg— /
devices, as, for example, the circuit containing the lamps
1, by moans of tho switoh'S.. Or, if desired, the generator]
D may he run as a motor from the battery by connecting, the
terminals 3 and 4 to the circuit containing tho same by j •
means of the 3witoh S_- It may also be desired to utilize
the current from only one or two or throe groiips of elements
In parallel, keeping^ the other groups for emergency work.
It is well known that the electromotive foroe of a oell is
highest at the beginning of discharge, and ourrent taken
from a single fully oharged group of elements may be util -
ized for running the motor on short runs or praotioe oruises
The reoharging of the battery is thus facilitated, and fully]
oharged groups are always available for emergenoieB.
(10).
Having now aesoribea my invention, whet I olaim
aa new and desire to protect by letters Patent of the
United States is^as follows : - ^ ^ / ^
\i The method- of oharging a secondary cell, which
consists in supplying current to some of the elements of
the colouring one period and to other elements during
another period, substantially as set forth.
2. 7 he'-, method of oharging a battery of ^secondary
cells, which coasts in supplying ourrentAto smae of the
elements of eaohWl during one period and^to other
elements of each cell during another period, substantially
set forth. \
3. The method of \o barging a secondary oell, whiah
oonsists in supplying cur^nt successively to groups of
elements of the oell, subs W i ally as sot forth.
4. The method of oharging
ging a battery of secondary
cells, which oonsists in supplying oixrrent successively
to a group of elements of eaoh oell, substantially as set
forth. \
5. The method of charging a bakery of seoondary oel|
which consists in supplying current to groups of elements
in succession, eaoh group containing one group of elements
of eaoh cell, substantially as set forth.
The oombination of a sub-dividea secondary
cell and means for supplying current to any deeded sub¬
division of the oell. substantially as described.
(11)
r. The combination of a battery of sub-divided
seoondary oellB, oonneotions between sub-divisions of
j different' o ells, and means for supplying current to any
desired set of connected sub-aivisions , substantially as
, described.
3. A seoondary oell having groups of elements, each
I group being provided with terminals, substantially as
described.
19. A seoondary ''oell having groups of elements,
eaoh group being provided with terminals, and means for
|j connecting eaoh group of elements in a separate oirouit ,
i| substantially as described.
|| 10. The combination of a seoondary oell having its
|| elements arranged in groups, and a separate oirouit for
[each group of elements, substantially as described.
11. The combination of a battery of seoondary cells
|| eaoh oell having its elements arranged , in groups, and
means for oonneoting in separate circuit's one group of
elements of eaoh oell, substantially as described.
jj 12. The combination of a battery of seoondary cells -
| eaoh oeli having its elements arranged in groups, and
1 means whereby separate circuits may be suooessively
established containing one group of elements of each oell,
j substantially as described.
155. The combination of a battery of seoondary
I oells , eaoh oell having its elements arranged in groups ,X
(12)
Ia source of ourrent , and means for oonneotinB in a single ^
oirouit with the souroe of current one gro^.p of elements
of eaoh cell, substantially as described.
14. The combination of a battery of secondary- .cells...
each cell having its elements arranged in groups, a source
I of current and means for connecting successively in a ^
I] single circuit with the soxiroe of current one group of
I elements of enoh cell, substantially as described.
v- 15. The method of utilizing ourrent from a secondary
0eii, which consists in 'talcing ourrent from some of the ale -
p ments of the cell during one period and from other elements
|j during another period, substantially as set forth.
16. The method of utilizing (the) current from a bat¬
tery of secondary cells, which consists in talcing ourrent,
from some of the elements of eaohoell during one period
andAfrom other dements of each colouring another period
substantially as set forth. \
17. The method of utilizing current from a secondary]
cell, which consists in talcing ourrent successively from
groups of elements of the cells, substantially as set forth|
18. The method of utilizing ourrent from, a battery
of secondary cells, which consists in talcing current suc¬
cessively from a group of elements of eaoh cell, sub¬
stantially as set forth. \
19. The method of utilizing current from a batteW
of secondary cells, which consists in talcing current from,
groups of elements in succession, eaoh group containing on ^
group of elements of esoh cell, substantially os set forth
(13)
v20. The combination of a sub-divided secondary coll
and mine fo^uti^ing current from any desired sub-divisijn
of the cell, substantially as described. I
21. \ho combination of a battery of sub-divided sec¬
ondary cells ^connections ^between sub-divisions of differ- I
ent cells, andNnenns for Rising current from any desired | '
set of oonnectea\ub-divisions. substantially as described. j
22, The combination of a battery of secondary cells,
each cell having its elements arranged in groups, a trans¬
lating device, and means\for connecting in a single series j *
with the translating devio\ one group of elements of each J
cell, substantially as described. j
255, The combination of battery of secondary cells, j
each cell having its elements arranged in groups, a trrns- j .
lating devioe. and means for connecting suooessively in a
single circuit with the translating devioe one group of
elements of each cell, substantially as\described.
24'. The combination of a battery oi,seoondary cells,
j eaoh cell having its elements arranged in groups, a trans-
I lating device, and means for connecting in a single circuit
with the said translating devioe any desired number of |-
J Broups of elements of eaoh cell, substantially as described.
125. The combination of a secondary cell having, its
elements arranged in groups, a discharge circuit, and means
for discharging any desired number of said groups through
said discharge circuit . substantially as described. \
(14)
' 26. "he oorabination of a battery of secondary oells,
Ieaoh cell having its elements arranged in groups, a dis¬
charge circuit, and means for discharging any desired
jj number of groups simultaneously through said discharge
j‘ oirouit, substantially as described.
1
| 27. The combination of a secondary cell having its
jj elements arranged in groups,- a oirouit, and means for oon-
neoting any number of said groups to said oirouit, sub-
jj stnntially aB described.
s
jj 28. The combination of a battery of secondary oells,
jj eaoh oell having its elements arranged in groups , a oirouit
£ and means for oonneoting any number of said groups of ele-
jl ments to said oirouit, substantially as described.
fEIjis Specification signet) ant) butnesseb tljis 2l# ^ bap of tb/UttnX.tX 9 XI-
1 . /■}■(, iaSu.^ .
2. I/P AcUy,^ .
©atb.
State of JJetu JerScp |
Countp of (Essex )
MILLER REUSE HUTCHISON . HJe n*,oJ,£ nnl”Cb
petitioner, being buhj Stnorn, beposes anb saps that Ije is a citijen of tije tHniteb
States, anb a resibent Of v/est Orange , Essex County, New Jersey
tfjat ije berily beliebes himself to be tije original, first anb sole inbentor of the
improbements in
CHARGING SECONDARY CELLS AND UTILIZING THE CURRENT
THE?. EEROM
bescribeb anb claiineb in tije annexeb specification ; tljat Ije boes not knob) anb
boes not beliebe tljat tije same loas eber fenobm or useb before Ijis inbention or
biscoberp thereof ; or patenteb or bescribeb in anp printeb publication in tije
tHniteb States of America or anp foreign countrp before Ijis inbention or
biscoberp thereof, or more tljan tbio pears prior to this application; or patenteb
in anp countrp foreign to tije tHniteb States on an application fileb more tljan
tluelbe months prior to this application; or in public use or on sale in tije
tHniteb States for more than ttoo pears prior to tljis application; anb tljat no
application for patent upon saib inbention IjnS been fileb bp him ov fcis lesnl
representatibes or assigns in anp foreign countrp.
Sbjorn to anb subscribeb before me this »2 £“bap of
'Jiotarp public.
[Seal]
department of the interior
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Washington January 11, 1^12.
Hiller R. Hutohiaon,
o/o Frank L. Dyer, Wa.k ."IP '
Orange , H . J •
. , . , mannmii cation from iho EXAMINER in charge of your application.
Dlviaion la r.quir.d In thl. on.. »•«•••» eW1”“ 1 *°
lnolualva, *Uk oov.r an all.d.d ~tMd of .damme »*”"«•
, nation... olnl». 0. 7. 0 to 14. lnoln.lv.. *l.h an. drain, to an
apparatu. for cdarelne .M> '»««*••. »• ”M0” 0,,V*"
raaroly a op.oifi. fora "f »«*»» “d 01“”° “ ” 2“>
lnolualva. nnlol, oov.r an all.s.d «tW and apparatu. of utlllalne
■battery current.
pnrthar a.tl.n on tk. n.rlt. 1. P.-W-d until thla r.,ulra-
ment shall have been complied with.
As the result of a curBory examination the patents to:
^King. 653^093, July 3, 1900. ^^.J"'****
^ Pliok, 370,°134, Sep. 20, 1887, (204-29),
XH THE united states patent op pice
Miller Reese Hutohison
CHARGING SECONDARY CELLS AND
UTILIZING THE CURRENT .HEREFROM
Piled September 20, 1911
Serial No. 651,697
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OP PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Offioe aotion of
January 11, 1912, please amend the above entitled oase as
4
Page 4, line 9, oanoel "utilizing ourrent by".
Same line, ohange "it" to - ourrent - . Same page, line
20, before "groups" insert - separate - .
Page 10, oanoel lines 17 to 20 inolusivo and _
substitute therefor the following - jlfter the battery has
been charged, ourrent may be tahen from it and utilized by
olosing all of the switches 5, 11. 17 and 23, and oonneot-
ing the terminals 3 and 4 to a oirouit oontaining suitable
translating - . _ _ _
Substitute the following olaims for those now in
'■a\
the application: -
X. The method of charging a secondary cell, whioh
oonsists in supplying ourrent to some of the positive and
negative elements of the oell during one period and to¬
other positive and negative elements during another period
substantially as set forth.
(1)
2. Tho method of oharging a battery of secondary
gens, which consists in supplying current simultaneously
to some of the elements of each coll during one period, and
supplying current simultaneously to other elements of each
cell during another period,- substantially as set forth. |
3. The method of oharging a secondary ooll, which
consists in supplying current successively to groups of
elemontB of the cell, substantially as set forth.
4. The method of oharging a battery of secondary,
cells, which consists in supplying current through differ¬
ent paths through the cells during different periods, each
path including positive and negative elements of each cell,
substantially as set forth.
5. The combination of a sub-divided secondary oell
and jnoans for supplying current to any desired sub-division
of tho oell, substantially as described.
! 6. The combination of a battery of sub-divided
| secondary oollB, connections between sub-diviBions of
different oells, and moans for supplying ourrent to any
desired set of connected sub-divisions, substantially as
! desoribod.
I v. The combination of/seoondury oell having groups
of elements, each group being provided with terminals, and
means for connecting each group of elements in a separate
oirouit, substantially as described.
8. The combination of a secondary oell having its
elements arranged in groups, and a separate circuit for
leach group of elements, substantially as described.
19. Ho combination of a bottory of ooooniany oollo,
oaob ..11 havinG It. olomonta arnancoi la e™-P». and ..ana
whoreby o.panat. oiroait. »y b. moooo.iv.ly o.tabltohad.
oaob oaid oiroait oontominB a droop of olomonta of oaoh
oell, substantially as dosoribod.
10. ae combination of a battery of secondary sells,
each oell baring its elements arranged in groups, a source
of current, and moans for connecting in circuit with the
source of current one or more groups of elements of each
oell. substantially aB described.
11. The method of discharging a secondary oell,
which consists in taking current from some of the positive
; and negative elements of the cell during one period, and
J from other positive and negative elomonts during another
■ period, substantially as sot forth. j
X{ 12. The method of discharging a battery of secondary
J MllBf which consists in taking current simultaneously from
Isome of the elements of each cell during one period, and in
talcing current simultaneously from other elements of each
oell during another period, substantially as Bet forth.
13. The method of discharging a secondary coll, J
which consists in taking current successively from groups
of elements of the cell, substantially as set forth.
14. The mothod of diBoharging a battery of secondary
cells, which consists in taking current from the cells |
through different paths through the cells during different
periods, each path including positive and negative elements
of each oell, substantially as Bet forth.
(3)
16. The combination of a sub-divided secondary cell,
and means for taking and utilizing ourront from any desired
sub-division of the oell, substantially as described.
16. The combination of a hattory of Bub -divided
secondary colls, oonnootions between sub-divisions of
different oells, ana moans for taking and utilising current
from any dosirea Bet of oonnooted sub-divisions, substan¬
tially as aosoribod.
| 17. The combination of a battory of secondary oells,
; eaoh oell having its olements arranged in groups, a trans-
| lating dovioe, and means for connecting in oirouit with the
\ translating devioo one or more groups of eloments of eaoh
'| oell, substantially as described.
18. The combination of a battery of secondary oells,
eaoh ooll having its elements arranged in groups, an eleo-
trioal dovioe, and moans for oonneoting in oirouit with
said devioe any desired number of groups of eloments of
| eaoh oell, substantially as desoribed.
19. The combination of a battory of secondary oells,
eaoh ooll having its elements arranged in groups, a source
of ourront , a translating devioe , and meanB for oonneoting
in oirouit with either the souroe of ourrent or the trans¬
lating devioe any desired number of groups of elemontB df
eaoh oell, substantially as doBoribed.
REMARKS
The olaims have been rewritten for the purpose
of better defining applicant's invention and in partial'- com-
I plionoe with, tho requirement of divioion. In the Offioe
j notion of January 11, 1912, division was required between
groupB of olaims oovoring subjeot matter as follows: -
(a) Method of charging storage batteries
(b) Apparatus for charging storage batteries
(o) A speoifio form .of. battery ooll
(d) Method and apparatus for utilizing battery
ourrent
In the claims now submitted there is no olaim for a stor¬
age battery ooll per se. It is believed that the olaims
| now presented are properly examinable in a single applica¬
tion. All of the apparatus olaims road upon the single
| figure of the drawing and some of then, for example, olaims
| 7, 8, 9, 18 and 19, oovor systems adapted for either oharg-
ing or discharging a ooll or battery or for both. fhe
apparatus olaimed is adapted for oarrying out either the
proooss of oharging a oell or battery or for discharging
I a oell or battery or for both. furthermore, it is belioved
that the requirement of division between olaims for the
method of oharging storage batteries and for the apparatus
adapted for use for that purpose 1b not a proper one, be-
! oauso of the relation between the prooess and apparatus,
i In this oonneotion referenoo is made to Steinmotz vs. . Allen,
I 109 O.S., 549, in whioh the Supreme Court held that the
statute gives the right to join inventions in one applica¬
tion in oases where the inventions are related, the particu¬
lar oase under consideration being an application containing
both prooess and apparatus olaims. In a subsequent deoision
by the Commissioner of Patents., Ex parte Ament, 116' O.G. ,
(5)
596, it was held that prooesa and apparatus olaims may in
some oases be so related as to make it proper to include
them in one application, that a requirement of division
should not be based upon the broad and general proposition
that the prooess and apparatus are always independent, and
that if the Examiner should oonoludo that the particular
prooess and particular apparatus under consideration are
not so related as to warrant including them in one oase,
ho should state his reasons for this oonolusion. Further¬
more, in ex parte Steinmeta, 117 0. 6., 901, where the
Steinmeta application was again under consideration, the
Commissioner said:- "The sole question presented for de¬
cision is whether the subjeot matter stated in the prooess
olaims is so separate and independent of the subjeot matter
stated in tho apparatus olaims as to warrant requiring that
the olaims be presented in soparate applications". It is
also believed that the field of search and classification
is the same for all of the olaimB now in this application.
Reconsideration of the requirement of division insofar as
it relates to the subjeot matter of tho olaims now sub¬
mitted, and action on the merits are requested.
Respeotfully submitted,
HILLER REESE HUTCHISON
His Attorney
Orange, Hew Jersey
January 6, 1913. •
D1V..-28— Room... 106
VCO
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
Frank 1. Eyer,
. Orange,--- .
Hew Jersey,
Please find, below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge' of the application of
Ulller.Il. -Bit ohlson,. -Serial— Ho-^-.fiSlr697,..X.iled..Sapt,-2ar-1911, .
....fer. Charging-Secondarsr..Oells-and-Utilizing.-the -Current-Therofrom,-.
In response to amendment of Jan, 7, 1913,
It does not seem to the examiner that there is suoh an
intimate relation between the method and apparatus claims in
this oase that they should be permitted to stand in a single
application. In this conneotion applicant's attention is
direoted to the decision in ex parte McMahon. 48 0, 0,, 255,
Consequently, division is required between claims 1 to 4, con¬
stituting one set, claims 5 to 10 and 15 to 19, constituting
another set, and claims 11 to 14, constituting a third set.
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pf? CO# ^
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G/y h^yiiA ^Mh\ . ;
' - • ^UAfckMi'bnnrt. Mj- a*q ’
fXytWjtjtiMMA s(Zlr{ . •-
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3 UiTl/Vy Art z£C‘ y 3/y ^lUAil-r
fifwh * *+■ <&C~(>foWkM’&K
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MU\ r^&ttti lrL •
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€c£gr‘Z%vy- Mv\
‘^YW-tLsOLQ'T**
Edison Storage Battery Co.
Orange, N.J.,U.S.A.
i KS3«i2*A
; J. ^/m^x/uML^ -,] Mm Str* *** I
7Jn>J OUjL
The attaohed drawing is a part of an application about
to be filed for an invention of Mr. Hutchison's relating to oharg-
ing secondary cells and utilizing the current therefrom. Will
you kindly sign this drawing. Mr. Hutchison has assigned the
United States rights in this invention to the Storage Battery Co.
and the foreign rights to Mr. Edison. Mr. Hutchison is of the
opinion that foreign applications ought to be filed on this in¬
vention. Perhaps it would be well to postpone a consideration of
this matter until we have reoeived the first Patent Offioe aotion.
January 18, 1912.
Mr . Dyer :
I hand you herewith an application of Mr. Hutchison's
for Charging Secondary Cells and Utilising the Current Therefrom,
Folio 785, assigned to the Edison Storage Battery Company- The
first Office action in this case is a requirement for division,
and two references are cited as the result of a cursory examina¬
tion. The invention is not disclosed in either of these refer¬
ences. Mr. Hutchison recommends that foreign applications be
filed on this invention in the following countries: England,
France, Germany, Italy, Russia, Japan, Argentine, Brazil and
Chile.
Please advise me what you wish done in this matter.
February 2, 1912.
I have your memo 2038-A, of February 1, enclos¬
ing memo from Lanahau, in the matter of Foreign Patents
for charging secondary cells, and utilizing the current
therefrom, Folio 785.
This invention is of especial value on sub¬
marines and electric locomotives. Especially does this ob¬
tain in submarines, because there we have great difficulty
in cooling the cells when charging rapidly. Of necessity,
the size of the air intake and outlet pipes, for ventilat¬
ing and cooling, are small, owing to the difficulty of
occluding such a passage, if of considerable diameter, to
prevent ingress of water, when submerged.
In this patent, 1 divide each cell into several
groups, and treat each group separately. That is, suppos¬
ing we have an S-20, consisting of twenty positive plates.
This cell would be made up in two groups of ten positives
and eleven negatives to each group, having their respect¬
ive binding posts, but both' groups submerged in the same
electrolyte. All of No. 1 groups are connected together
in series, and all of No . 2 groups are connected together
in series. Naturally, when charging at a high rate, or in
fact, at normal rate, in Tropical waters, the greater
radiating surface per ampere passing through the cell,
the more effectually will the cells be cooled. It is there¬
fore evident that by charging all of the No. 1 groups
first, and following by a charge of No. 2 groups after¬
ward, we have a very flexible arrangement.
The use of lead storage batteries in submarines
is attended by much difficulty in cooling, and this in¬
vention is applicable to lead cells as well as to Edison
cells. The fact that it has not before been patented gives
us a very excellent opportunity of shutting out the lead
cell, and inasmuch as the use of large units in submar¬
ines is increasing rapidly, and South American Countries
are entering very energetically into the construction of
submarines, I deem it very important that we patent this
feature in all Countries of any importance.
Another interesting feature of this invention
is the ability to discharge the cells one group at a time.
Supposing a submarine goes out for a practice rim. She
uses only No. 1 groups, and when she returns, charges
that one group up. In the event of ' unforeseen conditions
arising, she has No. 2 group always fully charged. This
makes the boat more flexible in maneouvering, as she can
February 13 , 1912.
Mr. Dyer
The Submarine Cell patents have not, as yet, bean
prepared.
We are taking big chances.
1 am called upon to furnish detail working drawings
to the Wellman-Seaver-Morgan Company, and to the United States
Gov erhment on this new pontoon crane battery, in which X will
use S-6 cells. Construction cannot be started on the batteries
'until the drawings have been approved by the Navy Department.
X do not dare to forward the drawings until the patents have
been put into the office, because I have no way of determin¬
ing as to who will see them after they leave our Works.
I also do not think the Foreign pa tents have been
applied for, for this method of dividing the elements of
a cell into groups. This is very, important, as I am describing
this feature to several Foreign Governments. Have to do it.
This Submarine Battery matter has been in preparation now
for a year and one-half, and I want to see some results
come into that Factory.
I- trust you will facilitate the patent end as
much as possible, and thereby greatly oblige,
Q'V-C'C c~e-^
Urecc-
February 15,
1912.
Mr. Dyer:-
In reply to your memo herewith, patents in the follow¬
ing oountries will oost as follows
First Cost
— Great Britain- fl*
— Germany
— Franoe
— Italy
Russia
— Japan
Argentine
— Brazil
!hili
Before expiration
§670.00
1785.00
800.00
649.00
1680.00
. 375.00
635.00
890.00
250.00
J. 3 £ T'
In the past we have taken out patents in Japan,
Argentine, 3razil and Chili through Van Oldenneel, and I have
taken the oost from his prioe list, but I find that KarksS: Clerk’s
(Hew York) prioe list is considerably lower. If it is correot,
we oan have them attend to the filing of the applications and
save about §145.00. fj j,
F. 3)1 /ilewis
L-S
tyW nt t
. 7 \
February 21, 1912.
Mr. Hutchison
' In the matter of your inventions on the submarine
cell, Mr. Dyer has instructed me to prepare a single United
States application including all of the features of this cell,
and to defer the matter of foroign applications on this con¬
struction until after the filing of the United States application.
HD-JS
C'JlL 4-
Ootober 3, 1912.
Mr. Dyer:-
V/e have three patents in Japan and one pending ap¬
plication - all on storage batteries.
polio 87 - Pour years to run. Tax will total §115.00
Polio 88 - " " " " " " " "
Polio 182- Seven " " " " " " §185.00
Pending application the one referred to in Van Oldenneel bill.
Polio 726 - Providing no appeal is neoessary, this oase will
oost us before expiration §245.00 taxes and about §100.00 for
working if the latter is done by advertising. The total, in¬
cluding first oost tax and working, will be about §468.00.
The above inoludos Van Oldenneel’ s services whioh are about
100$ above actual Patent Offioe fees.
•V
$
Argentine Republio
~ One pending application on Storage Battery (Hutohison
oase referred to in Van Oldenneel bill). Ten years - §153.00 .
-^Aax^ ^or next nine years at §25.00 per year will be §225.00.
Total without working §378.00. The actual government fee for
tax is about §5.00. If we oould arrange to pay it ourselves
it will bring the total tax down to §45.00. (Mr. Kennedy is
looking into the matter)
Brazil
One pending application on Storage Battery (Hutohison
oase referred to in Van Oldenneel bill) Fifteen years - §184.50.
Taxes will amount to §675.50 - total §860.00 Van Oldenneel charge.
PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
Memorandum
October 7, 19X2.
Mr. Lewis:
Referring to the attached memorandum, is Folio
jjfa ' jjlo. 726 the Hutchison Patent in Jar an?/ Also advise me^if
I r^there are any patents
i, I taxes are payable.
P1,T>/lYA7
i the battery in Argentine
I
F. L. D.
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i'obruary 22,
1913
Kiss laidlaw:-
301,10 785 - HU- CHIS01I
Although this application is to be dropped, please
hoop it in the pending files until it becomes abandoned, inas¬
much as it may be of interest in connection with the applica¬
tion on submarine cells to be filed in Mr. Hutchison's name.
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 794 Kinetoscope
U.S. Patent#: 1204424
Primary Applicant: Gall, Adolph F
Date Executed: 10/9/1911
. 1 '“7 — V^/^Vv^ ^-'
lj- I sens' you herewith the papers in allowed/ application .
Folio 794 relating to the Home P. K. ^
\?\£> S The claimB which were allowed in this application cover
& ^ /
A 5* vj oniy the film shifting ana feeding meohanism shown in Figs . 6
■vf\s . J and iLl to 15 of the drawings in the application.
• 7$ £ \ Js^ne following four sets of claims, each set relating
t v $o a different feature of the machine, were canceled from the
| ^ ^^priginal specification in compliance with a requirement for
^ ^ division hy the Patent office
i-4 jls
X . 1. Original claims 19 to 22 covering the means for
' W <K
£ % tensioning ana holding the film flat while passing projecting
position, which means is shown in Figs-. 9, 11, 20 and 21 of the
^ 3 Cr" irawings in the application.
3 t$_ 2. Original claims 24 to 27 inclusive covering the
A — ^ film winding means, which means is shown in Figs. 7, 8, 18 and
^ \A 19 of the drawings in the application.
3. Original claims 38 and 39 covering the lens
~J \ mounting or^Sto^device, which is shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the
5 \ drawings of the application and which comprises the parts numbered
Claims 40 to 42 inclusive <
raring the lamp house
mounting, which is shown in Figs. 2, 16 and 17 of the drawings
of the application.
-2-
There are two questions to be decided; First, do
you oonsider the invention covered by the allowed claims of
the present application of sufficient importance to warrant
taking out the patent? This will involve a payment of $20.00
for the final Government fee. Second, do you wish a divisional
application or applications filed on the subjeot matter covered
by any of the four sets of claims enumerated above. In con¬
nection with the latter question, your attention is directed to
the fact that should you decide that it is advisable to file
a divisional application or applications, the same must be
filed before the payment of the final fee on the allowed appli¬
cation, which fee is due October 17, 1916.
Please advise.
G.
wh-js
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 801 Cement Kilns
Serial #: 655902
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 10/16/1911
Serial
petition
®o tlje Commissioner ot patents:
gour petitioner thomas a. Edison
a citijen of tfje ©niteb States, resibing anb fjabing a $ost ©ffice abbress at
Llewellyn Park, West Orange, Essex County, flow Jersey
praps tfjat letters patent map be granteb to Ijim for tfje improbements in
UKMF.NT KILNS
Set fortlj in tfje annexeb specification ; anb ije Ijerebp appoints Jfranfe 3L JBpcr
(Registration Mo. 560), of ©range, J2eto JerSep, Ijis attornep, toitfj full
potoer of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tljis application, to ntafee
alterations anb amenbments tfjerein, to receibe tlje patent, anb to transact all
business in tlje patent ©ffice connected tijeretuitb.
SPECIFICATION
TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:
BE IT KNOW, that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a citizen
of the United States and a resident of Llewellyn Park,
West Orange, Essex County, New Jersey, have Invented
certain new and useful improvements in CEMENT KILNS,
of which the following is a specif ication: -
My invention relates to cement kilns of the
rotary type and has for its objects methods and means for
improving and rendering more economical the operation of
such kilns. Hitherto it has been the practioe to make use
of eaBlly combustible materials, such as gas, oil, or
bituminous coal, as fuel for heating such kilns. The fuel
is projected into the lower end of the kiln usually by
means of an air blast and ignited. When fuels of this
character are used for this purpose, complete combustion
takes pla,ce very rapidly, and the high temperature flame
produced thereby extends only a limited distance into the
kiln. As a result, the length of the clinkering zone is
limited and trouble is experienced due to the formation of
chalk rings or accumulations of raw material where the raw
material enters the clinkering zone. By employing more
difficultly. combustible materials, or a mixture of more
easily and more difficultly combustible materials, the
heat in the kiln is extended over the entire area, arid is
somewhat reduced in intensity, and the clinkering zone is
i considerably lengthened. I have found that these
: advantageous results may be obtained by using a mixture of
; pulverized anthracite and bituminous coals. When such a
ij mixture is used, the bituminous coal ignites almost im-
ij mediately upon entering the kiln and supplies sufficient
Ij heat to ignite the anthracite coal, which burns further
ji up the kiln, forming a long continuous flame of high
i: temperature, and the troubles due to chalk rings hitherto
| experienced are materially reduced. The clinkering zone
ji is considerably lengthened, and its outline is less sharply
|i defined than when using bituminous coal straight, and
j| greater economy of operation is secured. For exanple,^
ij it has been found that by employing a mixture of 35^ ari-
!| thraoite and 65^ bituminous, about 10'/ more clinker may be
j! burned with the same amount of ooal than when using bi-
tuminous coal alone. Furthermore, by my invention, the
ij lower and cheaper grades of anthraoite coal may be utilized,
i| and a considerable saving of expense thus effected. When
j| using a mixture of anthracite and bituminous coals, I
have found it desirable to employ an auxiliary oil burner
in order to start the kiln and raise it to a clinkering
| temperature. Where a very large percentage of pulverized
anthraoite coal is mixed with a small percentage of bitumin-
oub coal, as for example, a mixture of 78 / anthracite and
28^ bituminous, the auxiliary oil burner is necessary
not only when starting the kiln, but also in caBe the heat
becomes reduced due to a stoppage or to variations in the
operation of the kiln. Wy invention consists also in the
provision of means for spreading the mixture of pulverized
ij coal and air as it is projected into the kiln, so as to brea
j| up the column of ooal and air in such a manner that the
heat of the kiln can come into intimate contact with it
I 2
| and cause tho ignition of the pulverized coal to take
| place more readily. My improved spreading device ia
|j adjustable so that a greater or lens distribution of the
pulverized coal can bo obtained, as is found neoessary or
!! desirable, thus changing the location of tho heat in the
!j kiln.
Ii jn order that my invention may be more roadily
:| understood, reference is had to the drawings accompanying
j; and forming part of this specification, and in which - j
jj Figure 1 ia a side elevation partly in section
! showing a rotary kiln provided v/ith fuel feeding apparatus
| aquippod v/ith my improved spreading dovioe:
\ Figures 2 and 3 are side and plan views respect-
|l ively of ray improved spreading device applied to the end
j of a fuel supply tube or pipe;
| Figure 4 is a side elevation partly in section
j showing a rotary kiln provided v/ith fuel feeding apparatus
j! and v/ith an auxiliary oil burner; and
I Figure 5 is a sectional view on the line 5-5 of
Figure 4.
!| Referring to the drawings and. particularly to
| Figures 1, 2 and 3 thereof, the lower/ of a rotary kiln is
jl shown at 1 opening into a chamber 2 which is provided
| with a chute 3 for directing the clinkered material into
| a cooling cylinder 4. The chamber 2 is provided with an
j| opening 5 opposite the end of the rotary kiln. Through
j the opening 5 is extended the end of a fuel supply pipe
| 6. The fuel Bupply pipe 6_ is supplied through a pipe 2.
jj froma hopper 8 with pulverized fuel, preferably a mixture
ji of pulverized anthracite and "bituminous coals, and is
j supplied with air under pressure through a pipe 9 which
S is connected to any suitable means for supplying the com-
5 pressed air. The pipe i is provided with a valve 10, and
| the pipe 9 with a valve 11 for controlling the supply of
i! pulverized fuel and air. Any other suitable means may be
| employed for this purpose. The end of the fuel supply
Jl pipe 6 which extends into the ohamber 2 is provided with
jj a a ovine 18 for spreading tho fuel whioh is projected from
jl the pipe 6. The fuel spreading device 12 is illustrated
j more in detail in figures 2 and 3 and includes a sleeve 13
lj adjustably mounted upon tho pipe 6. The sleeve 13 has
| projections or extensions 14 and 15 extending parallel to
|j the pipe 6 and beyond the end thereof. Supported by the
projections 14 and 15 is a oone-shaped portion 16 having
! its apex turned toward the opening in the end of the pipe
6 and looated substantially in the line of the axis of. the
said pipe. The fuel spreading device 12 may be adjusted
by moving the sleeve 13 along the pipe 6 so as to vary the
i distance between the oone-shaped portion and the end of the
pipe and thereby oontrol the distribution of the pulverised
| fuel whioh is projected from the fuel supply pipe 6.
j In Figures 4 and 5 of tho drawings, I have illus-
|| trated a somewhat modified form of fuel feeding apparatus
of whioh an atixiliary oil burner forms a part. In this
j modification two fuel feeding pipes 21 and 22 are provided,
having their ends extending into the ohamber 2 through tho
opening 6. Eaoh of these pipes is preferably provided with
a fuel spreading dovioe 12 similar to that illustrated in
j Figures 1, 2 and 3. The hopper 8 is provided with two
connecting pipes 23 and 24 for supplying pulverized fuel
to the fuel supply pipeB 21 and 22 respectively. Air is
supplied to the pipes 21 and 22 from any convenient source
through the pipe 9. Valves 11' may be provided in the
i pipes 21 ana 22 and '.valves lO’’ in the pipes 23 and 24 for
| controlling the supply of pulverized fuel and air. An
I auxiliary oil burner 25. whio11 may b0 oonveni0ntly l0_
j oated between the two pipes 21 and 22 is provided for
starting the kiln and raising it to a clinkering heat, and
| aiso in oase the heat beoomes reduoed, due to stoppage or
j variations in the operation of the kiln. The oil burner
I 25 is supplied with oil from any convenient souroe through
| the pipe 26 and the oonneotion 27. The oil burner may
|i be supplied with air through the pipe 9 ana the flexible
j connection 28. A valve 89 is . provided for controlling the |
oil supply and a valve 30 for controlling the supply of
j air to the oil burner. The oil burner 25 is detaohably
connected to the connection 27 and the connection 28 is
| made of flexible material in order to enable the oil burn¬
er to be removed from the opening 5 after the kiln has been
started or when not otherwise needed.
Having now described my invention, what X claim
and desire to protect by letters Patent of the United Statej
| "1. A method hf heating's ro'tary oemant kiln, which
1 consists^ projecting into the kiln a pulverized mixture
| of easily and difficultly combustible fuels, and igniting
j the same, substantially as set forth.
2. A method of heating a rotary cement kiln, which
consists in projecting intoNhe kiln a mixture of finely
j divided anthracite and bituminous coals, and igniting the
Isame, substantially as set forth. \
3. a method of heating a rotary cement., kiln, which
I 5 ■
Ij oonsiata in pro, looting into tho lower ond of tho Jciln a
|j stream composed of a mixture of air and pulverised easily
I! \ .
| and difficultly combustible fuels, and igniting the same,
ij substantially as set forth. /
A method of heating a rotary oement kiln, which
s in proj ecting into the lower end of the kiln a
|] stream composed of a mixture of air and anthracite and
jj hituminous coals, and .igniting the same, substantially
•! as set forth.
I 8. A method of heating a rotary oement kiln, which
jj consists in projooting into the lower end of the kiln
Ij pulverized fuel, and spreading' arid igniting the same,
ji substantially as set forth ,
6. A method of heating a rotary cement kiln, which
consists in projecting into the lower end bf the kiln a
pulverized mixture of easily and difficultly scombustible
fuels, and in spreading and igniting the same, substantial¬
ly as set forth.
7. A method of heating a rotary oement kiln,\which
consists in projecting into the lower end of the kiln^a
mixture of pulverized anthracite and bituminous coals, and
spreading and igniting the name, substantially as set
8. in cement burning apparatus, the combination
with a rotary kiln, of means for supplying pulverized
fuel to the same, the said fuel supplying means being
provided with means for spreading the fuel, substantially
as described.
I '9.' in cement burning apparatus, the combination with I y
a rotary kiln. of means for supplying pulverised fuel to
the same, the saia fuel supplying means being provided with
adjustable means for spreading the fuel, substantially as
8 desoribed.
|| 10. Means for. supplying pulverized fuel to a rotary r
jj oement kiln, including a fuel supply pipe and a fuel sproad-
ing devioe mounted thereon, substantially as desoribed.
| li. Means for supplying pulverized fuel to a rotary (.y ■
! oement kiln, inoluding a fuel supply pipe ana a fuel spread-
| ing device adjustably mounted thereon, substantially as
I aesorihea.
\ y
j| 12. Means for supplying pulverizea fuel to a rotary
| oement kiln, inoluding a fuel supply pipe and a fuel spread-
j mg device mounted in operative relation to the end of the
jj said pipe, and having a tapered portion adjustable to and
1 from the opening of the said pipe, substantially as de-
Isoribed.
'13. In oement burning apparatus, the oombination with
a rotary kiln, of means for heating the same, comprising
| means for projecting pulverized fuel into the kiln, and
I an auxiliary heating means, substantially as desoribed.
14. In oement burning apparatus, the oombination
, j with a rotary kiln, of means for heating the same, oom-
|i prising means for projecting pulverized fuel into the kiln.
|! and an oil burner, substantially aB described.
15.. in oement burning apparatus, the oombination
with a rotary kiln, of means for heating the same, oom-
prising means for projecting pulverized fuel into the kiln
\
ana spreading the same, ana an auxiliary heating means,
substantially as aesoribea.
16. In oement burning apparatus, the oombination
with a rotary kiln, of means for heating the same, oom-
prising adjustable means for projecting pulverized fuel in¬
to the kiln and spreading the same, and an auxiliary heat¬
ing means, substantially aB aesoribea.
17. In oement burning apparatus, the oombination
with a rotary kiln, of moans for heating the same, com¬
prising means for projecting pulverized fuel into the kiln
and spreading the same, ana an oil burner, substantially
as described.
'3! Id. In oement ' burning apparatus, the oombination
with a rotary kiln, of means for heating the same, com¬
prising adjustable means for projecting pulverized fuel
into the kiln and spreading the same, and an oil burner,
substantially as described.
19.. In oement burning apparatus, the combination
with a rotary kiln, of means for heating the same, com¬
prising means for projecting pulverized fuel into the kiln
and means for spreading the same, said means being independ-
| ently adjustable, substantially as described.
®ljiss specification Signet) nnt) boitneSSeb iljis '^ba? 0f^-^-l9l (
\TCsD-4 . $ (£&&-'
WS&itncmti):
X .3L*
.*L
r:!,fc/ .
2. (/P:
®atb.
g>tate of J?ctu Jersey [
Count? of Cssex )
, tijc abobe natneb
petitioner, being bulif Otuorn, foeposteg anb stop# tljat ije is a citizen of tijc iHntteo
states, anb a resibent Of IilaWBllyn P(lrlCi west Orange. Essex County
Hew Jersey
tljat ije beriUj belicbes fjiinsclf to be tijc original, first anb Sole inbentor of tijc
itnprobenients in .
0 EMEUS' KILNS
beScribeb anh clauneb in tijc annexeb specification ; tljat Ije boes not Unob) anb
boes not beliebe tljat tlje same boas eber Unolnn or useb before Ijis inbention or
biscober? thereof; or patenteb or beScribeb in an? printeb publication in tlje
XHniteb states of America or an? foreign countr? before ijis inbention or
biscober? tljereof, or more tfjan ttoo ?ears prior to tljis application; or patenteb
in an? countr? foreign to tlje Unitcb states on an application fileb more tfjan
ttoelbe months prior to tljis. application; or in public use or on sale in tlje
Uniteb States for more tljan ttuo ?earS prior to tljisf application; anb tljat no
application for patent upon saib inbention IjaS been fileb b? him or fjte
representatibes or assigns in an? foreign countr?.
g>tuorn to anb subscribeb before me tljis /t ^ bn? of 19 1 '
J2otar? public.
[ftcal]
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Orange , IT. 3.
1‘lnaee find below a communication from tho EXAMINER in oharge of your application.
for Cement Kilns, filed Oot. 21, 1911, (Serial ITo. 666,902.
The claims in this case cover two distinct inventions and
division is accordingly required.
Claims 1 to 7 , inclusive, cover a method for burning pulver¬
ized fuel and the remaining claims covor a fuel feeding apparatus.
by, 33 t
&*rv-^. — “tf- CyfLyu^-'
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IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT Oi’PICE
Thomas A. Edison
CEMENT KIMS
Piled Ootober 21, 1911
Serial No. 665,902
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OP PATENTS ,
SIR:
In response to the Office uotion of
November 25th, 1911, please amend the above entitled oase
as follows : -
Canoel olaims 1 to 7 inolusive and renumber the
remaining olaims as 1 to 12 inolusive.
REMARKS
Claims 1 to 7 have been oanoeled in response to
I the requirement of division. Applicant reserves the right
j to file a divisional application covering tho subject matter
of the oanoeled olaims.
Aotion on the merits of the olaims now in the
oase is requested.
P.eBpeotfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISON
IBy a-'w — _
His Attorney
Room No. 236 ....
Orange, New Jersey
November 22, 1912
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON December 17, 1912.
Thomas A. Edison,
Care Frank L. Dyer,
Orange , H . J .
Please find, below a communication from
for Cement KilnB, filed Oet. 21, 1911, Serial Ho. 6B5,902.
_ Commissioner of Pnlcnts.
This oaoe has been considered as amended Hovember 23,
Since the part 1 is referred to aB a rotary kiln some
means should be shown for rotating the same.
Claims 1-6 inclusive, 8, 9 and 12 are rejected on the
art of record, particularly Zell.
Claims 7, 10 and 11 are.rojeoted in view of either
Linhard, 969°, 169, Sept. 6, 1910, Class 110-104; or
Sohutz, 836°,!^. Hov. 20, 1906, " 110-28.
Larsen, 824,728,,- July 3. 1906, Class
Chapman, 32?°,7t7y Hov. 3, 188b, "
JAangelsdorff ,977, 113, Hov. 29,1910, "
Wilson et al ,438^872, Oct. 21,1890, "
Leede, 292,236, Jan. 22, 1884, "
110-104;
158-118;
110-104;
110-22;
110-22.
TKe Edison Portland Cement Co. / i
TnKA*- .*■ ' P. O. ADDRESS.
mV. Thomap Aj Edison,
s. STEWARTSVILLE, N. J. BAVA""AH■ DA
July 24th, 191#
/W
foieon Laboratory,
I have a letter from tho Legal] Department asking^
for information in regard to tho Spreader Gun^ burning oil
in the Kiln, &o. , ana the following are present conditions.
I thought you might he able to describe to the Legal De¬
partment the type of patent whioh would be moBt advantageous.
After reading this, will you please turn it over to
the Legal Department with suoh comments as seem to you neces¬
sary.
In burning anthraoite ooal mixed with gas ooal we
have found that with a mixture of 35# anthracite ana 66# bi¬
tuminous, we are able to burn about 10# more olinker with the
same amount of ooal than we could when using the gas ooal
straight. We attribute this to the fact that the heat in the
kiln is extended over a longer area and is somewhat less in
intensity than with the gas ooal straight, aue to the fact
that the gaB ooal ignites almost immediately upon entering
the kiln and supplies sufficient heat to ignite the anthra-
oito, whioh burns further up the kiln making a long continuous
-1-
-2-
Mr. Edison.
flame of high temperature. By this meane we have discovered
that there is very muoh less trouble from chalk rings or accumu¬
lations of raw material partially cindered as the raw material
enters the olinkering zone, and the olinker zone is considerably
lengthened and itB outline less sharply defined than when using
gaB ooal straight.
When using this mixture of anthraoite and gas ooal, it
is desirable to have an auxilliary oil burner in order to start
the kiln and get it into a olinkering heat, as the mixture bums
very slowly when the kiln is cold, and it is very difficult to
get the heat without the addition of oil.
When burning a larger percentage of pulverized anthra¬
oite with bituminous, say 75$ anthraoite and 25$ bituminous or
gas, the auxilliary oil burner is neoessary, not only when
starting the kiln, but also in case the heat becomes reduced y
due to stoppage of the kiln or variations in the operations. "
. 'it has also been found desirable and neoessary with
I a higher percentage of anthraoite, say from 50$ up, to use a
\ Spreader on the pipe injecting the mixture of pulverized ooal
gb an a air into the kiln. This Spreader breakB up the column of
ooal and air so that the heat of the kiln oan come into intimate
oontaot with it and oause the ignition of the pulverized ooal
more rapidly.
\ Sketoh of this Spreader is enclosed, and by adjusting
| the Spreader oloser or further from the end of the pipe, greater
g 7-24-11.
Mr. Edison.
or less distribution of the pulverised ooal can be obtained.
as is found necessary or desirable, thus changing the Ibcation
of the heat in the kiln.
So far our best results have been obtained by burning
a mixture of 36# anthraoite and 66# gas ooal.
By this means we can utilise the lower and cheaper
erades of anthraoite ooal.and this effeots oonsiderable saving.
It would seem if we oould pulverise anthraoite sufficiently
.. >01111 1. all. « « *•»*«* *”J 5““ °°°1'
Yours very truly,
WHil-KR.
Eno. 1.
te&fijwon-
TKe Edison Portland Cement Co.
is. STEWARTSVILLE, N. J. 8‘v‘"h
July 24, 1911.
legal Department,
Edison laboratory.
Orange, H. J.
Mr, Prank D. lewis.
Dear Sir:
Your letter of the 21st inst. to Mr. Mallory has been
referred to me. I beg to advise that I have written to Mr.
Edison giving him facts and a sketch of this Gun.
I do not just know what he wants to cover in thiB
patent, and I thought it best to give him the opportunity to
go over my letter and forward it to you with hiB comments.
Hoping this is satisfactory, I am )
Yours very truly.
WHM-BR.
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 806 Method of Forming Sound-Record Molds
U.S. Patent#: 1097985
Primary Applicant: Moore, Sherwood T
Date Executed: 11/29/191 1
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 813 Alternating-Current Rectifier
U.S. Patent#: 1221981
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 12/12/1911
/ ,1 , September 29 , 1916
.*,1. .<*•='** T
Mr. Edison. p0II0 813 - applioatiorftof Thomas A.E^ison for
Alternating Current Reotifiers, filed Deonr-BO, 1911,
Serial Ho. 668,611 ^
Claims 6 to 11 inclusive of this application are under
final rejection. The invention covered by these claims is the
use of a carbon contact on the annature in a reotifier. The
finally rejected olaims read as follows :-
6. In an alternating current rectifier, an elongated
armature of magnetic material provided with a carbon contact,
substantially as described.
7. In an alternating current reotifier, an armature,
a oarbon contact oarried thereby, and means for vibrating the
armature in synchronism with the ourrent to be rectified, sub
stantially as described.
8. In an alternating current reotifier, an elonga¬
ted soft iron annature pivotally mounted at.
and provided with a oarbon contact member at the other end,
substantially as described.
9. In an alternating current reotifier, a station¬
ary contact member having a large oontaot surface, anda
Plurality of oarbon contacts adapted to co-operate therewith
by movement into and out of contact therewith, substantially
as described.
10. In an alternating current rectifier, the com¬
bination of a carbon contact, and means for vibrating the
same in synchronism with the alternating current to be recti-
fied, substantially as described.
11. In an alternating current reotifier, a station¬
ary contact member and a contact member adapted to j
therewith and to be moved into and out of operative relation
thereto in synchronism with the alternating ourrent to be
rectified? o™ of £aid contacts being of carbon, substantially
as desoribed.
-2-
The references upon which the claims are rejected are
British patent 18608 of 1901 and U.S. patent to Russell 756,048.
The British patent shows a rectifier of substantially the same
type as the rectifier shown in this application. See particularly
Pig. 2 of the British patent. In the patent to Russell, an elong¬
ated conducting member 8* is pivotally mounted at one end and car¬
ries a carbon pencil serving as a contact at the other end, adapted
to contact electrically with two fixed contacts 18 and 13. Hears
is provided for osoillating the elongated member from one contact
position to the other. The particular use of the Russell device
is for establishing circuit oonneotions alternately through lamps
used in an advertising device.
The Examiner’s position is substantially that there is
no invention in providing the vibratory member d shown in Rig. 8
of the British patent with a carbon contact such as is used in the
Russell patent. The Examiner states his position as follows :-
-The British patent 18,508 of 1901 discloses an
elongated armature of magnetic material sync hroMusly driven
* * * the substitution on suoh an armature of a
^rbon contact for a metallic one would be obvious, in view
of the analogous use of suoh a carbon contaothy Resell and
the extreme oommonness of carbon oontaots on all kinds o
oirouit make and break mechanism.
Y/e believe that the Examiner’s position is oorrect and
that the claims are not patentable.
Will you kindly advise me whether you wish to take an
-3-
appeal from this rejection to the Board of Examiners.- in-Chief ,
whether you are willing to have us cancel these rejected claims
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 81 0 Method for Producing Tablets for Sound-Records
U.S. Patent#: 1146413
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 12/19/1911
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 812 Production of Finely-Divided Metals
U.S. Patent#: 1275232
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 12/20/1 91 1
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Edison,
Proposed Mew Claims in Application of Thomas A.
Serial Ho. 667,366, filed December 22, 1911, en¬
titled Production of i'inely Divided Metals
12. A new composition of matter consisting of |
electrolytically active iron reduced in finely divided con¬
dition and rendered non-pyrophoric without change in its
physical structure, substantially as described.
13. A new composition of matter consisting of
electrolytically active iron reduced in finely divided con¬
dition and rendered non-pyrophoric without change in its
physical structure or its chemical properties, substantially
as described.
14. A new composition of matter consisting of
slectrolytically active iron reduced in finely divided con-
lition and rendered non-pyrophoric without substantial chang^
Ln its porosity, substantially as^esoribed.
\ \,
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"Jr-'
In your application it is stated that the hydrogen may
he displaced by passing nitrogen or some other suitable inert ,gas
through the reduced mass. Is carbonic acid gas a suitable inert
gas for this purpose?
What advantage is there in using nitrogen instead of
carbonic acid gas in treating iron?
What advantage is there in permitting the reduced mass
of iron to cool before displacing the hydrogen by the nitrogen?
,h„c at present claims la the oa.e whioh arc not
limited to iron as th. metal treated end not limited to the nee
of nitrogen a. a gas for dieplaoind the hydrogen. In new of
th, sayeer mtent, th, olei- ahonld prohahly he ao limited.
yon think .. should endeavor to ..onre «. I*"—* of a ol.»
anoh as el.i. Id. "Meh differ. fro. olaim^ty renting that the
iron .. .i.etrolrtleally active. or ■«»* ““ 01 “““
ter desorihed in claim U. that » to say, non-pyroph.rio finely
divided and free fro. hydrate, or hydroxides w eleotrolytioally
[ON BACK OF PREVIOUS DOCUMENT]
^.^.6 drr.'-. X "-■<=■
77 L , -
Mr. Edison
Kindly advise me whether the attached proposed amend¬
ment and argument in your application for the preparation of non-
pyrophorio iron meets with your approval. I have talked with
Mr. Aylsworth about this application and have also consulted
Bell's Book on Iron Smelting recommended by you. According to
Bell, see page 94, carbon dioxide has substantially no effect on
nickel at the temperature of melting zinc, that is to say, about
417° C. At a low red heat there would be a slight oxidation and
at a bright red heat considerable oxidation. Apparently, in the
process of tee Kayser there would be some oxidation, but of this
I am not sure. Claim 8 covering non-pyrophorio finely divided
iron free from hydrates or hydroxides has been allowed, and in
accordance with your suggestion a claim is now presented covering
non-pyrophoric finely divided iron free from oxygen compounds.
The other claims for which allowance is now asked are method claims,
the broadest of Tdiich are 1 and 2, claim 1 relating to reducing
any metal from a suitable compound by hydrogen and displacing the
hydrogen by nitrogen, and claim 2 relating to reducing iron by
hydrogen and displacing the hydrogen by any inert gas.
I would not trouble you about this matter if it were
not for the obscure nature of the phenomena involved in your
invention and in the references cited.
HI- JS
-
XH THE UNITED STATES PATfiHT OPPICE
Thomas A, Edison.
PRODUCTION OP FI3BOT DIVIDED METAIiS Room Hq< 17g
Piled December 22, 1011
I Serial Ho. 667,366
| HOHORABLB COMMISSIONER OP PATENTS,
j SIR :
I Xn response to the Office notion of
j January 26, 1914, please annua the above entitled case as
follows
Page 3, line 10, before "free” insert - not only
free from asides but i3 also - . S
Cancel claims 1, 8 and 3 and renumber cUnims 4 1g
10 inclusive as 1 to 7 inclusive. i|
Senuniber claim 11 as 8 ana rewrite tho Bamo as
follows:-
8. A new composition of matter consisting of |
on-pyrophorio finely-divided iron free from hydrates or '
hydroxides, substaatially as described. -
Cancel claim 12.
Add the following olaim: -
9. A new composition of matter consisting of
non-pyrophorio finely- divided iron free from oxygen cmj
j^poundg, substantially as described. -
, t
Mr. Edison :-
- -
RE Al.lBHBIiEIIT OP FOLIO E
/ t& ^ “ ~ ^ ^
In your application for the p^ftuEttion of
finely divided iron, claims 1 to 7 incisive .^lovej
cess, have been allowed.
This application contains the following c laims^overiji^
the product resulting from the process described in the jpplio
.io«:- ^
B. A new composition of matter consisting: of
non-pyrophoric electrolytically-aotive iron reduced in
finely divided condition and free from hydrates or hydrox¬
ides, subs/bantially as described.
9. /Hon-pyrophorio eleetrolytioally-active iron,
reduced in finely divided condition and having its particles
free f rod rS^ygen compounds of iron, substantially as de¬
scribed./
10 / Finely divided iron reduced by hydrogen
from a finely divided compound or compounds of iron and
rendered non-pyronhorie by displacement of the hydrogen
from the reduced mass by an inert gas, substantially as
described.
Al. Eon-pyrophoric finely divided iron having
substantially the same physical and electro-chemical prop¬
erties as non-pyrophoric finely divided iron produced by
first reducing iron by hydrogen from a suitable compound or
compounds and then displacing the hydrogen by an inert gas,
substantially as described.
All the above product claims stand rejected on the dis¬
closure i-n lines l»So 21 inclusive, page 31 of a_^rk Jy^Roscoe
and Scnorlemmer entitled "A Treatise on Chemistry” .^reading as
"In order to obtain chemically pure iron the oxide,
or oxalate, may be heated in a current of hydrogen at the
lowest possible temperature; the metal is obtained by
this process as a black powder, which oxidizes and becomes
If
-2-
incandesoent in the air, hut if the reduction he carried
on at a higher temperature, the powdered iron is non-
pyrophorio."
The process of obtaining the non-pyrophorio iron as
described in your application is as follows:- Finely divided
oxide of iron, for example, ferric oxide, is subjected to the
reducing action of hydrogen at a suitable high temperature, for
example, say 1000 or 1200 degrees F. After the reduction, the
reduced mass is allowed to cool slowly in- an atmosphere of hydro¬
gen to normal temperature after which a current of nitrogen or
other inert gas is passed through the reduoed mass so as to dis¬
place the hydrogen, care being taken to prevent the access of air
or oxygen to the reduced mass.
Will you kindly advise me whether the non-pyrophorio
finely divided iron produced by the method disclosed in your
application is different physioally, eleotroohemically, or other¬
wise from the iron produced in the manner described in the matter
quoted above from the work of Roscoe and Schorlemmer. A print
of page 31 of the work of' Roscoe and Schorlemmer is attached
hereto .
WH-JS
cV-CCj
i>~ r: ^Z\ :i
^ff^/|0Li0_812 ^ L(S JJ(^°f ^tCtCf f'
'-Jam sending Vou herewith our copy of the above appli-
o.tion, Serial Ho, Ig^JlSh**-
Production o'Pffi&y ifSd'ed
mi. applioation relate, p.rtioul.rly to th. produotlon
,f non-pyrophorio finely divided iron, and oont.ine eeve. olai.e
covering the process which have been allowed.
The application also contains the following claims
covering the produet:-
8. A new composition of matter consisting of
tially as described.
in Finelv divided highly porous iron reduced
„y hydros.. f»?.*^'^0S5}:440SXM~0»!*5'«!
tially as described.
11 Non-pyrophoric finely divided highly porous
iron having^substantially the same physical and^electro-^
agffigSSfeKSSF*
-2-
All of the above -product claima stand_finally... rejected.
on the disclosure in lines 16 to 21 inclusive, page 31 of the work
by Roscoe and Sohorlemmer entitled "A Treatise on Chemistry", these
lines reading as follows
"In order to obtain chemically pure iron, the oxide
or oxalate may be heated in a current of hydrogen at the
lowest possible temperature; the metal ^obtained by
this process as a black powder, which oxidizes and be-
comes incandescent in the air, but if the reduo._t.l_an_be
carried on at a higher temperature the powdered iron is
not pyrophoric."
The above claims for the product also stand rejected
on the ground that they attempt to cover the product by process
steps.
Kindly advise whether you wish an appeal taken from the
action of the Examiner in finally rejecting these product claims.
In case you wish sg^an appeal taken, I wouia appreci¬
ate it if you would indicatlrXein the non-pyrophoric iron pro¬
duced as described in the application differs from the non-pyro-
phoric iron produced in accordance with the description contained
in the work "A Treatise on Chemistry" referred to above. It
would also be of assistance to me if you would authorize Mr. John
Miller or some one else of the Chemical Works to disclose to me
exactly how the iron used in the storage batteries is made.
A print of page 31 of the work of Roscoe and Schorlemmer
referred to is attached hereto.
WH-JS
, J /{} h
Mr. Edison:- /
I expect to be in Washington on the 30th 0/ this month
to attend a hearing before the Commissioner of Patents. Accord¬
ingly, if it is possible for you to see the Examiner with reference
to your application relating to the production of non-pyrophoric
iron referred to in the attached memorandum, at any time between
one and four thirty P.M. on that date, I will make proper arrange¬
ments for a conference.
X/txf
r (/a >
ty/$.
Kfi f '
inif ©©>
Silver Lake,N.J.
Jan. 28* 1918.
Hr. Hardy,
legal .Department,
Edison atorage Battery oo.,
Orange , N . J .
We aro submitting you two samples of Experi¬
ments made up in the following manner;
Experiment No. 3009. (
!Dook 100 gms of regular red iron and reduced^
at a temparaturo of 1100 P.
‘Dime for reduction - 1 1/2 hours.
Both inlet and out-let valves on the pot were
closed and tho pot was connected to Hydrogen line
and cooled to room temperature. Time - 14 hours.
Both valves were again closed and the pot was
connected to line supplying Nitrogen. This. was
aone to displace the Hydrogen.
Hitrogen wa3 obtained by passing air through
set of purifiers composed of sulfuric acid, lerrous
Sulphate and Alkaline solution of pyr°S*1Pi°
Nitrogen was passed through pot for 1 1/2 hours.
The pot was then opened, the iron was a good
gray color, all reduced, soft and crushed easily
under finger pressure.
Experiment No. 3010. ^
Took 100 gras of regular red iron ana reduced^
at a temperature of 1600°P.
Time for reduction - 1 l/2 hours.
Both inlet and outlet valves on the potwere
• closed and the pot was then connected to Hydrogen
line and cooled to room temp. Time - 2 hours.
The pot was then opened and the iron was hard
and slightly oxidized, and combined in one lump,
and would not break up under finger pressure .
CFH-Cr .
Supt.
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 818 Storage Battery
U.S. Patent#: 1073107
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 12/30/1911
'.goi4l|Sk20^
Patent Application Files
Folio # 81 4 Method of Recording Sounds
Serial #: 669868
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed:
1/2/1912
Applicant.
. . /?.... .
y. . <£jf ., . /?/;
Examiner’s Room No.
... Liber . Page
Patent No. Issued .
ACTIONS.
^ l . to.
. 20
. 30..
FRANK L. DYER,
Counsel,
petition
®o tljc Commissioner of patents :
§?our Petitioner thomas a. edisoh,
a citizen of tlje ©nitcb States, residing anb fjabing a Post Office abbreSS at
Llewellyn Park, West Orange, County of Essex, and otate of itew
Jersey,
prays tfjat letters patent map be granteb to bint for tlje improbements in
_ METHOD op HECOBDIHO BODBDa-
set fort!) in tlje annexeb specification; anb Ije hereby appoints JfranU %. 3Bper
(Registration i2o. 560), of Orange, J2eto Jersey, W attorney, toitlj full
polner of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tljis application, to mabe
alterations anb amenbments therein, to receibe tlje patent, anb to transact all
business in tlje Patent Office connected tljeretoitf).
v7^M7. ¥i.
SPECIFICATION
TO All WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:
BE IT KNOWN , that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a citizen
of the United States, and a resident of Llewellyn Park,
West Orange, in the County of Essex and State of New Jersey,
have invented certain new and useful improvements in
METHOD OF RECOUPING SOUNDS of which the following is a
description:
My invention relates to methods of recording
sound, moro particularly when the source of the sound is
at a considerable distance from the recording instrument.
The object of my invention is to provide an improved method
of this character whereby sounds may be faithfully reoorded
and a record having good acoustic qualities obtained.
When the sound from a given source is reoorded
in a room, as has heretofore been customary, tho walls of
the room reflect the sound waves and these reflected waves
after one or.-|more reflections enter the horn of the re¬
cording instrument together with the true waves direct from
the sound source, all of those waves being greatly ampli¬
fied by the recording horn. As the reflected sound
waves reach the recording instrument later than the direct
waves, an objectionable sound interference is caused; so
that when a record made in this way is reproduced, the
reproduced sound is found not only to be differont from
that emanating direotly from the original sound source, but
also to be less agreeable and harmonious. When the source
of sound is in close proximity to the horn of the recording
instrument, this depreciation in quality is not very notice-
able, but when it is at a considerable distance from the
I horn, ns is necessarily the case with the different instru-
I ments of an orchestra which is rendering the selection to he
1 recorded, the depreciation in quality is considerable, thiB
depreciation in many instances being so groat that the re¬
production of the sound as recorded for some of the in¬
struments is very disagreeable.
■ I have discovered that the recording of those
I reflected waves is the cause of the difference in quality
between the sound as heard by the ear directly from the ori£-
inai sound source and as heard from the ordinary phonograph
I record; and my invention accordingly contemplates the
elimination of the reflected sounds or sound waves from
I the record. In accordance with my invention, I record
the sound at a considerable distance from any means tending
| to reflect the sound into the horn of phe recording- in- y ,
I strument. ~ This may" bo done* in the "open air 'or, if desired,
1 ■ ti'„. , „ 7*
in a canvas'" tbnt. - In the latter case, the earth which,
j ‘A * stx***^ '
constitutes the floor of tho tent, as well as thcjwalle of
I tho tent, tend to dissipate rather than reflect the sound
I waves impinging on the same, so that none of these waves
are recorded and it is possible to obtain a record of a high
degree of accuracy and of good quality.
It is to be understood that I do not limit my3elf
Ito the recording of the sounds in a tent, but that ray in¬
vention contemplates generally the recording of sounds at
Idistanoe from any meanB tending to reflect the sound waves
from the original source into tho horn or receiver of the
recording instrument.
Having now described my invention, what I claim
and desire to protect by letters Patent is as follows
- - - ■ r < ft-- 7 f/*- -y/ <o>
1. fho proooss~of-ma5cing_.original Bound records
which consists in locating the sourcT^f'soinid'rd^s'*!?0”' —
^sound reflecting surfaces, causing the omission of tho
sounds to be~reoorded,_and making a reoord thereof, sub¬
stantially as described.
The
lo^prpceslf .of’ making original e
consists in locating the source of sound and the recording
instrument remote from surfaces^ oa-pablo--ef -reflecting the
sound from the source into tho recording instrument, causing
the emission of tho sounds to be recorded, and making a
reoord thereof, substantially as described.
,3. * The^prooisss ' of making original sound records^Mc'ii
consists in locating the source of sound in a tent free froip
sound reflecting surfaces, causing the emission of the
sounds to be recorded, and making a record thereof, sub¬
stantially as described.
The process of making original sound records v/liiclji
consists in oausing the emission towards j( recording instru.
ment of the sounds to be recorded, and dissipating the sountjl
waves not directly conveyed from the sound source to the
recording instrument, substantially as described*
Jo. The process of making original so\iri^”records^‘*:‘^;,'“
which oonsists in locating tho soxtree of sound and tho
recording instrument in a housing having non-sound-
reflecting walls and free from surfaces capable of- refleot-
4ng the sound from the source into the recording instrument
causing the emission of the sounds to be recorded, and
making a record thereof, substantially as described.
®fji S Specification Signeb anti toitneSSeb tfjis ^ bap 19«S^ —
_ 1 . A t_ ___
Witnesses :
^ ^ _ _
©atb.
g>tate of i?etu fersep
Count}) of (Essex
thomas a. edisoh > lt)c abobe naineb
petitioner, being bulp Stoorn, beposes anb Saps tfjat Ije is a citizen of tfje ©toitcb
States, anb a reSibent of Llewellyn Park, West Orange, Essex County,
Hew Jersey
tfjat fje berilp beliebes fjimself to be tfje original, first anb Sole inbentor of tfje
iniprobemcnts in method op record ihg sodjids
bescribeb anb clainieb in tfje annexeb specification; tfjat fje boes not feuoto anb
boes not beliebe tfjat tfje Same bias eber fenobm or useb before fjis inbention or
biscoberp tfjereof; or patenteb or bescribeb in anp printeb publication in tfje
Uniteb States of America or anp foreign countrp before fjis inbention or
biscoberp tfjereof, or more tfjan ttoo pears prior to tfjis application; or patenteb
in anp countrp foreign to tfje Uniteb States on an application fileb more tfjan
ttoelbe montfjs prior to tfjis application ; or in public use or on sale in tfje
Uniteb States for more tfjan tbio pears prior to tfjis application ; anb tfjat no
application for patent upon saib inbention fjas been fileb bp fjim or fjis legal
representatibes or assigns in anp foreign countrp.
[g>eall
J.H.D.-8.
tif
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON February 14,1912.
Thomas A. "Edison,
Rare prank L. Byor,
Or ansa, Mow Jersey .
use find below a communication from
for Method of pa cording So
069,8(58 .
' 0. S. PRTWT OFFICE,
FEB 141912
MAILED.
s EXAMINER in charge of your application.
:da, filed jan. 6, 191.'!, seritil number
All surfaces reflocted sound somewhat, She matter of
reflection by different substunoes being a matter of degree.
Accordingly the process of claim 1 is impossible of performance
and the claim is accordingly rej noted.
It is old to make the walls of a Bound recording
chamber non reflecting for a, portion of their area as see
Prescott, July 26, 1910, #965,327, (181-30). It in also well known
to provide a non reflecting surface for a greater or less
portion of the interior walls of an audltorium^se^ pages 92 and
93 of Kelly's Architectural Acoustics, published in 1898 by
-easier and Weoley Print .Buffalo, Mew York, a copy of which volume
may be found on the examiner's desk and the disclosure in the
Scientific American of Juno i 19, 1909, page A&: in an artlole
entitled, Method of Correcting Faulty Acoustic Properties of
Public Halls. In view that it is well known to surround partly a
source of sound where it is desired to prevent reflection,
invention is not found in extending tae degree of such enclosure
even to the extent of total enclosure. Moreover, it being
desired to prevent reflection, the most obvious thing to do is to
locate tlie source of sound and recording instrument where there
is an absence 1 of reflecting BurfuooB and it is not seen that
#669,, 8(58 - 2.
invention is Involved in -selecting such plaoo. Accordingly all
of tlui claims ;..re rejected .
Claiss 1, 2 and 4 are additionally rejected us specifying no
Flora than using any wall. known recording instrument out of doors,
a prooesu that is not a subject of patentability.
Claim 3 is additionally rejected as specifying no more than
using any common recording instrument in a tent, which is hold
not to he of patentable subject matter .
IH THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
METHOD OF RECORDING SOUNDS
Filed January 6, 1913
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
In response to the Offioe aotion of
February 14, 1913, please amend the above entitled oaee
In line 16, page 3, after "done" insert - with
the souroe of sound and the rooording instrument - ; . in
line 17, same page, oanoel "oanvas" ana after "tent" insert
- or housing of heavy fabrio, suoh as oanvas - ; and in
line 18, same page, ohange "walls" to - entire walls and
In line 3, olaim 3, ohange "oapable of refloating'
to - tending to refleot - .
In lines 4 and 6, olaim 5, ohange "oapable of
refloating" to - tending to refloat - .
Canool olaim 1 and ohange the numerals of olaims
3 to 5 inclusive to 1 to 4 inolusive.
Add the following olaims:
“’u^ 4/“bT ^The^pr ooess^ 'o flaking original sound records^ "
whioh consists in looating the souroe of Bound and the
reoeiver of the recording instrument in a housing, thV, en¬
tire walls, roof, and floor of -whioh tend to dissipate fyie
sound waves impinging thereon, causing the emission of thi
sounds to be recorded, and making a reoord thereof by meand
of said recording instrument, substantially aB desoribed, i
'pro coos of making original sound ro cords ^y/hi oh
consists in locating tho Bource of uound and the receiver
of the recording instrument in a housing having walla of
yielding Bound dissipating material and free from surfaces
tending to refloot tho sound vmvoo from tho source into the
recording instrument, causing the omission of tho Bounds
to he recorded .and making a record thereof, substantially
as described.
!The ^process of mailing original sound j
vW
scords
vhich consists in locating tho source of sound and the
receiver of tho recording instrument in a housing having
vails of sound dissipating fabric and free from surfaces
tending to rofloct tho sound waves from tho source into tho
recording instrument, causing tho emission of the sounds
to bo recorded and making a rooord thoreof, substantially
as dosoribod.
"‘“fhlf "process^ oTmaWng^original 'sound rocor.4A
which consists in locating the soiirco of sound and tho
reccivor of the recording instrument in a housing having
walls of heavy sound disoipnting fabric and froo from
surfaces bonding to reflect the sound waves from tho source
into tho recording instrument, causing tho omission of tne
sounds to he recorded and making a record thereof, sub¬
stantially as described.
VMv
TrT^ing original sound rodords^
which consists in locating the source of sound and the
receiver of tho recording instrument in a housing having
walls and a roof/of^ound dissipating fabric and a sound
dissipating floor, causing the emission of the rounds to
he rocordod, and making a rooord theroof by mcanB of said
a
reoording instrument, substantially as desoribea.
proooss of mating original sound reoo?dsA
which oonaistB in looating tho souroa of sound and. the
reoeivor of the reoording instrument in a housing having
walls and a roof entirely of heavy sound dissipating fabrio
and a sound dissipating floor, causing the emission of the
sounds to be reoorded, and making a reoord thereof by means
of Bald reoording instrument, substantially aB desoribed.
REMARKS
Hone of the roferonoes discloses applicant's,
invention. Aooording to the disclosure of tho patent
to PreBOott, some of the sound waves pass to the reoording
instrument direotly while others are refleoted from the
surfaoe 3 to the reoording instrument; so that the
corresponding diroot and refleoted Birand waveB reach the
reoording instrument at different times and the objection¬
able sound interference, whioh it is applicant's objeot to
eliminate, is produoed. Hone of the other roferonoes. dis¬
closes a prooess of making sound reoords. Tho mere dis¬
closure of an auditorium provided with a non-sound -reflect¬
ing surfaoe for a portion of its interior walls, whioh iB
evidently what the Examiner doBires to 3how by these
references, does not, it is thought, constitute an
anticipation of applicant 'e invention. In the first
plaoe, the neoossary arrangement of parts to produoe ,\
applioant's process is not disoloeed or suggested in ^hose
references , there being no disolosure or oontemplatibn\-
whatever of a sound reoording instrument. In the seoohd
plaoe, these roferonoes do not, aB stated above, eVen
3
suggest a process of making sound rooords. The decisions
are clear on the point that a procoss ,1s not necessarily
anticipated hy apparatus ovon if that apparatus might
have been uBcd to carry out tho procoss. See for
example, Carnogio Steel Co., Ltd. v. Cambria Iron Co., 22
3. Ct. 698; 188 U.S. 403”; 46 L. Ed. 968; 99 0.0. 1066;
19,02 C.E. 692, in which it was hold:
"To anticipate a process patent it is
necessary not only to show that tho prior patont
might have boen used to carry out tho process,
but that ouch uso was contemplated or that it
would have occurrod to an ordinary mochaniB in
operating tho devieo."
In the prosont case, the apparatus disclosed
in tho references is not even oapablo of carrying out
the process sot forth in the claims.
Roforring to tho last two paragraphs of the
last Offico action, it is pointod out that the Examiner's
statements as to what(tho claims in quostion specify, aronot
entirely accurate in that those claims specify a process
in which tho source of sound and recording instrument
are romoto from surfaces tending to rofloct tho sound
waves from tho source into tho recording instrument. Of
courso, applicant's procoss would not be anticipated by
recording out of doors if such recording wore done in
the vicinity of a largo surface capable of reflecting
the sounds from tho source into tho recording instrument.
If the claims are proporly construed, it is not soon upon
what ground the Examiner oould, in tho absence of pertinent
rof orencoB , hold that tho procoss covered thereby, is
unpat ontablo .
Applicant has obtained improved rosults by the
J.H.D.-Sut.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
Srank.L,. Dyer, _ _
. Orange,... Raw . J e re.ey
'lease find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
-Thoma8.JU..HdlAon^.:.-nflrlaL-_nurohflr66fl,8M._flled Jan. 6.1913, for
•Method... of. Recording. Sounds..* .
This aotion is responsive to the amendment filed Jan. 24,
1913.
Applicant ia required to file a drawing in this oase
illustrating the process oluioed.
Claims 1 and 3 are rejected as specifying oftly efhfjioynignt-’
of any conventional. recording machine out of doors remote
from reflecting surfaces.
Claim 2 is rejeoted as specifying only the use of any
conventional recording machine in a tent, as for example, the^x
use of any dictating machine as Talnter,Dec. 27,1867, #376,979,
(181-2).
Furthermore, all of the olaims are rejected upon the
publications of record or the following: an artiole entitled
"Arohlte (Rdral Aoou8tios"' by If. R. Watson, in the 8oientifio
Amerioan Supplement, 1909,' volume LXVTII,page 391. Hew York,
nv
Munn & Co. , or ^'.volume entitled Aooustios In Relation To
Arohlteoture and Building, by T. Rogers Smith, page 39, London,
1876, Virtue and Co., Ivy Lane, in view of Prescott, of record.
The publications cited Bhow it to be well known . when a
#669,868-
-2.
reflection of sound produces an undesirable result to provide the
reflecting surfaoea with sound absorptive material^ invention-'-
cannot be found in apply»hft!,this known principle and expedient in
a recording ohamber, especially when such expedient is shown to
be old to cover up all of that part of the surfaoe which the
patentee desired should not be reflectdve Applicant's choice
of how inuoh of the surfaoe of the chamber should not be reflectdve
cannot be seen to be a display of invention.
IH THE UHX TED STATES PATKIIT OFFICE.
THOMAS A. EDI SOE, )
METHOD OF RECORDIHO )
SODHDS ,
Filed Jamiary 6, 1912, ^
Serial Ho. 669,868. )
Room Ho. 379.
HOIIORABLE COMMISSIOHF.R OF PATEIIT3 ,
SIR:
In response to the Office aotion of
February 26, 1915, please m«en3 the above entitled case
a3 follows:
In line 1, claims 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 0. 9.
ar.3 after "roeor3s" insert - with the soiirco of sound at
a considerable distance from the recording instrument - .
In line 1, claim 3, after "records" insert
with the sound source at a considerable distance from
the recording instrument - ; and in line 2, same claim,
change "a" to. - the - •
REMARKS
A drawing illustrating the process clnimBd
will be filed as soon as the patentability of the claims
1b determined-
It is submitted that the claims as now presented
are not anticipated by the prior art of record; and it
is thought that this will appear very dearly if the
Honorable Examiner will consider in connection with the
prior art the problem solved by 'applicant and the
results obtained by the invention- It is no doubt
well known to the Examiner that the sound rocords of the
1
prior art give an unnatural and imperfect reproduction -
The applicant's problem was to improve the reproductive
qualitioB of Buch reoords, particularly when the records
are made with the source of tho sound to be recorded at a
considerable distanoe from the recording instrument.
In working upon this problem, applicant discovered, as
stated in tho second paragraph on page 2 of the specifi¬
cation, that the recording of reflected sound waves is
the cause of the difference in quality between the sound
as heard bv the ear dlrootlv from the original sound
source ar.d as heard from the ordinary phonograph record.
It should be borne in mind that this discovery is essential
ly oonnootod with applicant's invention. Having made
the said discovery, applicant evolved a sound recording
process which eliminated the reflected sounds or sound
waves from the record. By means of this process , he
found that he could malce a sound record capable of
reproducing the origiral sound with a surprising increase
in faithfulness- An improved result was thereby obtained.
H6t one of tho references of record discloses
applicant's invention. The argument made in connection
with the last amendment that none of the references dis¬
closes either applicant's process or apparatus whereby
the same may be oarried out, still applies in spite of
the new citations made by the Examiner, attention being
agdin directed to the said argument. Tho Examiner, it
is thought , fails to take into consideration that appli¬
cant's problem was to record sounds and not merely to
prevent the refleotion of sounds, ar.d that applicant made
tho valuable discovery that tho recording of the reflected
waves is the cause of the difference in quality between
souhds as hoard by the ear directly from the original
sound source and as hoard from the ordinary phonograph
record. Tho claims do not call for a process for
preventing the reflection of sour. a waves, they call for a
process of ranking original sound recoras with the source
of souna at a consiaerable aistnnce from the rocorair.g
instrument, ar.3 the publications cite! ao not suggest uny
such process.
All the claims huve been omor,ao3 so as to more
clearly aefir.e the invention by the aaaitior. of the
statement that the source of sour.a is at a oor.siaerable
aistnnce from the recoraing instrument.
With reference to the grounds of rejection state3
by the Examiner in tho thira an3 fourth paragraphs of the
last Office action, attention, is directed to tho amendments
made in tho claims ar.3 also to the argument made above
There is no suggestion in the prior art of recording
ooundB out of doors remote from reflecting surfaces or ir.
a tent free from sound reflecting surfaces, the source of
sound being located at a considerable distance from the
recording instrument.
Applicant has inverted a new process involving an
important disoovery, producing an improved result, ar.d not
disclosed by the prior art- The claims are thought to
properly define tho invention; and reconsideration ar.d
ollowaroe are respectfully requested.
Reap cot fully submitted ,
THOMAS A. EDI SOU ,
By /? r - .
Orange, Hew Jersey, his -attorney.
February 1914.
Jo . Yi^”tn v
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON Mar Clh. 19,.. 1914.-.
Prarifc I. Dyer.
. - -
noose find below o communication from the EXAMINER in char^fihe application of
. Tliomae-A»EaiBonj--l'or--M8tioaofReoordliiB-3ound3,-nia.d^J.au.*-fi»-.
-191fit-8»rial-Ho* 669,8e&. -
• Commissioner of Patent*. (/
In response to amendment of Pet. 4, 1314.
All of the claims are rejected upon the references and for
the reasons ::of record. She common limitation that applicant has ap-
pended to the claims hy the above noted amendment is olearlyehown in
Prascott'ofreoora.lB a clear issue has been reached between applloaulj
and this offioe as . tfc the patentability of the subject matter of these,
claims , no reason is seen for further prosecution before the examiner.
Accordingly, the rejection of the claims is made final. Ex parte
Hiller, 150 0. 0., 887.
V- '?*<
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 81 5 Method of Making Sound-Record Molds
U.S. Patent#: 1099349
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed:
1/2/1912
7^. 2u^i- Krv- n „
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
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U.S. Patent#: 1143818
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 1/12/1912
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Patent Application Files
Folio # 820 Phonograph-Record
U.S. Patent#: 1111999
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 1/19/1912
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 821 Concrete Furniture
Serial #: 674274
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 1/24/1912
Folio No.
Serial No. ■/> ?</-,•? J. ^
Applicant.
Address.
£ _
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Filed li/Uf/U . ^ * LU..X'
Examiner’s Room No.
Assignee
Recorded . Liber Page
Ass’g’t Exec .
Patent No.
actions.
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. 30 . .
FRANK L. DYER,
Orange, New Jersey.
petition
®o tlje Commissioner of ^patents :
gout petitioner ehokas a. edxsoh
a citijen of tije Unite* states, refilling an* Dabing
Llewellyn Park, ’.Vest Orange, Essex County,
a Posit ©ffice n**rcSS
Hew Jersey
at
prapo tijat letters patent .nap be grante* to Dim for tije implements. in
COHOEE'JE EURHIEURE
set fortij in tije annexe* specification; an* be Derebp appoints Jfranb JL. ©per
(Registration jfco. 560), of ©range, £eb> fersep, Di^ttornep, ImtD full
- p0toec of substitution an* rebocation, to prosecute tftuf appl.cat.on, to mabe
alterations an* amen*nients tDerein, to receibe tfje patent, an* to transact a
business in tije Patent ©ffice connecte* tberetoitb.
SBECIFICATION
ITO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:
BE IT KNOWN, that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a oitizen
j! of the United States and a resident of Llewellyn Bark, West
Jj Orange, Essex County, New Jersey, have invented oertain new
I ana useful improvements in CONCRETE FURNITURE, of whioh the
i| following is a speoifioation: -
My invention relates to the production of articles
i of furniture of oonorete, and has for its objeot the pro¬
vision of artioles of this oharaoter whioh are strong,
i durable, fire-proof, oheaper than wood, and not subjeot
! to the deteriorating influences whioh affeot wood.
My invention consists generally in furniture,
J Qa0h artiole of whioh comprises a skeleton or framework
i whioh of itself has sufficient strength to be self-sustain-
-I ing and to withstand usage without breaking, the said
skeleton or framework being oovered with oonorete. I may
form the skeleton or framework as an integral struoture or
of parts seoured together, assemble the framework thus form-
| ea in a suitable mold, ana pour into the mold and around the
framework a suitable oonorete mixture. Or, I may moia
the oonorete around separate parts designed to form the
framework of the artiole of furniture to be oonBtruotea,
! ana then seoure together the oomposite members thus formed,
j I prefer to employ metal for the framework.
•| Xn order that my invention may be better under-
i! stood, referenoe is haa to the drawings aooompanying ana
J forming a part of this speoifioation, and in whioh -
/
I •
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a ohairoon-
I struoted in aooordanoe with my invention; ana i
j Figure 2 is a seotional view of parte ready
!| for assembling to form a portion of a bedstead oonstruot-
| ed m aooordanoe with a modified form of my invention,
j Referring particularly to Figure 1, in full.
3 lines at 1 is shown a skeleton or framework which is-
! preferably made of steel hollow pieoes. such as pipes,
j m order to give lightness combined with the requisite
| strength. The pieoes may be secured together by screw
j! Joints like those used with ordinary piping, or may be
. j melded together by any suitable process as for example
| by the oxaoetylene torch. Or, some of the joints may
| be made by welding and the others by other methods or
j means. The framework is then placed in a suitable seo-
| tional mold and positioned in the mold by small pieces of
j metal or oonorete and surrounded by the oement mixture,
j After the oement mixture has hardened, the sections of the
' !j mold are removed, and the framework is left covered with
concrete as is shown in dotted lines at 2. The article
is then ready for use or for further treatment such as
| painting.
.j in article of furniture may also be constructed
\ in accordance with my invention by forming composite member
j adapted to be secured together after molding. In Figure 2
I have shown several such composite members adapted to be
1 secured together to form a portion of a bedstead. Each
of these members consists of a frame piece 10 of suitable
' j Bi2e and shape and preferably of steel tubing or piping.
| Each frame member is provided with means for fastening it
(2)
I to adjaoent members to whioh it is designed to be seoured,
Ias for example, sorew threaded extensions 11 or sorew
threaded sockets or oonplings 12. Eaoh frame member haB
a oovering of oonorete molded thereon. A complete artiole
! of furniture in whioh the Joints between adjaoent seotions
! are Boaroely peroeptible may be formed by seouring together
I suoh oomposite members.
I I prefer to employ a oement mixture or oonorete
of the oharaoter dt scribed and claimed in my application
Serial Ho. 639,752, filed July 21, 1911. This oement
; mixture or oonorete consists of oement, preferably Portland,
: mixed with very light porous sand or other aggregates, such
| as pumice stone, oharooal, ooke, or furnaoe slag made porous
f by steam or other gases blown through the molten mass, and
|S water.
The oonorete surrounding the skeleton or frame-
I work may be molded in highly ornamental shapes. As the
j; framework is made strong enough to be self-sustaining, and
' | furthermore the steel has great strength in tension and the
ji oonorete considerable strength in compression, the oomposite
!i artiole is of great strength as oompared with artioleB
! ji made of reinforoed oonorete where the Bkeleton itself iB
| not formed into or does not constitute a self-sustaining
|
i!
skeleton or frame.
In aooordnnoe with my invention, ohairs, sofas,
tables, bureaus and almost every artiole of household furni¬
ture may be oonstruoted. These articles may be made of a
highly ornamental oharaoter with a cheapness unattainable
by the use of wood, and may be very light in weight, if
desired.
The artlole may be painted, gilded or otherwise
oolored in any desired manner. Portions of artioles of
furniture as well as oomplete artioles may be oonstruoted
in aooordanoe with my invention.
Having now desoribed my invention, what X olaim
and desire to proteot by letters Patent is as follows:-
•ga,,., 4 "T-C. ?
\ 1. An artiole of furniture inoluding a self-sus¬
taining framework oovered with oonorete, substantially as
desoribed.
2. \.n
artiole of furniture inoluding a self-sustain¬
ing metallioNframeworlc oovered with oonorete, substantially
as desoribed. \
3. An artiole of furniture inoluding a self-sustain¬
ing metallio framework oovered with oonorete oomposed of
aement and porous aggregates, substantially as desoribed.
4. An artiole of furniture inoluding a self-sustain¬
ing metallio framework oovered with oonorete oomposed of
Portland oement and porous aggregates, substantially as
desoribed. \
5. An artiole of furniture inoluding a self-s
taining metallio framework oovered with\oonorete oompoBed
of Portland oement and pumioe stone, substantially as de¬
soribed.
6. An artiole of furniture inoluding an 'integral
self-sustaining framework oovered with oonorete,
stantially as desoribed.
(4)
7. An artiole of furniture including an integral
aelf -sustaining metallio framework covered with oonorete,
substantially as aesoribed.
\
jl 8. in artiole of furniture inoluding an integral
| self-sustaining motallio framework oovered with oonorete
Ij composed of oement and porous aggregates, substantially
as described.
\
9. An artiole of furnittire including an integral
self-sustaining metallio framework ooverod with oonorete
oompoood of Portland oement and porous aggregates, sub¬
stantially as desoribed.\
\
|| 10. An artiole of furniture inoluding an integral
!j self-sustaining metallio framework oovored with oonorete
. jj oomposed of Portland oement andxpumioe stone, substantially
j as desoribed. \
11.
An artiole of furniture \nolufting composite
laii t
members seoured together, eaoh of saia^ members oonsisting
of an inner frqme member and an outer
orete, substantially as desoribed.
IE. An artiole of furniture inoludin^composite
members seoured together, eaoh of said members^oonsiBting
of an inner metallio member and an outer covering of
jj oonorete, substantially as desoribed.
jj 13. An artiole of furniture inoluding oomposite
jj members seoured together , . eaoh of said members oonsisting
' of an inner metallio member and an outer oovering of \
i oonorete oomposed of oement and porous aggregates, sub-
I staintially as desoribed.
(5)
| 14. An art i ole "of furniture Including oomposite raem-
bers aeouroa together, each of aaid members oonsiating of
| an inner'x me tallio member end an outer covering of oon-
| orate composed of Portland oement and porous aggregates,
1 subatantially as aosoribea.
lljMs
15. An art i ole of furniture inoluaing oomposite mem-
! bers seoured together, eaoh of said members consisting of
; an inner metallio\nember ana an outer covering of oonorete
j! oomposea of Portland oement ana pumioo stone, substantially
i as aesoribea. \
jj 16. An artiole o\ furniture including metallic mem¬
bers oovered with oonorete, seia members being seoured
together ana constituting \ self-sustaining framework,
substantially as aesoribea. \
17. The prooess of making furnituro whioh oonsists
in forming a self-sustaining framework ana molding oonorete
thereon, substantially as set forth.
18. The prooeBS of making furniture whioh oonsists
in forming a self-sustaining metallic framework and moid-
set forth.
j ing oonorete thereon, substantially as i
j! 19. The prooess of making furniture which oonBists
| ln forming an integral metallic framework an\molding oon-
!! orete thereon, substantially as set forth.
I 20. The prooess of making furniture whioh\onsists
in forming a self-sustaining metallic framework and^applying
thereto a covering of oonorete composed of oement an\vporouB
aggregates, substantially as Bet forth.
(6)
121 ,\'J!he process of making furniture which consists
in formingh self-sustaining metallic framework and applying
thereto a covering of concrete composed of Portland cement
land porous aggregates, substantially as set forth.
22. The process of making furniture which consists
in forming a self- sustaining metallic framework and apply-
; ing theroto a covering oXconcrcte composed of Portland j
j cement and pumice stone, substantially as set forth.
23. The method of making furniture which consists
in forming frame members adapted \o be secured together,
covering the same with concrete so a\not to interfere
with the securing moans, and securing \gether the composite
members thus formed, substantially as sot\forth.
24. The method of making furniture v/hi\consists
in forming metallic frame members adapted to he poured
together, covering the same with concrete so ac ro\to
interfere with the scouring moans, and securing togclW
(the composite members thus formed, substantially as set\
191^
tKjisS specification Signeb anb toitneSSeb tljis " <P& bn?
\r£s<>-<! ■ 'fJ-
HHitneSSetij:
®atb.
gitate of i?etu fersep 1
Count? of CSSex )
ms a. EDisoif . tije abobe natneb
petitionee, being buhj Stoorn, beposcs anb Sa?S tfjnt Ije is n citizen of tije tHnitcb
states, anb a reSibcnt of y;est Orange, Essex County, itev/ Jersey
tfjat Ije berilij beliebes fjimSelf to be tfjc original, first anb sole mbentor of tije
itnprobeinents in
COHCREOE i'DRNIDUHE
beScribcb anb clnimeb in tije annexeb specification; tljat Ije boeS not Imobi anb
boes not beliebe Ujat tije same tons eber Imobm or uSeb before ijis inbention or
biscober? tljereof; or patenteb or beScribeb in an? printeb publication in tfje
IHniteb states of America or an? foreign countr? before ijis inbention or
biscober? tljereof, or more tljnn tbao ?earS prior to tljis application; or patenteb
in an? countr? foreign to tije ®niteb states on an application fileb more tfjan
ttoelbe montfjs prior to tljis application; or in public use or on sale in tije
®niteb states for more tfjan tbao ?earS prior to tljis application; anb tljat no
application for patent upon saib inbention JjaS been fileb b? Ijim or Ijis lega
repreSentatibeS or assigns in an?
g>baorn to anb subscribeb before
[deal]
n cotmtr?.
^JLsl
me tljis * f ba? of
191*-.
/j)»
Jlotar? public.
» . -B—
— 131
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
)/V
ThomaB A. Edison, v
o/o Frank L. Dyor,
Orange, i'.J.
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of your application.
£674,274, filed Jan. SO, 1912, for Concrete Furniture.
_ Commissioner of Patent*.
Applicant’s attention is called to Ex parte Chapman, 120 0.0.,
2446; Ex parte Riley, C.D. , 1902, page 416; and Ex parte Kadow, 154
0.0., 1415, regarding multiplicity of olaima and claims not patentahly
different. For instance, claims 6, 7, e, 9, and 10 differ from claims
1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, only in the insertion of tho word
"integral" in each olaim. This ie an unnecessary multiplication of
olaims. A single claim will oover this difference just as well &b
five.
Claims 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 are objectionable for similar
reasons .
Claims 3, 4, 5, B, 9, 10, 13, 14, IS, 20, 21, and 22 are all
'< objectionable in that they attempt to oombine and oonfuse Btruotural
elements of which an artiolo is composed, and a composition of matter.
It is of no consequence in applicant's device of what particular com¬
position the conorete clement be formed, or which one of tho innumerable
concrete compositions applicant prefers to use in his , construction,
and applicant should not, therefore, attempt to define a novel structure
in his olaim, by setting forth the chemioal composition of one of its
elements. The particular composition of applicant's concrete element
</ is old in Lands, 299,810, Jan. 3, 1884; ParBhall, 323,722, Aug. 4, 1885,
Class 106/242, and the reoltal, therefore, of this particular composition.
#674,274.
even were it proper to do so, does not affeot the novelty of the
alleged combination sot forth.
All the olaim£j/are anticipated by
‘■'liurnB, 909,640, Jan. 12, 1909, or
? English patent -- 2027 of 1874, Chairs; or
,/Prioe, 948,770? Feb. 8, 1910, Tables,
in view of
■''Noll 910,960^ Jan.26, 1909, oroBo-ref erenoe in Tables, PodeBtals,
and -'Crow! 839,2*^^60. 25, 1906, Class 72/85.
The first threo references show it to be old to mold furniture
from oemont and othor materials having similar properties, providing
suitable metallio or othor reenforcing means to strengthen the struoture,
either by arranging the reenforoo and molding the oemont about it, or
forming an outer metallic shell and filling it with cement as in BurnB .
Noll shows it to be old to form a oomposite struoture by molding eaoh
individual seotion about a roenforoing member and thon connecting the
members together by suitable means. Crow shows a struoture built up
of sections eaoh comprising a metallio pipe, threaded at the endB, and
surrounded by oement, the finished sections being aftcrwardB assembled
by moans of the identical Joint sho\on in applicant's Fig. 2. To apply
this struoture to the furniture shown in Burns, BngliBh patent or Price
would involve only the exercise of meohanioaX skill .
Attention is called to Small, 590,690, Sept. 28, 1897, ClaBS
^ 12 [lO, and Graham, 865,490, Sept. 10, 1907, Class 72/l5 .
All the claims are rejooted.
IH THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison • )
CONCRETE FURNITURE (
Filed January 30, 1912 •• )
Serial No. 674,274 )
HONORABLE C0IR.il SSI ONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
Room No. 131
In response to the Offioo action of
February 13, 1912, ploaDe amend tho above entitled case
as follows:-
Canoel the olaims and insert the following: -
^ ^ ~ 7
1. An artiole of furniture oomprising a struoture
oonsisting of a framework of oomposite members, said oom-
posite members eaoh being oomjjoaed of a metallio member
exteriorly oovered with oonoroto, and said metallio members
being united to form a self-sustaining skeleton frame, work,
substantially os desoribed.
wx/a-W/? •
E. An artiole of furniture oomprising a struoture
oonsisting of a framework of oomposite members, Baid com¬
posite members eaoh being oomposed of a metallio member
exteriorly oovered with oonorete oontaining porous aggre¬
gates, and said metallio members being united to form a
self-sustaining skeleton framowork, substantially as de¬
soribed.
3. An artiole of furniture oompriBing a struoture
consisting of a framework of composite members, baid oom-
(1)
posite members eaoh being ooraposed of a metallio member
exteriorly oovered with oonorete containing aggregates of
pumioe stone, ana said metallio members being unitea to
form a self-sustaining skeleton framework, substantially
as desoribea.
: .
4. An^artiole of furniture oomprising a structure
oonBiBting of a framework of composite members, said com¬
posite members eaCh being composed of a metallio member
exteriorly oovered with, oonorete, and said metallio members
being united to form a self-sustaining integral skeleton
framework, substantially as described.
5. An' artiole of furniture comprising a structure
consisting of a framework of composite members, said com¬
posite members eaoh being composed of a metallio member
exteriorly oovered with oonorete containing porous aggre¬
gates, and said metallio members being united to form a
self-sustaining integral skeleton framework, substantially
as described.
-
6. An artiole of furniture oomprising a Btruoture
4
consisting of a framework of composite members, said com¬
posite members eaoh being oomposed of a metallio member
exteriorly oovered with oonorete containing aggregates of
pumioe stone, and said metallio members being united to
form a self-sustaining integral skeleton framework, sub¬
stantially as described.
*/<•>/' '/
7. The prooe>a of making furniture, whioh consists
in forming a self-Bustaiiliiig metallio skeleton framework,
and molding oonorete upon themembors of said framework
to oover the same and form a composite framework structure,
I substantially as set forth.
(8)
Ifwv-fat ‘/4, v
8. The prooess of making furniture, whioh consists
in forming a self-sustaining metallio skeleton framework,
and molding oonorete Wntaining porous aggregates upon the
members of said framework to oover the same and form a
oomposite framework stVuoture, substantially as set forth.
9. The prooess of making furniture, whioh consists
in forming a self-sustaining metallio skeleton framework,
and molding oonorete oonthining aggregates of pumioe stone
upon the members of said framework to oover the same and
form a oomposite framework \struoture , substantially us set
forth. \
10. The prooess of making furniture, whioh consists
in forming a self-sustaining integral metallio skeleton
framework, and molding oonorete upon the members of said
framework to oover the same and form a oomposite framework
struoture, substantially as set\ forth.
11. The prooess of making\ furniture , whioh consists
in forming a self-sustaining integral metallio skeleton
framework, and molding oonorete containing porouB aggregate!
upon the members of said framework \to oover the same and
form a oomposite framework struatura, substantially as
12. The prooess of making furniture, whioh oonsistE
in forming a self -sustaining integral metallic skeleton
framework, and molding oonorete containing aggregates of
pumioe stone upon the members of said framework to oover
the same and form a oomposite framework struoture, sub-
(3)
13. The phAoeaa of making furniture, which oonsiats
in forming a aelf-i^ining metallic framework, assembling
the framework in a suitablemold, pouring into the mold and
around the framework a oonore1>'m^fcure containing aggre¬
gates of pumioo Btone, and removing^mold after the
oonorete has hardened, substantially as^fc forth. -
REMARKS
While it is not thought that the olaims oanoeled
are properly anticipated by the references oited, new olaimi;
have been submitted which are believed to define applicant <„
invention more accurately. ?he oonorete mixture described
in the patent to lande, Wo. 299,810, is intended to form. a
hard durable artificial stone which will not easily chip or
wear. There ia no disclosure of a relatively light oompos .7
tion intended to cover a metallio framework to form an
article of furniture. It does not appear that the iron
slag used by hands is porous. In the composition describe l
in the patent to Parshall, Ho. 323.722, a material of stiff
consistency is produced- which is not capable of being pourel,
as is the case with the oonorete mixture employed by appli¬
cant, but is applied with a trowel. Furthermore, the .pumi >e
stone employed in the mixture of Parshall 1b finely pulver¬
ized and not employed in the form of aggregates as in appli¬
cant's mixture. The fine pulverizing of the pumioe stone
serves to destroy its porous structure and does not afford
a resulting composition of the requisite lightness. The
patent to Burns, Ho. 909,540 Bhows a sheet metal structure
which is filled with a composition of matter capable of
hardening, but does not show a self-sustaining framework
(4)
a whioh the members ere covered exteriorly with a concrete |
lixture. ®he patent to Price. Ho. 948.770. does not dis-
ll0se a structure in which there is a self-sustaining frame-1
vorli . British patent He 2027 of 1874 is rather indefinite
ln its disclosure, on -account, of the large number of sub- U
Btanoes referred to in general terms. It is not believed I
that the disclosure of this patent is of such a character asj
to enable one shilled in the art to carry out the invention
without prolonged experimenting. It seems clear, however. |
that this patent does not show a self-sustaining metallic
framework, and the material molded is molded by pressure
and net poured. *he patent to Boll. Ho. 910.950. shows
a concrete fence made of members, but does not show a
self-sustaining metallic framework. She patent to Crow.
Ho. 859.272. shows a pole made of edment covered members
joined together, and does not show a framework. Ho specif
io compositions are disclosed in the patents to Bums, Pried
Holl. Crow. Small, or Graham. In the structures shown in
the patents to Small and Graham, the resulting structure
does not constitute a composite framework structure.
It is believed that applicant is entitled to
specify or set forth the characteristics of the concrete
employed to cover the skeleton framework in some of the
claims, inasmuch as the character of this material is of
importance in rendering applicant's invention practicable,
furthermore, it is believed that there is a patentable dis-
;inotion between those claims in which an integral skeleton
framework is recited and those olaims in whioh the integral
feature is omitted, inasmuch as there are certain advantages
(5)
aeoured by having the skeleton framework integral, ana
j structures having the integral framework constitute one.
I speoiea of applioant’s invention.
It is thought that the olaims now presented dis-
tinguish patent ably from- the art cited. Reoonsideration
and alio wan oo ore requested.
| He spoot fully submitted,
I ?HOHAS A. EDISOlt
Orange, Hew Jersey
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE . .
WASH I NGTON . March 18!, 4 913
•Prank Tj. Dyer, LI
. Qrango ,- B. J. .
Pleas, find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
,.Thomaa..A...Mi
Commmioner of V(
Amendrae&t of Peb. 12, 1913 is of record.
Claims 1 to 6 are rejected on the English reference 2087,
of 1874 of record. This patent describes and shows a skeleton
framework oovered with concrete . LShey are also roj acted, on Barns
in view of Poll, both of record. In'viev of Boll’s showing, tho
applloatldn of tho concrete to the- exterior of the skeleton frame
work instead of tho interior is devoid of all novelty.., These claims
are also believed to be fully anticipated by Graham of record, o* %
Crow of reoord , who have a self supporting skeleton frame work to
which concrete is applied Exteriorly. It is not belieded that tho
argument of non-analagous art applies merely because applicant
has ohosen another form of article to illustrate his idea. Tho
result desired and means by which it fcs accomplished is the some
in these oases.
Claims 3, 5 and 6 are further rejected on the ground of
aggregation. There is no relation between the structural arrange¬
ment and the kind of material used. Adding to the practicability
of the devioes, even if true, (being a matter of opinion merely)
cannot affect ’iho'hu^tion cf-patentable,, combination, , Moreover
the material used is disclosed by Marshall of record, the slse of
V aggregate being necessarily dlctatedby the finish desired. The
)uraA.«f oonorete in stiff and web conditions and their respective
1
674,274 . -»•
advantages are well known and 1* oannot therefore affeot the
applicability of a reference. Applicant's attention In also called
to the statements made In the previous Office^ aotl.ononjhls point.
The remaining claims are rejected on 886,677, Semer, May,
6, 1900. They are also rejected on the ground thatjthcy are olaims
for a non- patentable prooess. The steps mentioned arc obvious
from the finished article and fully disclosed by It.
It is not believed that the opplioant has differentiated or
attempted to differentiate from the previous olaims or limited
their scope and therefore a reiteration of the previous rejections
and objections is sufficient; but that the issue may be as clearly
defined as possible, a further application and explanation of the
references has been attempted.
in THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison
CONCRETE FURNITURE
Room Ho. 13 I
Filed January 30, 1912
Serial Ho. 674,274 -
HOHORABIE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:- In response to the Offioe aotion of Maroh 18,
1913, please amend the above entitled oase as follows
In line 1 of eaoh of olalmB 1 to 6 inolusive,
before "artiole" insert - portable - .
Oanoel olaimB 7 to 13 inoluBive.
REMARKS
The prooeBS olaims have been oanoeled beoauBe
it is believed that applicant's Invention will be adequate¬
ly proteoted by the artiole olaims submitted. The artiole
olaims 1 to 6 inolusive have been amended to set forth
definitely that the artiole is a portable one. As pointed
out in the argument aooompanying the amendment dated Febru¬
ary 11, 1913, the British patent No. 2027 of 1874 does not
show a self-sustaining metallic framework, and the disclos¬
ure of this patent is too indefinite.beoause of the large
number of substanoeB referred to in general terms, to enable
one even though skilled in the art to oarry out the inven¬
tion. It is believed that this patent should be withdrawn
as a referenoe, or, if further rejeotion of the olaims is
(1)
made upon it, the Examiner should point out what portion
of the diaoloaure of the patent he relies upon. The pat¬
ent to Burns, Ho. 909,540, shows a sheet metal structure
whioh is filled with a aomposition of matter oapable of
hardening, but does not show a self-sustaining framework
in whioh the members are oovered exteriorly with a oon-
orete mixture. The thin metal employed by Burns Bimply
serves as a mold or frame for the artlole to give the same
form while it is being made, and is not relied upon to
furnish the strength neoessary in an artiole of furniture.
In applicant's invention the skeleton or framework haB suf¬
ficient strength of itself to be self-sustaining and to
withstand usage without breaking. The patent to Ho 11,
910,950 simply shows reinforoing tension members embedded
in oonorete. The patent to Graham, No. 865,490, shows an
arrangement of reinforoing for' building oonstruotion ar¬
ranged within the body or maBS of oonorete to afford added
strength thereto (see page 1 of Graham's speoifioation,
lines 10 and 11). In other words, Graham's oonBtruotion
is merely a variation of ordinary reinforoed oonorete oon¬
Btruotion. The patent to Crow, No. 039, 272, does not
show a framework oovered with oonorete but Bimply an elong¬
ated pole made up of oonorete oovered seotions.
The Examiner has rejeoted olaims 3, 5 and 6 on
the ground of aggregation. It iB believed that all parts
II of the struoture defined in these olaimB oo-operate to pro¬
duce the desired result and that the rejeotion upon the
ground of aggregation is untenable. As pointed out in the
speoifioation of this application and in the speoifioation
of applicant' b prior, application Serial No. 639,752 referred
to on page 3, the use of a oonorete oontalning porous aggre¬
gates or oontaining aggregates of pumioe Btone results in
a superior produot for the purpose intended, and is believed
to amount to invention. In this oonneotion, extracts from
the following deoisions are cited: -
"The substitution of one material for another may!
amount to invention where a superior produot results I
from the substitution."
Eureka Blotter Bath Company vs. Nioholas et al.
157 F. 556.
"The use of a different material in obnBtruoting
an article previously patented involves invention
where it produaes a useful result, increased effic¬
iency, or a deoided saving in operation."
George Frost Co. et al. vs. Samstag et al.
180 F. 739.
"The substitution of one material for another
involves invention where the substituted material is
used in a relation in whioh it had not before been
used and in whioh it aooomplished new and very bene-
fioial results."
119 F. 505.
Furthermore, as pointed out in the argument previously
filed, the pumioe stone employed in the mixture of Farshall,
No. 323,722, is finely pulverized and is not employed in
the form of aggregates.
Claims 4, 5 and 6 distinguish also from the ref-
eronoeB in reoiting that the self-BUBtaining skeleton
framework is integral, whioh is a fe'ature not Bhovm in any
of the references.
Reconsideration end allowance are requested.
Kespeotfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISON
By ^ _
Orange, New Jersey
Mar oh 16, 1914
Hl-JS
His Attorney
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON .
.S!rtujlc..L.«~Hyar, .
. Orange, - -
....JJaw.-leroey-..
Pleas, find Mow a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
TVinman A. iMljton— .Barlul-Ho-.— 0-74*^74,--- -f-t-i-ad.— Jan-*— 50y—
- - -
In roaponae to the unondnent filed Hur. 17, 1914s
The oluirau ura euoh rejected on tho referenooa and for
the reasons of reoord.
Aa the. awenanent doea not in uny way alter the aoopo of
the alulae, ~thlo‘ rejection io mude final.
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 825 Means for Reducing Sounds
U.S. Patent#: 1190133
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 2/15/1912
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Patent Series
Folio# 826
Serial #:
Primary Applicant:
Patent Application Files
Insulating Coatings for Storage Battery Containers and
Other Articles
679744
Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 2/23/1912
petition
®o tlje Commissioner of patents :
gout petitioner xiiomas a. unison ,
a citijen of tfje ®nitcb States, reSibing anb fjabing a post ©fficc abbreSS at
Llewellyn Pork, West Oraneo, Essex County, How Joroey,
praps tfjat letters patent map be granteb to Ijim for tfje improbements in
_ IIISULATIITG COAT IK GS POP STORAGE BATTERY COIITAIIIEES
Alt]) OTHER ARTICLES -
Set fortfj in tfje annexeb Specification ; anb fje fjerebp appoints Jfranfe TL. ©per
(Registration i2o. 560), of ©range, J?eto JerSep, Ijis attornep, toitfj full
pobaer of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tin's application, to ntabe
alterations anb amenbments therein, to receibe tfje patent, anb to transact all
business in tfje Patent ©ffice connected tfjerebritfj.
(q cLL*-* v's'*.
A
SPECIFICATION
|. to ALIi WHOM IT KAY CONCERN:-
li BE IT KNOWN that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a oitizen
1 . 0f the United States and a resident of Llewellyn park,
if West Orange, Essex Oounty, Hew Jersey, have invented oer-
jj tain new and useful improvements in INSULATING COATINGS FOR
j STORAGE BATTERY COH"AINERS AND OTHER ARTICLES, of Whioh
| the following is a specification: -
Si :
| My invention relates to the provision of an in-
I. aulating and protective oovSring or ooating for artioles of
| various kinds , and more particularly to the provision of
I such a ooating for metal storage Battery oans or oontain-
5 ors> and for the trays in whioh the storage battery oolls
j are assembled.
I In storage batteries of the Edison type, the
j oan or container is made of steel, and may or may not be
j'niokel -plated on the exterior. It is desirable to pro-
] vide a protective and insulating ooating upon the exter-
I iors of these oans or containers, and in the praotioo of
j. my invention as- applied to suoh oans or containers, I
j proceed as follows: A very adherent, flexible and rela-
| tively soft, preliminary or first ooating is provided
j4 preferably in the following manner:- A solution oonsist-
| ing of a substanoe of asphaltio nature dissolved in a suit-
| able solvent is prepared, and the oan or container dipped
j therein so as to immerse as muoh of the oan as it iB desired
(1)
I!"
ij'
to ooat. The solvent la permitted to evaporate .leaving
the oan cr container ooated with a layer of the soft
roBiduum of asphalt ia nature. I have found that arti¬
ficial asphalts, such as byerlyte and parolite, dissolved
in benzine, form excellent solutions for this purpose.
The solution for the preliminary or first ooating displaces
all air from the surfaoo of the oan or oonteiner, and after
evaporation of the solvent there is left a very adherent,
flexible and relatively soft coating upon the oan or con¬
tainer. This ooeting has insulating properties and is
not attaoked by tho potash or other strong alkalis v/hioh
are contained in electrolytes of storage batteries.
After the preliminary or first ooating is dry,
j tho oan or container is dipped into a hot molten insulating
f compound containing a halogen derivative of naphthalene so
|! as to immerse the portion of the oan previously ooated.
The oompound preferably employed is oalled "tetrol" and
oonsists of tetra-ohloro-naphthalene and asphalt. The
term "tetra-ohloro-naphthalene" is a trade designation for
a produot formed by the ohlorination of naphthalene, which
crystallizes as a felt of flexible, fibrous orystals. It
is apparently a mixture of various ohlorine substitution
produots of naphthalene, probably the tri-, tetra-, and
penta-ohloro -naphthalenes, having substantially the same
average composition as tetra-ohloro-naphthalene. Tetrol
is prepared by melting together suitable quantities of
either orude or pure tetra-ohloro-naphthalene and asphalt.
Tho preferred proportions for the tetrol are 2 pounds of
(2)
.A„ Californio ...halt on! iu ,— « *“* t.tro-.blo.o-
i melted tetrol, ond permitting It to cool. « 1= *»“ -• '|
f oovered „ith an additional War on oonti.E of a ratoon and
| and durable , insulating and protaoting .<*.«»•. 1 »»™ |
i Joans that a suitable »»«• °* *“ odd1'10”01 ” |
t ...tins for storage battery, .an. -y *. ^ ^
I ing the prall.in.rilp eoat.d .an to a ta.p.ratura of about
T J. and dipping « «0 *"« *
[ of about «.• but the prooese »»y b. oarri.d on ..
S other temperatures. I
1 Ph. layer or ...ting of tetr.l 1. tough and j
I flanibl. even at la. ta.peratura. and doe. not ba.o.a .oft |
!' on Btlohy until heated oon.idar.bly above ordinary te.para-
S: tunes. It i. u«t POfona. and « ™« attaoh.S by ..id. or
j alltali., even uhen the ooida or alltali, ora hot. ■ 1
' l‘ applloation Serial Bo. 604,926. filed d*n»ory . •
f have desorib.d and ol.i.ed thl. in.ulatiug o.»po«»d «“|
| method of mating it .
S man tetrol i. applied direotly to artlolo.
)■ to 0. ooated, ...h a. .an. or oont.iner. »ad. of steal. « |
i. liable to ..rip off- m to ...h .tripping
i off i. ov.ro... by th, ... of the prali.in.ry ...ting «bi.h
S l8 a Btiohy nature and very Cerent, and .blob i. *P-
plied fro. a ll.uid .bio" *■“ di.plao.d all of the air on
the aurfaoe of th. artiole. -
l ing 1. vary adha.lv, and oannot be .tripped off *o»
! etegi. The tetrol adhere, perfectly t. th. preliminary
j or first ...ting and th. t.o .eating, for. a single ....
(3)
posits ooating whioh oannot be stripped off.
My improved prpoess is applioable to other .
articles of various fcinds, such as wooden or metal trays
for storage battery oells, oonduoting wires, armatures,
and armature and other ooils, end may be oarried out in
the manner hereinbefore described in oonneotion with the
floating of storage battery oans or oontainers.
i Having now deooribod my invention, what X claim
as new therein and desire to proteot by Letters Patent is
as follows
1. The prooess of providing ah article with an
insulating floating, whioh oonsists in first applying a
il ooating of adherent material to the artiole, and then
I applying a ooating oontainihg a halogen derivative of
j naphthalene, substantially as set forth.
2. The prooess of providing an artiole with an
1 insulating ooating, whioh oonsists in first applying a
ooating of adherent material to the artiole, and then
| applying a ooating oontaining a ohlorine derivative of
| naphthalene, substantially as set forth.
| 3, The process of providing an article with an
jj insulating ooating, whioh oonsiBts in first applying a
I ooating of adherent material to the artiole, and then
applying a ooating oontaining tetra-ohloro-naphthalene,
substantially as set forth.
;j 4, The prooess of providing an article with an
insulating ooating, whioh oonsists in first applying a
(4)
ooating of adherent material to the artiole, and then apply¬
ing a ooating oontaining totra-ohlom-naphthalene and an
amorphous Bubetanoe, substantially as set forth.
5. The prooess of providing an artiole with an
insulating ooating, whioh consists in first applying a
.. ooating of adherent material to the article, and then
| applying a ooating oontaining tetra-chloro-naphthalene
f and asphalt, substantially ns set forth.
6. The prooess of providing an artiole with an
} insulating ooating, whioh consists in first applying a'
I ooating of adherent material to the artiole from a solu-
| tion adapted to displaoe all of the air from the surface
| of the artiole, and then applying a ooating oontaining
i! a halogen derivative of naphthalene, substantially as
! set forth.
! 7. . The prooess of providing an article with an’
insulating ooating, 7/hi oh oonsists in first applying a
ooating of adherent material to the article from a solu-
| ' ution adapted to displaoe all of the air from the Burfaoe
ij of the artiole, and then applying a ooating oontaining
j| a chlorine derivative of naphthalene, substantially as
S set forth.
i| 8. The prooess of providing an artiole with an
|j insulating ooating, whioh oonsiBts in first applying a
ij ooating of adherent material to the artiole from a solu-
jj tion adapted to displaoe all of the air from the surfaoe
j of the artiole, and then applying a ooating oontaining
ji tetra-ohloro-naphthalene , substantially as set forth.
(5)
j 9* The process of providing an article with an
| Insulating ooating, whioh consists in first applying a
J. ooating of adherent material to the article from a solu-
jj tion adapted to diaplaoe all of the air from the surface
j of the artiole, and then applying a ooating oontaining
jj tetra-ohloro -naphthalene and an amorphous substance ,
' substantially as set forth.
il
10. The process of prbviaing an article with an
j insulating ooating, whioh oonsists in first applying a
| ooating of adherent material to the artiole from a solu-
ji tion adapted to displaoe all of the air from the surface
SI of the artiole, and then applying a ooating oontaining
j- tetra-ohloro-naphthalene and asphalt, substantially as
j Bet forth.
| 11. The prooess of providing an insulating ooating
; for an artiole, whioh oonsists in first applying a ooating
| of adherent, flexible, relatively soft insulating material,
! and then applying a ooating oontaining tetra-ohloro-
naphthalene, substantially as set forth.
12. The prooess of providing an insulating ooating
e for an artiole, whioh consists in first applying a ooating
i
|j- of adherent, flexible, relatively soft, insulating material
jj and then applying a ooating oontaining tetra-ohloro-
1 naphthalene and asphalt, substantially as set forth.
| 13. The prooess of -providing an artiole with an
|i insulating ooating, whioh oonsistB in first applying a
jj solution oomposed of an adherent material of asphaltio
| nature dissolved in a volatile solvent, permitting the
| solvent to evaporate, and then applying a ooating oon-
|
(6)
jj taining a halogen derivative of naphthalene, substantially
:j as set forth.
14. The prooess of providing an artiola with an
|; insulating ooating.whioh oonsists in first applying a
j solution composed of an adherent material of asphaltio
;j natwro dissolved in a volatile solvent, permitting the
| solvent to evaporate, and then applying a floating oon-
I taining a oiilorino derivative of naphthalene, substantially
I as set forth.
i.
'j. 15. The prooess of providing an artiole with an
| insulating ooating,whioh oonsists in first applying a
j solution oomposed of an adherent material of asphaltio
j nature dissolved in a volatile solvent, permitting the
!! • solvent to evaporate, and then applying a coating oon-
| taining tetra-ohloro-naphthalene, substantially as set
i!
j forth.
j 16. The prooess of providing an artiole with ah
j insulating ooating.whioh; oonsists in first applying a
i solution oomposed of an adherent material of asphaltio
nature dissolved in a volatile solvent, permitting the •
solvent to evaporate, and then applying a ooating oon-
!, taining tetra-ohloro-naphthalene und an amorphous sub- ;
| stanoe, substantially as set forth.
!j 17. The prooess of providing an article with an
j insulating ooating, which oonsists in first applying a
ij. solution oomposed of an adherent material of asphaltio
! nature dissolved in a volatile solvent, permitting the
| solvent to evaporate, and then applying a ooating oon-
jj taining tetra-ohloro-naphthalene and asphalt, substantially
j as set forth.
(7)
J 18. An artiole having a oomposite insulating ooating.
|i ’
ij oomposed of an inner ooating of adherent, flexible, relative-
i| ly soft, insulating material, and an outer ooating oontain-
| ing a halogen derivative of naphthalene, substantially as
jj set forth.
19. An artiole having a oomposite insulating ooating
;j. oomposed of an inner ooating of adherent, flexible, relatlvo-
| ly so ft , insulating material, and an outer ooating oontain-
ii ing a chlorine derivative of naphthalene, substantially as
'jj set forth.
jj, 20. An artiole having a oomposite insulating coating
ii oomposed of an inner ooating of adherent, flexible, relativo-
jj. ly soft, insulating material, and an outer ooating oontain-
| ing tetra-ohloro-naphthalene, substantially as sot forth.
21. An artiole having a oomposite insulating ooatin(l;
I
ji oomposed of an inner ooating of adherent, flexible, relatlve-
!j ly soft, insulating material, and an outer ooating oontain-
j! ing tetra-ohloro-naphthalene and an amorphous substance ,
j substantially as sot forth.
22. An artiole having a oomposite insulating ooatinj;
oomposed of an inner ooating of adherent, flexible, relative-
ji ly soft, insulating material, and an outer ooating oontain-
| ing tetra-ohloro-naphthalene and asphalt, substantially as
jj set forth.
jj 23. A storage battery oontainor having a oomposite
insulating ooating oomposed of an inner ooating of adherent
flexible, relatively soft, insulating material, and an out a: •
ooating containing a halogen derivative of naphthalene,
substantially as sot forth.
(8)
24. A Btorage battery container having a composite
| insulating coating composed of an inner coating of adherent ,
ij flexible, relatively soft, insulating material, and an oute:
Sf ooating containing a .chlorine derivative of naphthalene.
|... substantially as set forth.
] gr)t x storage battery container having a composite
| insulating ooating composed of an inner ooating of adherent ,
'1 jioxible, relatively soft, insulating material, and an outer,
| ooating containing tetra-ohloro -naphthalene, aubetantially
I as sot forth. . !
26. A storage battery container having a oomposite
| insulating ooating oomposed of an inner ooating of adherent,
f flexible, relatively soft, insulating material, and an outei
| coating containing totra-ohloro-naphthalene and an amorphous
| substanoe, substantially as set forth.
ij 27. A storage battery container having a composite
j insulating coating composed of an inner ooating of adherent,
'] flexible, relatively soft, insulating material, and an out-
| er ooating containing tetra-ohloro-naphthalone and asphalt,
ij substantially aB set forth.
j
I
!i
©atb.
g>tate of iieto fersep }
Couutj) of <£ssex j
, tfje abobe nanteb
THOMAS A. MDItfOH . . , „ ^
petitioner, being tarty Stuorn, beposes anb gaps! tljat fje is a citijen of tlje Unitcb
States, anb a reSibcnt Of ilov/ellyn Park, V/est Orange , Essex County,
How Jorsoy,
tljat Ije bcrilg beliebes Ijiinself to be tlje original, first anb Sole inbentor of tlje
improbements ittmsuiATiiiG coatiugs ron .storage battery coiitaiiiers
AIID OTHER /ARTICLES,
bescribeb anb claimeb in tlje annexeb specification ; tljat Ijc boes not Unoto anb
boes not beliebe tljat tlje Same tons eber fenoton or uSeb before Ijis inbention or
biscoberp tljereof; or patenteb or bescribeb in anp printeb publication in tlje
Uniteb states of America or anp foreign countrp before Ijis inbention or
biscoberp tljereof, or more tljan ttoo pears prior to tljis application; or patenteb
in anp countrp foreign to tlje fHniteb States on an application fileb more tljan
ttuelbe montfjs prior to tljis application; or in public use or on sale in tlje
{Hniteb States for more tljan ttoo pears prior to tljis application; anb tljat no
application for patent upon Saib inbention Ijas been fileb bp Ijim or Ijis legal
representatibes or assigns in anp foreign countrp.
_! ^ - -
g>toorn to anb subscribeb before me tljis ap 2--
iJotarp public.
[fteal]
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Tldiac
WASHINGTON
a/a Trunk L. Dyor.
Orange, IT, T.
ease find below a communication from the EXAMINER in
for, IHSULATIJKr COATINGS TOi< STORAGE BATTERY CONTAINER ART) OTHER
ARTICLES, filed Eeb. 24, 1912. #679,744. _
Thin oaoe hue Loon oxarained.
Claims 1, to 17,- inclusive are apparently mot in ,
° /
Ntitting #797,702 Aug. 22, 1905 ( 91-61’,) with
o y
Stempel #732,663 June 30, 1903 (same) in vievf of the fact
that applicants insulating compound "containing" a halogen deriv¬
ative of napthelone and asphalt is covered in apjilicants coponding
caao # 604,926 on which certain claims have Been allowed. Hutting
shows a preliminary coating, and Stempel shows the use of asphalt
as a priming oouting.
Claims 1, to 12, are open also to this objection, namely to
the priming ooatlng in each of thoso claims is attributed certain
functional capabilites, the secondary coating is defined in more
or lesB preoise ohomioal torraonology; (Query), What is the rolatiai
in any of these claims betweon the functional capability of the
first aoating, and the ohemioal characteristics of the Beoond
coating.
In claims 13 to 17, the ohomioal natur0 of the primary coat¬
ing is oharactorized'by terms more or lesa broadly definitive, but
terms whioh are responsive to tho chemical character of the second
coating, hence the objection does not apply.
Claims 18 to 27, inclusive are drawn to the artiole. The
Edison #679,744,
claims are either the subject ot division if a different invention
or aB is moro probable., simply tho description of tho article
father than the process and consequently not patentable over the
process claims.
IH THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Eaison
INSULATING COATINGS FOR
STORAGE BATTERY CONTAINERS
AND OTHER ARTICLES
Filed February 24 , 1912
Serial No. 679,744
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Office aotion of
May S, 1912. The patent to Nutting, 797,702, aesoribes a
method of treating wooden bobbins to make them moisture-re¬
pellent, which oonsists in immersing the bobbins in a bath
of very thin shellao ana thereby impregnating the same.
After the surplus shellao haB been permitted to run or, drip
off and when tho bobbins are dry, they are given a final
coating of thick shellao. This patent does not die dose
the use of any of the materials employed in applicant's
process. The patent to Stempel, 732,663, relates to a
method of applying a protective composition whioh oonsists
in applying powdered asphaltum to the surface to be protect¬
ed, fusing the aBphaltum, and then applying a protective cov¬
ering in a oold state consisting of finely ground mixture of
asphaltum, asbestos, and an obstructive material, suoh aB
sand, ground stone, pulverized limestone, or kaolin. This
patent does not disolose the use of a material containing a
halogen derivative of naphthalene and doeB not disolOBe the
step of first applying a ooating of adherent material from
ja solution or of applying a solution composed of an adherent
)
j Room No. 300.
j
)
(1)
material of asphaltic) nature aiasolvod in a volatile sol¬
vent. The Examiner also refers to applicant's o op ending
applioation Serial Ho. 604,926. whioh relates to an insu¬
lating oompouna and the method of making the same. In ap¬
plicant's oo-penaing applioation there iB no aisolosuro of
a preliminary coating. The Examiner apparently contemplate; i
combining the patents to Hutting ana Stempel ana applicant's
oopenaing applioation as an anticipation of olaims 1 to 17.
The manner in whioh such patents and applioation are to be
oombined for thiB purpose is not clear. While it is true
that in some aspeots applicant's present invention consists
in an improved method of using the insulating compound de¬
scribed in his oopenaing application and in the improved
article resulting from suoh prooess, neither the improved
prooess nor the new article is disclosed in his oopending
applioation, ana it is believed that he is entitled to pat¬
ent protection for his invention.
The Examiner's objection to olaims 1 to 12 inclus¬
ive, namely, that to the priming ooating in each of those
olaims is attributed certain functional capabilities while
the secondary ooating is defined in more or less preoise
chemical termonology. is not dear. furthermore, it is not
believed that it is neoeBsary to set forth the relation be¬
tween the "functional capability" of the first ooating ana
the "ohemioal oharaoteristios" of the seoond ooating. Ap-
lioant haB invented a new method involving the use of a
ooating having certain ohemioal characteristics, and it is
believed that the oharaoteristios of the preliminary ooating
may properly be described in physical terms. The second
Iiating nooossarily has certain physical properties by
.rtue of its ahenioal characteristics.
The last paragraph of the Offioo lettor is not
ideratood. -his paragraph reads as follows : -
"Claims 10 to 27 inclusive are drawn to the
artiole. The claims are either the subjeot
division if a different invention or, as is moie
probable, simply the description of the article
rather than the proaess and consequently not pat¬
entable over tho process claims.
hese olaimo are intended to be descriptive of the artiole
nd not of the process, and it is not understood how the
xaminor arrives at the conclusion that the artiole claims
,r0 not patentable over the process claims beoause they are
.esoriptivo of the artiole rather than of the process . On
ihe question of division between tho proooss and the article
ilaims , it is to bo noted that the two sets of claims are
jlosely related, and it is believed that they may properly
jo retained in the same application.
If tho Examiner should again rejeot tho claims on
tho references of rooord or should repeat any of tho objec¬
tions contained in the Office letter of May 8, 1912, he is
requested to state his reasons for such rejection and objec¬
tions more fully and precisely.
THOMAS A. EDI SOU
3y
f range , Hew Jersey
Me y 5th, 1913.
Hh-JS
Div. -15 Boom..— 300
. 4~
c/
'• a. 8. 7. n. dnto of tiling, ond lltla of iu
department of the interior
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON _ July-7* -1-913. -
— i’rarik L. Dyer. -
. Orange-, —H.--
Please find below a eominmuoation from the EXAMINER U
-.TliomB.-A...-2fcltBon--sos-iaa---^ . ~
—ln8ulating-.-Coatinen-.f-©r--&torage--Bati.ery- Containers -and--othor--Jlr-tioleB.
Responsive to letter filed Hay 0, 1913.
Vho oliiiMs are rejected on,
o V'"
Haarwunn #492,197 Fob. 21, 1893 (91-70) in view of applicants
allowed oaoe serial Ho. #0 04,920. It is not beliovod to involve
invention to uubatitute/for tho "Anpliult ltautio" ol* tliio reference,
the halogen derivative/ of naphthalene which is covered in tho Baid
ullov/ed case. / ^
.,0
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BYERLEY AND SONS,
“BYERLYTE ASPHALTUM.”
Patent Application Files
Folio # 828 Storage Battery Systems
Serial#: 681101
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 2/28/1912
Folio No.
Serial 'No ..AlA?
FRANK L. DYER,
Counsel,
Orange, New Jersey.
petition
®o tijc Commissioner of Patents:
gour petitioner thomas a. edison
8 citizen of tlje miniteb States, rcsibing anb fjabing a Post ©ffice abbrcss at
Llewellyn park, Y/est Orange, Essex County, New Jersey
praps tfjat letters patent map lie granteb to Ijint for tljc improbementS in
STORAGE BATTERY SYSTEMS
Set fort!) in tfje annexeb Specification ; anb f)e fjerefap appoints Jfranfc %.
(Registration Mo. 560), of ©range, Mtto JerSep, W attornep, Until fuU
potoer of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tijis application, to make
alterations anb amenbments therein, to receibe tfje patent, anb to transact all
business in tfje Patent ©ffiee connected tfjeretoitf).
SPECIFICATION
I 20 ADI WHOM IT KAY CONCERN: j
| be IT KNOWN, that I. THOMAS A. EDISON, a |
| oitizen of the United States and a resident of Ilewellyn |
| PBrt., west Orange , Essex County. Hew Jersey, have inventedj
I) oortain now and useful improvements in STORAGE BATTERY
| SYSTEMS, of which the following is a description: -
f My invention relates to eleotrioal systems
I containing storage batteries, in which the battery oharg-
j ing current is derived from a generator driven by a prime
it mover liable to fluctuations in speed. My invention is
! particularly adapted for use upon automobiles driven by
| internal combustion engines or other motors, and when so
! uaed, the generator is driven by the prime mover of the
ij automobile and is employed to charge a storage battery
when desired, the said battery being used to supply
, current to lighting or other circuits. Among the objects
1 of my invention is the provision of means for preventing
! variations beyond predetermined limits in the voltage
1 impressed upon the storage battery when the same ie being
\, charged. My invention also comprises a simple and effic
| ient method and means for supplying current at a substan-
1 tially constant voltage to lamps upon a motor driven ve-
S hiol0. Other Objects of my invention will appear her.e-
I inafter.
in the drawings which accompany and form a part
of this specification, and in which lihe reference cnarao
(1)
\
tors are employed to designate like parts throughout the
I several views -
ji Figure 1 is an elevation showing an internal
!| oombustion engine provided with apparatus embodying oertair
j features of my invention;
| Figure 2 is a view, partly diagrammatio , of a
system
| storage battery/ embodying my invention; and
j Figure 3 is a view partly in seotion of one
j! embodiment of my improved means for preventing variations
! beyond predetermined limitB in the voltage impressed upon
; the storage battery.
j Referring to the drawings, an internal oombustion
| engine, whioh may be used to drive a vohiole, is Bhown at
j i, and an eleotrioal generator, suitably supported is shown
|i at 2. The generator 2 is driven from an auxiliary shaft
j 3 of the internal oombustion engine 1 through pulleys 4
• and 5 and the belt 6. The olutoh V, oontrollea by the
1 rod 8, is provided for olutohing and unolutohing the pul-
j ley. 4 to the auxiliary shaft 3. A storage battery 9 is
| : oonneoted to the gonerator 2 through the switoh device 10.
| The devioe 10 oomprises two Blip rings or discs 12 and 13
' fixedly secured to the shaft 11 of the generator 2 and' in-
j sulated from eaoh other by insulating material 14, ana from
! the shaft 11 by an insulating sleeve 15- The devioe 10
oomprises also a member 16 of conducting material shown as
a diso and fixedly seoured to the shaft 11 and insulated
therefrom. Diso 16 is provided with two eleotrioal ooh-
j taots 17 ana 18 insulated from the diso 16 by the insulat-
| ing bushings 19 and 20 rsBpsotively. Oontaot 17 is oon-
| neoted to the slip ring or diso 12 by the conductor 21 ana
(2)
the oontaot 18 1b oonneoted to the slip ring or also 13
by the oonduotor 22. Two elongated members 23 and 24,
of oonduotlng material, are pivotally mounted upon the disc
j 16 upon oonduotlng studs 25 ana 26 respectively. The two
! members 23 ana 24 are approximately parallel to eaoh other,
the free end of one being opposite the pivoted end of the
other. The two members 23 and 24 are oonneoted by means
of the spring 27 tending to oause the said members to move
toward eaoh other. The spring 27 is oonneoted to the mem-
| ber 23 near its pivot 25 in any suitable manner, as for
example, by moans of the projection 28. Spring 27 is oon-
! neotea to the member 24 near the free end thereof in any
| suitable manner, as fbr example, by a threaded member 30
j extended through a projeotion 29 on the member 24 and having
ji a nut 30 1 , whereby the tension of the spring may be ad justec .
'j The free ena of the member 23 is adapted to oontaot with
jj the oontaot 17 ana the free end of the member 24 is adaptod
1 to oontaot with the oontaot 18. A baok stop 31 is pro-
1 vided to limit the movement of the member 23 away from
j!
ji its oontaot 17 and towards the member 24, and a baok
jj atop 32 is provided to limit the movement of the member
j 24 away from its oontaot 18 and away from the member 23.
5 Brushes 33 and 34 are provided to oontaot with the slip
I rings or aisos 12 and 13 respectively. The brush 34 is
jj oonneoted to one terminal of the storage battery £ by a
j aonductor 35. The other terminal of the storage battery
ji 9 is oonneoted to one of the terminal brushes of the genera-
Itor 2 by the oonduotor 36. Conduotor 36 is provided with £
switoh ZT. for oonneoting or disoonneoting the oharging olr-
(3)
1 I ouit to the battery. The other brush terminal of the
generator 2 is oonnooted to the brush 33 by the oonduotor
38. Conductors 39 and 40 lead from the terminals of the
storage battery 9 and are adapted to hare oonnooted aoross
them translating devioes, suoh as the lamps 41 and the
spark ooil 42. A switch 43 is provided for controlling
|! the lamp oirouit 41, and a switch 44 is provided for oon-
ji trolling the spark ooil oirouit.
Ij when it is desired to ohargo the battery 9.,
I as for example, during the day time when the lamps are
not in use, the switoh 43 is opened, the switoh 37 closed,
'} and the pulley 4 olutohed to the auxiliary shaft 3 by
means of the olutoh 7,, whioh is operated by the rod 8,.>
When the engine 1 is at rest , the pivoted members 23 ana
I 24 have the positions shown in the drawing, ana the oir-
I ouit from the generator is interrupted at the oontaot. 17,
,l| As the engine 1 speeds up, members 83 ana 24 tend to move
| outwardly due to oentrifugal notion, ana the apparatus is
| so adjusted that at a certain, predetermined speed oorres-
! ponding to the minimum voltage to be applied to the bat¬
tery, the member 23 makes oontaot with the oontaot 17, the
| member 24 still remaining in oontaot with the oontaot 18.
I The oirouit from the generator 2 may then be traced as
1 follows:- Through the oonduotor 38, brush 35, slip ring'
or disc 12, oonduotor 21, oontaot 17, pivoted member £3, -
spring 27 and diso 16, pivoted member 24, oontaot 18, .
oonduotor 22, slip ring or diBO 13, brush 34, oonduotor
| 36, storage battery £, oonduotor 36 , and baok to the
j generator 2. When the speed of the engine 1 increases
(4)
to suoh an extent that the voltage of the generator 2 la
greater than ia desirable to be impressed upon the stor-
I age battery 9, the member 24 moves outwardly, breaking the
oharging oirouit at the oontaot 18. The outward movement
of the member 23 at a lower speed than the outward movement
of the member 24 may bo scoured by having the two mombers
23 and 24 of similar size, shape and weight, and the dis-
. tanoo between the point of attaohment of the spring 2£ to
the member 23 and its pivot less than the distanoe between
| the point of attaohment of tho spring 27 to the member
124 and its pivot. Instead of providing for breaking the
oirouit at a predetermined inoreased speed, the belt £
;j may be so arranged as to slip when this speed is reaohed,
jl due to tho inoreased load upon the generator at the high
| voltage then generated. When my invention is applied' to
an automobilo, the switoh 37 may be kept closed, and the
switoh 43 opened during the day time when the lights are
not needed, and during the night and at all other times
I
jj when lights are needed, the switoh 37 may be opened and
the switoh 43 olosed. In this manner, a souroe of con¬
stant potential is provided for feeding the lights. The
spark ooil 42 is, however, kept in oirouit while the
jj generator is running, the battery £ tending to steady the
| voltage aoross the spark ooil 42.
! Having now desoribed my invention, what I olaim
as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is as
j| follows:-
(5)
1. In apparatus. of the class described, the com¬
bination of a prime mover liable to fluctuations in
speed, a generator driven thereby, a storage battery, and
means for maintaining the battery in electrical aonneo-
tion with the generator for speeds of the prime mover
within predetermined limits, substantially as described,
S. In apparattis of the olass described, a prime
mover liable to fluotuations in speed, a generator driven
thereby, a storage battery, and means for automatically
connecting the battery to the generator when the prime
mover attains a predetermined speed, substantially as
described.
3. In apparatus of the olass described, a prime
mover liable to fluotuations in speed, a generator driven
thereby, a storage battery, and means for automatically
connecting the battery to the generator at a predeter¬
mined speed of the prime mover and for automatically dis¬
connecting the same at a higher speed, substantially as
described.
4. In apparatus of the olass described, a prime
mover liable to fluotuations in speed, a generator
driven thereby, a storage battery, and oentrifugally
operated means for automatically oonneoting the battery
to the generator when the prime mover attains a pre¬
determined speed, substantially as described.
6. In apparatus of the oIbbs described, a prime
mover liable to fluotuations in speed, a generator driven
thereby, a storage battery, and oentrifugally operated
(6)
means for oonneoting the battery to the generator at a
predetermined speed of the prime mover and for auto-
matioally disoonneoting the same at a higher speed,
substantially as described.
In apparatus of the olass described , a switon
oonprising a rotatable member, a pair of members pivot¬
ally monn^hd thereon, and resilient means oonneoting the
two pivoted robmbers, the said means being connected to
the said members'-at different distances from the pivots,
substantially as de^ribed.
7. In apparatus of the olass described, a rotat¬
able member, a pair of members pivotally mounted thereon,
and a spring oonneoting the twhnivoted members and tend¬
ing to move them toward each othei^. the said spring being
oonneoted to the said members at dif^rent distances from
the pivots, substantially as described.
0. jn apparatus of the olass desoribects. a switoh
comprising a rotatable member, a pair of mernbers\^ivot-
ally mounted thereon, and an eleotrioal oontaot for\^aoh
of said members, said members being normally biased, °nb
. into oontaot with its oontaot and the other out of oon-
I taot with itB oontaot, substantially as described.
In apparatus of the olass deBoribed, a variable
speed generator, a storage battery, a charging oirouit
ifrom the generator having therein meanB for automatically
oonneoting the battery and generator during speeds be¬
tween predetermined limits, a oirouit oontaining trans-
j lating devioes adapted to be oonneoted to the battery,
1 means for oonneoting and disoonneoting said charging oir-
j ouit to and from the battery, and means for oonneoting and
(7)
I. disoonneoting said translating devioas to and from the
battery, substantially a3 described .
Means for supplying ourrent at a substantially
| oonstant voltage to lamps upon a motor driven vehiale,
jj oomprising a generator driven by the driving motor of the
■jj vehiole, a storage battery, means for oonneotlng the etor-
j age battery to the gonorator during periods of non-use of
j the lamps and at speeds of the motor v/ithin predetermined
| limits, and means for oonneotlng the lamps to the storage
'i battery during other periods, substantially ns dosoribed.
\
j -H. "he method of supplying ourrent at a subs tan -
ji tially oonstant voltage to lamps upon a motor driven vehiole
j whioh oonsists in oharging a storage battery from a generat-
i
j| or driven by the driving motor of the vehiole during periods
j of non-UBe of the lamps and at speeds of the motor between
ii predetermined limits, and supplying ourrent to the lamps
j from the battery during other periods, substantially as
| set forth.
®bis Specification sigtteb aub toitneSSeb this .2 f6* bap i
jiLn. f? . <&<*■
MJitneSSetlj:
2. .
©atb.
dtate of J^eto fersep
Count? of Cssex j
THOMAS A. EDISON ’ ^Je alj0l)e name*>
petitioner, being buly Sbtorn, bepoSeS anb SapS tljnt fje is a citizen of tfje ®nitcb
States, anb a resibent of Llewellyn Parle, Y/est Orange, Essex County,
New Jersey
tijat fje berily belicbeS ijimSclf to be the original, first anb sole inbentor of tljc
improbentents in
STORAGE BATTERY SYSTEMS
bcscribeb anb elaimeb in tljc annexcb specification ; tljnt ije boeS not fenoto anb
boes not beliebe tljnt tlje same tons eber Unobm or uSeb before Ijis inbeittion or
biscoberp tljereof; or patenteb or bcscribeb in an? printeb publication in tlje
f&lniteb states of America or an? foreign countr? before fjis inbention or
biscober? thereof, or more tljan tluo ?ears prior to tfjis application; or patenteb
in an? countr? foreign to tlje IHniteb States on an application fileb more than
ttoelbe months prior to this application; or in public use or on sale in tlje
IHniteb States for more tljan ttoo ?cars prior to tljis application; anb that no
application for patent upon Saib inbention has been fileb bp hint or bis lESnl
representatibes or assigns in an? foreign countr?.
_ i . SL s . — _
dtuorn to anb SubScribcb before me tljis bn?
[deal] “^otnrp public.
/
i v3
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON June 21, 1912.
Thomas A. Edison,
C/o Frank L. Dyer,
Orange, Hew Jersey.
^Please find helot
flUM SI 1.813
.^A7/,!L r !
mutation from the EX AH! HER in charge of your application.
nge Battery Systems, filed ’laroli 3, 1912, Serial ilo. 601,101.
'fhe Drawing should indicate the Storage Battery in accordance
with the conventional showing on the drnf toman oliurt opposite
page 88 , of the Bui os of rS'Aijtioe.
Tho drawing chould more el early indicate that the part 42
represents a nnark coil.
Division in required Between Clr-imo 1 to 5 inclusive, 9 and
10 which are drawn to a system of distribution, claims 6. 7 ajld
8 which covers specifically a centrifugal switch, and claim 11
which is drawn to a method independent of the specific system
disoloBed.
Further action on the merits is nostponed until the above
requirement shall have been conplied with.
A’ cursory examination fails to disclose a reference for
applicants .specific "system.
IH THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A* Edison
STOHAGB BATTERY SYSTEMS
Piled Maroh 2nd, 1912
Serial No. 601,101
)
j HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS ,
s 1 5 : ' , ,
In responso to the Office notion of
June 21, 1912, please amend the above entitled oase as
| follows : - • V
Cancel olaims 6, V and 8. |
Renumber olaims 9. 10 and 11 as 6, 7 and 0
respectively.
REMARKS
The ohanges in the drawing required will be made
before the application goes to patent.
Claims 6, 7 and 8 have beon oanoeled in partial
oomplianoe with the requirement of division. Applicant
| reserves the right to file a divisional application covering
( the subject matter of these claims. The Examiner is re
I quested to withdraw the requirement of division between clajj
I s, formerly claim 11, and the remaining olaims of the appli
nation , for the reason that the method set forth in claim 8
I i3 so related to the subject mattor of the remaining, olaims
I (see particularly claim 7) that it is thought that al\ of
the olaims now submitted may be properly examined in the
1 same application.
Aotion on the merits is requested.
(Grange, N. J.
June 19 , 1913
Respectfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDISON .
u.> t< tl
his attorney
By
1 AS A
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . .Gotobe*- lSr- 1913^
-SranJcL.Xfcrwfi
' ' noose find below a eommnnication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
...Thoaafl A. Bdl0O
.Storage Battery
of Patent*.
In response to amendment of June 20, 1913*
It la not clear In this oaae why the method and appnratue
axe bo inter-related that they combine in a single invention.
Applicant* a attentlon ia directed to . the _deoi8ione Ail KoMohon •
48 0. 0., 258. and ia £& Srasoh, 122 0. 0., 1048. The require¬
ment for division between claims 1 to 7 on the one hand and claim
8 on the other hand iB repeated and made final.
The following patents are oiteds
£r««- §if4£ a> 1M’-
Brben. 787.284, Centrifugal.
? /Xv^tJLG: /Q-y*
^ 4-^cf o^^‘^^ww--|
, JL.e-0 I
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 829 Electrical Regulation
Serial #: 685206
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 3/8/1912
Folio No. X*2 ‘f
Serial No. J.lSi
Applicant.
. . . faeOSi-n*/' .
Address.
Filed ///:■•. . .
Examiner’s Room No.
Assignee .
Ass’g’t 'Exec . Recorded . Liber Page
Patent No.
ACTIONS.
Hi.
w /irtfte it .
FRANK L. DYER,
Counsel,
Orange, New Jersey.
Petttton
tEo tlje Commissioner of intents :
gour petitioner thomas a. suisotf
a citizen of tlje ®nit£b States!, resibing anb Ijabing a ^pofit ©ffice abbress at
Llewellyn Parle, Y/est Orange, Ksaox County, Blew Jersey
praps! tfjat letters! patent map be granteb to flint for tlje improbements! fit
ELECTRICAL EECULATIOIT
s!et fortlj in tlje annexeb specification ; anb fjc Ijerebp appoints jfranb TL. ©per
(Registration ^o. 560), of ©range, i?etu Jersep, Ijis attornep, britfj full
potocr of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tljis application, to ntalte
alterations anb antenbments tfjerein, to reeeibe tlje patent, anb to transact all
business in tlje patent ©ffiee connected tijerekuitij.
'Ok-h-c. TV,
SPBCniOATIOI
50 Alii WHOM XT MAY CONCERN: -
BE X1? KNOWN , that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a oitizen i
of the United States and a resident of Llewellyn Park,. West •
Orange, Essex County, Hew Jersey, have invented certain now
and useful improvements in ELECTRICAL REGULATION , of which
| the following is a description:- •- '!
| My invention relates generally to a system of j
| eleotrioal regulation in which a source of current of non- !
| constant voltage is used to supply current to translating
ij devioeB requiring constant voltage. My invention is j
I particularly adapted for use in lighting systems where j
| the lamps aro fed from storage batteries. A storage bat-
•ij tery after being charged has an excess voltage at the begin-]
\ ning of the discharge, which is called the -gas voltage",
j and as the discharge continues, the voltage rapidly falls
j to the normal rate of discharge, and thereafter drops only
j slightly and at a uniform rate until the battery is almost
ij completely discharged. My invention comprises sensitive
I and efficient means for maintaining a substantially constant
voltage on the lamps or other translating devices fed from
a storage battery or other source of current. My in-
vention consists also in the details of construction and |
combinations of elements hereinafter described more fully
and ol&iiB6de
In the drawings which aooompany and form & part
cf this specification, and in which like reference charac¬
ters are employed to designate like parts throughout the
several views -
(1) l'
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic) view of an oleotrioal I
ays tom containing an embodiment of my invention;
Figure 2 is a aide view, partly in section of a
relay adapted for use in my improved system;
i’igure 3 is an end view of the same;
Figure 4 is a plan view below the line 4-4 of j
Fig. 2, showing the movable oontaot of the relay and a j
portion of its spring support;
Figure 5 is a sectional view of the armature of
the relay taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 2; and J
Figures 6 and 7 are side and plan views rospeo- j
. tiTely of an electromagnetic circuit controlling device
j adapted for use in my improved system.
; Referring to the drawings, at 1 is shown a
| storage battery or other suitable source of current, and
j at 2 lamps or other translating devices requiring current
at substantially constant voltage and designed to be fed
j with current from the storage battery. The lamps 2 are
■ I connected directly aoross the mains 3 and 4. The main
J 4 i3 connected to one terminal of the storage battery, and
| the other terminal of the storage battery is connected to
. I the main 3 through the conductor 5 and any suitable number
j of resistances HI. R2, £3. M and Eaoh °f th® r®'
sistances Rl. HE, R3, Si SS ±b Provided with a by-pass
oirouit Bl, BE, B3, B4 and B5 respectively. Bach of
‘ I these by-pass circuits contains a stationary contact and
j a movable contact co-operating therewith, the said contact
forming a part of an electromagnetic circuit controlling
device, the preferred form of which is illustrated more
fully in Figures 6 and 7. Each of these circuit controll
(2)
lug devices oomprisos an insulating base 10 having mooted
| thereon an L-shaped support 11, having a horizontal arm
secured to the base 10. and a substantially vertioal arm
Whioh servos to support at right angles to itself a pair
of cores of magnetic material 12 and 13 provided with coils
14 and 15 respootively. The two coils 14 ana 15 are oon-
j neotod in series and so wound' that the adjacent ends of
I the cores 12 and 13 are of unlike polarity. A carbon
contact 16 is mounted upon a support 17. The support 17
i consists of an l-shaped member having a horizontal arm ad¬
justably secured to the base 10, and a vertioal arm oarry-
| ing the carbon contact 16. The horizontal arm has a
■i| siot 25 therein through whioh is extended a threaded mem-
| her 26 having a nut 27 for securing the support so as to
! properly adjust the contact 16. with reference to the con-
|! taot 19. An armature 18 adapted to oo-operato with the
| magnetic cores 12 and 13 is mounted upon a spring support
ij of conducting material, suoh as sheet metal, and oonBist-
ij ing of an upright portion 20 seoured to the vertioal arm
of the support 11 by a screw 24, a horizontal portion 21
ij extending above the ooils 14 and 15 and substantially
ij parallel thereto, an upwardly extending loop portion 22,
•| and a downwardly extending portion 23. The armature 18
is mounted on the Bide of the downwardly extending portion
| 23, whioh is adjaoent to the oores 12 and 13. Upon the
other side of the downwardly extending portion 23, a carbon
contact 19 is mounted and is so located ns to co-operate
with the oontaot 16. The oontaots 16 and 19 are normally
I in oontaot, being held in this position by virtue of the
jj elasticity of the spring support of the oontaot 19 . The
(3)
]
j
J
il
J
I
I
flexure of the spring support ooours chiefly in the loop j
portion 22 end in the downwardly extending portion 25, and
by virtue of the loop, the flexure is distributed throughout
a considerable length of the support, whioh contributes ma-,
terially to the durability of •the spring support. Y/hen
the coils 14 and 15 are energized, the armature 18 is .at¬
tracted by the cores 12 and 13 and the contacts 16 and 19
are separated. The screw 24 which serves to secure the
spring support to the vertical portion of the frame 11 .
serves also as a means for connecting the oontaot 19 and
its spring sxipport in a circuit. The threaded member 26
is provided with a binding nut 28 for connecting the oon¬
taot 16 in a circuit. A circuit controlling device, such
as is illustrated in Figures 6 and 7, is provided for eaoh
of the by-pass oirouits Bl, B£, B3, B4 and 35, and these
oirouit controlling devices are shovra diagrammatioally at j
Al, M. M and 25 2* In S* howevor* |
eaoh of these devices is shown as provided with a single
actuating coil, whioh iB the equivalent of the pair of
aotuating ooils shown in Figures 4 and 5. Eaoh of the
: by-pass oirouits Bl, B2. M Rnd 25, contains a pair of
j oontaots 16 and 19 whioh are closed when the aotuating
ooils of the oirouit controlling devices are de-energized;
and whioh ore separated when the aotuating ooils are en¬
ergized. The aottiating ooils for eaoh of the oirouit
controlling devices Al. A3. 25. M aad 25 are connected in
oirouit as follows;- One end of eaoh ooil (or pair of
ooils) is connected to a point in the battery through the
conductor 5, and the other end of eaoh ooil or pair of
j| coils is oonneotod through a oonduoting wire Dl, £2, D3
Ij j4 or 15 to a fixed oontaot of a relay 01, 02, 03, 04 or 05,
(4)
ij one of whioh relays is provided for eao’n of the dovioes
AX ,_AE, M» M ^ Ao respectively. The preferred form of
' relay is illustrated in Figures 2 and 3. This relay oom-
jl prises an X;- shaped frame .50 of.. magnet io material having a
j horizontal arm 60 and a shorter downwardly oxtending verti-
oal arm 61. The horizontal arm 60 is provided with upward.
Ij ly extending projections 32 and 33 hy which the relay may
ij be secured to the side of a vertioal support, and with down
ij wardly extending oppositely ourved portions 34 and 35
j whioh are adapted to partly enoirole and hold in plaoe a
| ooil 36. An armature 37 of magnetic material is extended
jj through the ooil 36 and is mounted upon a horizontal pivot
Ij 30 attaohed to the downwardly extending arm 61 of the sup-
!j port 30. The armature 37 is made preferably hollow for
jj the sake of lightness and is provided at its free end with
| a spring extension 39 of non-magnet io material oarrying a
| oontaot 40. The spring extension may bo made of thin
j sheet oopper and is preferably looped as at 62 to afford
! greater flexibility and also at 63 to afford a convenient
moans for attaching the oontaot 40. The oontaot 40 may
be an I-shaped member held in a slot 64 in tho upper
looped portion 63 of the spring support 39. The web of
the I-shaped oontaot is slipped into the slot 64 and the
I two portions of the loop press against the flanges of the
I -shaped oontaot and hold the same in plaoe. A oontaot
mounted in this manner may oe easily removed ana replaced.
The free end of the armature 37 may be slotted for the
reception of the non-oontaot -oarrying end of the spring
I support 39, ana the latter may be soiaerea or otherwise
(5)
i
j
I
5
secured in the slotB. A oontaot 41 is provided in the j
horizontal portion 60 of the frame 30 and is looatea verti-
oally above the oontaot 40 and adapted to oontaot there¬
with when the armature is in itB upper or raised position.
Oontaot 41 is insulated from the frame 30, and is carried
by a threaded member 63 and looked in plaoe by the nut 42,
?he threaded member 63 is iirovided with washers 44 and a
nut 43 for oonneoting the oontaot 41 to a oirouit. In
the oonstruotion illustrated and desoribed there is a
slight rubbing between the oontaots 40 and 41 whenever the
oirouit is made or broken, and the faoes of the oontaots
aro kept clean thereby. Armature 37 is also provided at
its free end with a rod 45 of non-magnetio material, suoh
as brass, extending therefrom and soldered or otherwise
seourea thereto. A weight 46 preferably of non-magnetio
material, suoh as brass, is slidably mounted on the rod 45
and is provided with a set Borew 65 for securing the weight
in adjusted position. The oirouit oontaining the oontaot
41 extends through the oontaot 40, when the latter is in
olosed position, the spring support 39, the armature 37,
| and the oonduotor 47, whioh may be soldered to the arma-
I ture 37 preferably near its pivotal support. As a
ji part of the magnetio oirouit of the relay, a screw thread-
I ed member 48 of magnetio material is extended downward-
jj ly through the horizontal portion 60 of the frame 30 at
Ithe free end of the armature 37. The member 48 has.
a knurled head 48’ to facilitate adjustment of the same.
| The member 48 has extended through it a sorew threaded mem-
j bor 50 of non-magnetio material, the lower end of whioh
I serves as a stop to limit the upward movement of the- arma¬
ture 37, and to prevent the armature 37 from ooming in
(6)
j oontaot with the member 40 whioh would be liable to oause
I a flaking . A nut 49 threaded upon the member 48 serves to
I look the same in adjusted position, and the nut 51 threed-
| ad upon the member 50 serves to look it in adjusted positioy.
j In order to limit the downward movement of the armature 37,.
| a stop BE is provided oonsisting of a threaded member ex-
| tended vertically through the horizontal portion of a non-
| megnetio bracket 51 secured to the horizontal portion 60
| of the frame 30 and having downwardly and horizontally ex-
| tended portions. A nut 53 is provided for looking the
J stop 52 in adjusted position. fhe relay is capable of
j being so adjusted that for a predetermined strength of cur-
\ rent through the coil 36. the armature 37 moves into its
| upper or raised position end the contaots 40 and 41 are
j olosod , and when the strength of ourrent deorensos to a
|| oertain predetermined extent, the armature 37 drops into
! it8 lower position, due to its own gravity and that of the
j vveight 46 , and the oirouit is oponod at the contaots 40 ana
j 4i. --he relay is adjusted to dose the oirouit for a pre-
' determined strength of ourrent and to open the oirouit for
!j a predetermined lesser strength of current chiefly by means
| of the adjustable weight 46, and to a less degree by the
j stops 50 and 52, and the adjustable portion 48 of the mag-
|j uetio oirouit. By screwing the magnetic member 48 into a
j position so that the gap between the free end of the arma-
I ture 37 and the lower end of the member of magnetic material
j ' M is dooreased. the armature will be moved into its upwarc
| position for a smaller ourrent strength in the coil 36,
! nnd viae versa. By moving the weight 46 away from or
(7)
towards the free end of the armature, the armature may be
caused to drop int.o its lower position for a lesser or
greater current in the coil 36. Furthermore, upward ad¬
justment of the stop 52 tends to cause the armature to move
upward for a less current 8tren6th.and downward movement oi
the stop 60 tends to cause the armature to drop into its
lower position at a greater current strength.
Referring (again )to Figure 2 of the drawings,
the pivoted end of each of the armatures of the relays
Cl, 08, 03. 04 and C5 is connected to an intermediate poinl
| of’the’hattery other than that to which the conductor 5 is
| connected, by a conductor 29, and the actuating coils 36
j are connected in any suitable manner, as for example, all j
!' in parallel, or all in series, or in series-parallel, across
the terminals of the battery 1, so that the current strength
| m each of the coils 36 varies as the voltage of the batt-
' ery 1 varies. She relays are so adjusted that for the.
I maximum voltage of the battery 1. i.e. . when the battery
! has its maximum -gas voltage”, the contacts 40 and 41 of
j the relays 81. 08. 03, C4 and 05 are closed. For this
j condition of affairs the actuating coils of the circuit
| controlling devices Al, M* **' M end ^ ar° &11 enorBiZ-
| ad and the by-pass circuits Bl, B8. B3 ,J5i 35 are all
f broken, and consequently, all of the resistances Bl, H2,
\. h3, M and B5 are in circuit with the lamps. These re-
ij sistanoes have such values as. to reduce the voltage to.
j‘ the required voltage for the lamps 8. As the battery
j voltage drops to a predetermined value during discharge,
| the circuit of the relay Cl is opened at the contacts
j; 40 and 41. causing the actuating coil of the circuit cen¬
ts)
!j trolling devioe A1 to be de-energized and the by-pass oir-
s 0Uit B1 for the reBistanoe HI to be olosea, thus outting
j the reBiBtanoe HI out of oirouit with the lamps. The
] remaining resistanoos have suoh values as to oause the
8 proper voltage to be impressed upon the lamps. As the
.j. battery voltage drops ,s.till further, the relays 02, 03,-
| 04 ana 05 have their oontaots suooessively opened, the
■ aotuating ooils of the devioes A Z, AS, M and M are suo"
Ij oessively de-energized, the by-pass oirouits B2* M
.1
1
j
ana B5 are suooessively closed, and the resistanoes R2, j
BS, R4 ana R5 are suooessively out out of oirouit^, ®a*£"ly
taining the substantially oonstant required voltage ./leav¬
ing the lamps oonneoted directly to the battery. The
relays are so regulated that when the minimum voltage at
■which the battery is used to supply the lamps is reached,
all of the resistanoes are out out.
The relays 01, 02, 03, 04 and 05 may be adjusted
to open the oirouits of the devioes Al, A2, A3, A£ and ££
at suooessively lower voltago/'of the battery by properly
adjusting the weights 46 of the relays, the said weights
being looated at different distanoes from the free ends
of the armatures, the said distance being greatest in
the relay 01, and the distanoes beooming suooessively
smaller in the relays C2, 03, 04 and 05.
| Having now described my invention, what I olaim
j as new therein and desire to proteot by letters Patent is
I as follows
A 1. m a system of the olaBS deBoribed, the oombina-
I tion of a souroe of ourrent, translating devioes fed
j therefrom, a plurality of resistanoes oonneoted in oirouit
(9)
between the souroe of ourrent ana the translating devices ,
ana means responsive to ohanges in voltage of the souroe
Of ourrent for short-oirouiting one or more of said rb-
siBtanoes, substantially as described.
| A g. In a system of,- the- class desoribed, the oombina-
j tion of a Btorage battery, lamps foa thereby, a plurality
j| of resistances oonneoted in oirouit between the battery
| and the lamps, oirouit controlling aevioes for the re-
.'I sistanoes, and relays for the oirouit controlling de-
| vioes, substantially as described.
C 3 . In apparatus of the olass desoribea , a frame of V 'j ^
magnetio material, an ar mat lire pivotally mounted thereon,
a ooil supported by the frame and surrounding the armature,
said frame being provided with an adjustable portion of
magnetio material forming a part of the magnetio oirouit,
substantially as desoribed.
] ^ 4. m a system of the olass desoribed, a variable /U. /
j voltage souroe of ourrent, a relay having a ooil oarrying
| ourrent proportional to the voltage of the souroe, and
a movable element, the position of which is dependent upon
•ij the voltage of the souroe, substantially as desoribed.
^ 5. In a system of the olass desoribed, a variable
voltage souroe of ourrent, translating devices fed there¬
by, f resistance in oirouit with the Bouroe and said
devioffl, a by-pass oirouit for the resistance , and means
responsive to the voltage of the souroe for controlling
the by-pass oirouit , substantially as desoribed.
do)
1C, 6. in apparatus of the olass desoribed, a oontaot,
a ooil, a pivoted armature aotuatea thereby, a oontaot
oarried on the free end thereof, and adjustable means
for oauBing the oontaots tb move into oirouit closing
position for predetermined ourrent strengths in the ooil,
substantially as desoribed.
jj C 7. In apparatus of the olass desoribed, a frame
• of magnetio material, on armature pivoted thereto, a
member of magnetio material oarried by the frame and
I adjustable with respect to the' free end of the armature,
Iand an adjustable member of non-magnotio material carried
by the member of magnetio material and constituting a.
stop for the armature, substantially as desoribed.
^ e. m a system of the olass desoribed, a variable
voltage souroe of ourrent, translating devioes fed there¬
by, a plurality of resistances in oirouit with the Bouroe
and said devioes, each of said resistances being provided
with a by-pass oirouit, and means responsive to the volt¬
age of the souroe for controlling the by-pass oirouits,
substantially as desoribed.
9. m apparatus of the olass desoribed, an eleotro-
raagnet having an armature, a looped spring support carry -
ing the armature, a supporting frame to whioh the electro¬
magnet and looped spring support are secured, a contact
fixedly secured to the armature, and an adjustable station
ary oontaot oo-operating therewith, substantially as de¬
scribed.
(11)
C 10. in apparatus of the olass described, a frame of
j magnet io material, an armature pivotally mounted thereon,
j a coil surrounding the armature, and an adjustable weight
for the armature whereby the apparatus may be so adjusted
j; that movement of the armature will ooour for a predeter-.
1 mined strength of current in the ooil, substantially as
(j desoribed.
| n. m apparatus of the olass desoribed, a frame of
' magnetio material having an adjustable portion, a pivotal-
! ly mounted armature, a ooil, the said frame and armature
fj forming a magnetio oirouit for the ooil, an adjustable
|| weight for the armature, a stationary oontaot, and a oon- J
j taot oo-oporating therewith and carried by the armature, j
'll substantially as desoribed. •
■j 12. In apparatus of the olass desoribed, a frame of
! magnetic material having an adjustable portion, a pivotal-
! iy mounted armature, a ooil. the said frame and armature ,
| forming a magnetic oirouit for the ooil. an adjustable
j weight for the armature, adjustable stops for the armature,
I B stationary oontaot, and a oontaot os-operating therewith |
j and carried by the armature, substantially as desoribed. j
W)i* specification Signet] anb UritneSSeb this Td bn? of 191 1
. XiLr
— -■
l. ~0<=L .
2 .
©atb.
&tate of iJebJ Jersey
Count?' of CSSex )
ramus A. hd I;-; on . fte abotoe nmneb
petitioner, bents Mu beponen „«» a* tljnt be « n eitifen ot Hje Wnitet.
states, anb a rcSibcnt of Llowollyn Bark, T<est Orange, Essex County,
Hew Jersey
tUat ije berilij beliebes fttafttt to be tfjc original, first anb sole Mentor of the
impeobemetits in
ELECTRICAL RHGULATIOH
bcScribeb anb data* in tfjc annexeb Specification; that ijc bocs not Unoto anb
bocs not bcliebe tfjat tfjc same toaS eber fenoton or useb before fjiS Mention or
biscoberu thereof ; or patenteb or beScribeb in an? printeb publication m tfjc
tHniteb states of America or any foreign country before ijis Mention or
biscobery thereof, or more than ttoo years prior lo this application; or patenteb
in any country foreign to the fHniteb states on an application fileb more than
tbielbe months prior to this application; or in public use or on sale m je
llniteb states for more than ttoo years prior to tfjis application; anb fljat no
application for patent upon Saib Mention has been Web by him or htS legal
representatibes or assigns in any foreign country.
[fteal]
g,b)orn to anb Subscribeb before me this ^ bayrf 9\^
^ Rotary public.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASH I NGTON October 21, 1912.
Thomas A. Edison,
o/o Frank L. Dyor,
Orange, H. J.
ocr si 191?
, 'WaILEU'
Page 8, line 8, "8" should he 1 .
Pago 9. lino 19, -voltage" should ho voltages.
Prior to action on the merits division in required between
claims 1, 2, 4, 6 and B, which cover a system of voltage regula¬
tion. and claims 3, 6. 7 and 9. which cover a specific typo of
oleotronagnetio switch onpable of general application.
Division is also required between the switch claims, since
claim 9 is epeoifio to the modification shown in Fig. 9. whereas
claims 3, 6, 7 and 10 are epeoifio to the modification shown in
Fig. 2.
The following references are cited to assist applicant in
dividing: -
v Drum,
v Skeen,
✓ Unger, .
v Clarke,
v cutler,
French patent to
✓ Fauset,
J Groveling ,
' Bliss,
v/ Currio,
•/. Cartwright,
J Bprong,
814,304, Mar . 6,
6O0,°721, Aug. 9, B „
' aeQ^fi’, Aug! 2®p wiol Regulators Resistance;
1,006'pi, Aug. 24, 1911, B „
6D3.6472, July 10, 1900,
,/
377,436, Sep. 3,
644/409, Feb. 27,
B72,‘u27, Deo . 8,
401/332, Apr. 16,
618,’«&2, Jan. 31,
856/741, Juno 11,
1907, "
1900, Systems, Car;
1896, Regulators Resistance;
1889, Switches, Klootromagnstio;
1899, " "
Dlv. -26 — Room .. 10.6. 2—200 Paper No 3
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . Itoy..l6*..1913....
Please find below a communication from ilic EXAMINER in charge of the application of
..Thomas... A. ..M1.8oni...aerlftl..HflL*..6.86»8M»..f.lle!l.lter....Sl4..1913,...f.O!f.... .
.Electrical. Regulation.
In view of a probable interference, applicant is required to
respond to the requirement for division made in the Office action
L cS. *■/- 1 ■?' *■
within thirty days, or on or before Juno 16,
1913, mating an oleotion as to the invention to be proseouted in
this case.
c Jfp£*lc-v~
t>/ /■*//■?-
M
JL. No J, G>7 ° , O - Cyyc^C^L A-^12., /f/3
o^uAa.'^~ 3, 1^1 I ,
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 831 Motor Vehicles
Serial #: 685542
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed:
3/8/1912
'•^^•§??Polio /no.' P.'S/ .,*' .... / Serial No. >
|ffiv
Applicant.
. ./?■ SeCtfCvix,
|V-y-. Title .7n+U* ,Zc^Cc*>/e*i
iV:; Piled .**.
' Assignee
Ass’g't Exec. Record
Examiner's Room No.
Liber Page
Zce^ •&&£&{, *
. - . -
y i/L'l \v
?Vvn>" .
prank l. dyer.
Counsel,
. ("Orange, New Jersey.
petition
®o tfje Commissioner of patents! :
gout petitioner tsiokias a. edisoh
a citizen of tije Unite* States, resibing an* Ijabing a Post ©ffice a**ress at
Llewellyn Park, West Orange, Bsbox County, Hew Jersey
prays tijat letters patent map be grante* to him for tfje improbements in
MO*OR VEHICLES
set fortlj in tfje annexe* specification; an* be hereby appoints JfranU %. ©per
(Registration Mo. 560), of, ©range, J2eb) Jersey, W attorney, Utitfj fuU
potoer of substitution an* rebocation, to prosecute this application, to mafee
alterations an* amenbments therein, to receibe tfje patent, an* to transact aU
business in tfje Patent ©ffice connected tberetoitfj.
.True-* . ft .
SPECIFICATION
j TO All. V/HOM IT MAY CONCERN:
BE IT KNOWN, that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a citizen
| of the Unitod States and a resident of Llewellyn Park, West
| orange, Essex County, New Jersey, have invented dertain new
j and useful improvements in MOTOR VEHICLES, of which the
| following is a speoifioation:-
| ijy invention relates generally to motor vehicles
ij and more particularly to improvements in the running gear
I 0f suoh vehicles, whereby the construction of the same is
1 facilitated and its durability is inoreased. One feature
J of my invention is a motor supporting frame adapted to be I
|j readily attached to the axles of vehioles of ordinary oon-
I struotion, and another feature is the provision of cushion-
•ij ine or shock-absorbing means for the motor and metal parts
j 0f -the frame, so as to prevent crystallization of suoh parts
idue to shooks, and consequent fraoturing. As a ouBhioning
means, I prefer to use non-metallio elastio material, pref¬
erably fabrio, suoh as felt-like material, canvas, or rub-
| berized fabric. In my improved structure, the motor sup-
j| porting frame is separated from the axles at_ all po.intfl_by.
cushioning material, and the motor is separated from the
j frame by similar material. In thiB way the metal parts
I of the frame and particularly the motor are proteotod, from
I shooks reooived by the' wheels and axles. My inventioij in.
eludes also means for roinforoing and strengthening vthd
1 vehicle structure. My invention oonsists furthermore/ln
the combinations of parts and details of oonstruotion here
inafter described more fully and claimed. ,. \
in the drawings wnien aooempany end r“™ “ »"*
sf tni. opeolfioation, and i« »»- *“•
j ter. am employed to designate line parts tnro.gl.oat tne
|l several views -
| figure 1 ie a plan view of a motor vehicle em-
| bodying my invention with the body removed;
j Figure 2 is a vertical section on the line- *-2
1 of Figure 1;
J Figure 3 is an enlarged vertical section on the
1 line 3-3 of Figure 1; and
* Figure 4 is a rortioal el.ratlon snowing a portlo.
j 0, tne roar one of tn. reniolo snd mean. for attaonlng tne
' |l frame thereto .
Referring to tne drawings, at 10 and 11 re.p.ot-
j iveiy are .now. front snd rear aria. of a rentals of ordi-
. .ary bonstruetion. in. front «le 3fl •»««“ “ “
steel portion 1£ and « wooden stiffening »>■«. 16. ■»*■*“
rear'rirle 11 inolnd.s an iron or steel portion 14 and a
| wooden stiffening portion 16. mo front r.niol. wle.ls
1 ! are snow, at 16 and 17. and tne rear r.niol. wn.ols .. IB
i and 19. Kean. »r «“ “ m°” “ ~
j Tne free.. for o.«pli»S *»•«»' *“ K“t ““
■I res, axlos and for supporting tn. motor ooneists of side
i members SI and end «««“ ~“M M “if ^
i iron or eteol ohopos, preferatly angles. Kaon of tno
side members 61 and 66 » “* “nn”‘ea
togstner at tneir formed end. by being rire.ed or welded
to a member &. mien is preferably a. iron or steel .as -
i„g. me ends of tn. ores, member 66 «• — »«* *“
(2)
aide members 21 and 22 near their rear ends, but in front |
j of the rear axle, by riveting or welding. The ends of the l
| oross members 24 and 25 ^respectively are secured to the sid|
1 member s 21 and 22 intermediate-the ends thereof. The mainj'
j portion of the frame consists- -of the side members 21 and
, 22 and the oross members 23, 24 and 25. Additional stiff-
| ening and reinforoing members may be provided, suoh as-the
|j member 58, whioh oonneots the members 25 and 21. A block
I 87, preferably of iron or steej, is seourod to the under i
' side of the central portion of the front axle 10 by clips
I 2.Q. The bio ok 27 has a horizontal opening therethrough ex-
| tending at right angles to the axle, and in the opening a
•! bushing 29 is secured. A horizontal pin or bolt 30 is
- | extended through the member 26 and the blook 27 and serves
j to oonneot the frame to the front axle. A nut 31 and
/ washers 32 are provided for the bdtf By this construe- \
'j tion, the axle has freedom of movement relative to the
j frame around the axis of the bolt, and strains in the frame
I structure due to inequalities in the roadway are avoided.
'| Elastic material 33, such as felt-like material, canvas,
j or rubberized fabrio, is plaoed between the metal blook 27
i and the iron or steel axle 12. and between the oross pieces
j 34 of the dips 28 and the wooden portion 13 of the axle,
j in order to prevent crystallization of the metal parts due
j to the shocks to which they are continually subjected when
I’ the vehicle is in use. Such crystallization is liable to
cause fracture of the partB.
In order to sooxire the frame to the rear axle,
the following construction is employed:- A member 40,
, preferably an iron or steel casting, is provided for each
(3)
s
I of the roar ends of the side members 21 and 22. Each of
the eastings 40 is adapted to be scoured in place under
the rear axle by olips 41, 42 and 43- '?he 0ll» & imsses
under and in engagement with an extension 44 of the oast-
■ing. The extension 44 is parallel to the axle and has
a groove in its under aide for the reception of the clip
1' 41. The dip 43 passes over the^ wooden portion 15 of the
rear axle and lugs 45 integral with the
casting 40. The clip 43 has nuts 46 for securing the
| oaBting in plaoe. Eaoh casting 40 has an opening there-
' through which is preferably rectangular and extends at
I right angles to the rear axle. The rear end of one of
| the sido members 21 and 22 is extended through the open-
]• mg of eaoh casting. In figure 4 the roar end of the
I Biae member 22 is shown extended through the opening, and
I the rear end of the side member 22 may be reinforced by
j a piece of the some shape and material riveted thereto, as
j shown in this figure. A block of metal 4V al8° 8*tena"
od through the opening and assists in holding the side
member 22 in place. The block 47 rests on the bottom of
* the reotangular opening of the casting 40. On the top of
the block elastic material 48 of the character hereinbefore
' described is plaoed to prevent crystallisation in the
metal parts due to shocks. The horizontal flange of the
j angle-shaped side member 22 rests on the elastic material
i 48, and the vertioal flange extends between the side of
! the block 47 and a vertioal wall of the reotangular open-
■ ms in the casting 40. Upon the horizontal flange of the
side member 22 is placed elastic material 49 of the oharao -
(4)
j! ter hereinbefore dosoribed. Bearing member a 50 and 51
j rest upon the olastio material 49, and olips 52 and 53
Ipaaa over the bearing members and around the aide member'
22 and blook 47, and are seourea by nuta to rearwardly and.
| forwardly extending lugB 54 and 55 integral with the oast-
j ing 40. The side member 22 is seoured in the easting 40
f by the olips 52 and 53, and the side member 21 i3 secured
1 in its oasting in a similar manner. The clip 42 extends
jj around . the bottom of the oasting 40 in a groove therein
jj and passes through openings in the horizontal flange of
jj the side member 22. The olips 41 and 42 are secured by
j! nuts in the bearing member 56 resting upon the lower sheaf
| of springs 57. Thus, the slips 41 and 42 servo to secure
I the rear springs and axle together as well as aiding to
|j o'lamp the frame in plaoe. The olip 42 is put in plaoe
I after the rear ena of the side member 22 has boon extended
!! through the opening in the oasting 40. The struoture for
oonneoting the rear ena of the side member 21 to the rear
axle is the same as that for oonneoting the rear end of
the side member 22 to the axle.
| Upon the frame is mounted an eleotrio motor 60
| by means of brackets 61 and 62 attached to tho oross mom-
| tors 23 and 24. Cushions of elastio material 39. of the
il oharaoter hereinbefore deaoribed separate the braoketB
161 and 62 from the oross members 23 and 24. A counter¬
shaft 63 is also mounted on the braokots 55 , 36 and 37
I seoured to the frame so as to be aajtistable in position to
reflate the tension of the ohain drives 64 ana 65. The
3L, *- <*-/*/, *
■| braoket 36 is mounted on a member ^Z, oonneoting the oross
(5)
j members 24 and 25. Cushions of elastic material 33 of
the character hereinbefore described separate the brackets
35, 36 and 37 from the frame at all points. Power from
tho motor is transmitted from the motor through the chain
drives 64 and 65 to tho rear wheels 13 and 10.
Reinforcing means for strengthening the front axlo
• may be provided, consisting of a tension rod 70 having its
jj ends secured to lugs 71 whioh are attaohed by screws or
| bolts 72 to the forward side of the front axle 10 at points
Jj substantially equidistant from the middle of tho axle, the
jl said rod extending in a groove around tho forward face 4f
ji a thrust block 73 which is located between the front por-
i tions of the dips 28 and held against lateral movement
j thereby. The block 73 is pressed against the iron portion
| 12 of the front axle by the tension rod 70. A turn buokle
jj 74 is provided for adjusting the tension of the rod 70.
jj This reinforcing means serves to strengthen the front axle
| against shooks produoed by obstanles enoountered in the
jj roadway by the front wheels- in the forward movement of the
, i vehicle.
As an additional stiffening means for the struo- J
. ture, I may provide a pair of tension rods 75 extending fron j
the front portion of the vehicle to tho roar axle. Eaoh \
of tho rods 75 is secured at its forward end to a plate 76
held between a blook 78 on the front spring and tho vehiole
■ body 79 by bolts 77, and is seourea to the rear axle by a
plate 80 sedurea to the under side of the roar axle by
olips 81. A turn buokle 82 may be provided in eaoh of
the rods 75 for adjusting its tension. In this manner
(6)
the structure is stiffened ana strengthened against shocks
due to inequalities in the roadway and to starting and
stopping the vohiole. Furthermore , the tension rods M: '
permit tho front axle to turn about the pin or bolt 30-
wit hout distorting tho struoture.
Having now described my invention, what X
olaim ana aesire to seoure by letters. Patent of the United
States 1b as follows:-
1\, in a motor vehiole, a unitary motor-supporting
j- ana axlo\ooupling frame adapted to be soouroa to the front
!| ana roar axlos of a vehicle, substantially as described.
J, 2. Tji^'a^notor vehiole, a unitary motor-supporting
j and axl e - o o upling\f r erne of iron or steel adapted to be
•| secured to tho front, ana rear axles of. a vehiole, sub-
| st antially 'as described^
|j 3. m a motor vehiole, a unitary motor-supporting
I and axle-ooupling frame adapted to be seoured to the front
j and rear axles of a vehiole, andmeana-for readily seour-
I ing the frame to the said axles, substantially i
soribed.
\
u _ _ _ - - ^\mo t o r -support ing
j and axle-ooupling frame (of iron or steel adapted to be
I secured to the front and rear axles of a vehicle , and
means for readily securing the frame to the sai\axlea .
| Substantially as desoribed.
(V)
i motor vehicle, a unitary motor-supporting.
' and axle^QOupling frame, and means for scouring the frame
in fixed relation to the rear axle and in movable relation
to the front axle , "substantially as desoribod.
6. In a motor vehiole^-ja unitary motor-supporting. •
and axle-ooupling frame of iron oir^e^teel , and means for
securing the frame in fixed relation to"^eraur axle
and in movable relation to the front axle, substantially
as described.
Y. in a motor veViole , a motor-supporting and
axle-ooupling frame of mWallic members and adapted— be^
seourou to the front and tear axles of c\ vehiole , ana^non-
metaliio oushioning means, for reducing the tendency to
crystallization of tho said\membors due to shocks, sub- ^
stantially as described.
4 In a motor vehicle, V frame__ secured to the ^
axles of the vehiole and separated theref'romAby non-metall-
io elastic material , and a motorWd power transmitting
meohanism mounted on the frame onV separated therefrom by
non -metallic elastic material, substantially as aesoribed.
3 secured to tjio
i separated tWerei’rom^by elustj
3 h. In a motor vehiole,
axles of the vehiole
rio, ana a motor and power transmitting meohanism mounted
on the frame end separated therefrom hy\ elastic fabric,
j substantially as desoribod.
J 3
jn a motor vehiolo, reinforoing means for the
axle comprising a t1 Look located substantially at
jj the middle of the forward side of~fhe-^a^.e , a tension roa
! extended over the forward side of the block, and:
(8)
for-a souring the ends of the 1
laion rod to tho axle ,
axle comprising a thrust bloolc loontod substantially at
the middle of tho forward side of the nxlo, a tension rod
extended over the forward side of tho bio ol:, and lugs se¬
cured to the ends of the tension rod and to the site,.,
substantially as described.
^ ^ 'ig, in a motor vohiole, the combination of front
and roar axles , oarried thereby, a frame connecting
the axles, and tension rods^seoiired to the roar axle and to
tho forward portion of t ho ^vehi^lo above the front spring ,
svibstantially as dosqribod.
3 ^ In a motor vehicle, tho combination of front
and rear axles, springs flm1 a body mounted thereon, u frame
i/is/zy n
fixedly secured to the rear nxlo .apd pivot, ttlte.i^qjired to
the front axlot^and a tension rodAo6i>Poatinr the rear nxle ^
with the forward part of tho body, substantially as de-
'isi, in a motor vehicle, the combination of front
and rear axles, oprings and a body mounted thoreon, a frt
fixedly seonroa to the. rear axle and pivotally scoured t(
’’/‘S/iy S//A-J
the front axle, and tension rodsA oonneoting the rear axli
with the forward part of the body, substantially as de-
(> *- 7 7//f// y
©atb.
gitate of i?elu fcrScp ) gg
Count? of CSSex i
THOMAS A. EDISON > ^ nbob£ «««*
petitioner, being bulg Sbtorn, bcposes aub saps tijat fje is a citizen of tlje Umteb
States, anb a rcSfeent of Llewellyn I’arte, West Orange , Esse* County,
Hew Jersey
tijat fje berilu bcliebes Ijimself to be tlje original, first anb sole inbentor of tljc
improbementS in
bescribcb anb elaimeb in tlje annexcb Specification ; tijat fje boeS not Unoto anb
boes not beliebe tfjnt tlje Same toas eber fenobm or useb before ijis inbention or
biscoberp tfjereof; or patenteb or beScribeb in anp printeb publication in tlje
fHniteb States of America or anp foreign eountrp before ijis inbention or
biscoberp tfjereof, or more tljan ttoo pears prior to tljis application; or patenteb
in anp eountrp foreign to tlje fHniteb ££>tates on an application fileb more tljan
ttuelbe months prior to tljis application; or in public use or on sale in tlje
XHniteb States for more tljan ttuo pears prior to this application; anb tijat no
application for patent upon safe inbention fjas been fileb bp Ijim or Ijis legal
representatibes or assigns in anp foreign eountrp.
/?. _ - -
gstoorn to anb subscribeb before me tljis bap of 191*--'
Thomas A. JEdison,
care Frank T,. Dyer
Orange, J*
Please find below a commit
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON May 22 »
u. S. PATENT OFFICE,
2 3 / MAY 22 . '12
limtion from the EXAMINER in charge of you, r application.
for Kotor vehicles , filed Maroh 22, 1912, #606,542.
/Page 3, lino 16, bolt is misspelled. Is clip 43 "threaded"
into lugs 45, as stated on page 4, lines V and 87?
The reference numeral 37 is used bottom of page 6, and
on the drawing to designate two unlike parts.
The following reforencoB arc oited:
Willard, Y12,829^Hot. 4^ Motor Vehicles,
Willard, 712, 829., /gov. 4, 1902, l
ss J: wool , .
fll aims 1 to 8, inclusive, are rejeoted on Millard, cited.
The frame C carrying the motor is connected to the front and roar
axles with rubber cushions interposed between said axles and frame.
giaia 9 is not patentable over Millard, taken with Clark.
The former patent shows thu resiliontly supported frame,
and the latter patent the resiliontly supported motor. To combine
these two supports for the motor would produce no new or different
result and would not involve invention.
The patent to Lockwood, cited, shows that it is not unusual
in the art to place cushions between the motor and its supporting
frame. Claims 10 and 11 are not thought t0 ntion^in^plaeing
8?5is braoe Tthe axle if the axle required
a braoe ^a^llf^'and 14 are rejeoted on Pearson, cited.
Ill THE UIII TED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
THOMAS A. EDISON, 1
MOTOR VEHICLES, )
Piled March 33, 1912, )
Serial Ho. 605,543. 1
Room Ho. 335.
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
S I R:
In response to tho Office action of
May 33 , 1913 , please amend the above entitled case us
follows :
Pace 3, lino 25, cancel "Each" and insert
- Both " ' . - +
Page 5, line 16, change "holt" to - holt -
Page 4, line 8, cancel "threaded into'.
and insert - secured to - . ,
Page 5, lino 13, change "olipu" to - cl P >
„„„ las* lino, change "37" to - 36a - .
same page, las., imo , u i.
Page 7, lino 3, change "82" to - 7.» - .
Claim 7. line 2, cancel "and adapted to be",|
„ to tho - , and after "and" second
line 3, change a to - vno ,
insert separated therefrom at all points by •
occurrence, insort - separate
Claims 8 and 9, line 2, after "therefrom
insert - at all points- .
Claim 12 t line 3, and claim 14, line
after "rods" insert - directly - .
Claim 13, line 4, after "rod" insert -
ly - •
1 to 6.
Cancel ololr.e 1 to 5 10 arf 11.
Bcnn.fr .1«1» 7 . 8. 9. 10. 1= ■»» 14 “
II
und roar axles, springs, an! a body mounted thoroon, a frame
fixedly secured to the roar axle and having a 'single hori¬
zontal pivotal connootion wilSh the front axle and u tension
rod directly connecting the rear axle with the forward part
of the body, substantially as described.
IQ.' In a motor vehicle, the combination of front
and roar axlos, springs, tund a body mounted thoroon, a
frame fixedly secured to the roar axlo and having a single
horizontal pivotal connection with the front axle, and
tension rods dir’ootly connecting the roar axlo with tho
forward part of tho body, substantially as described.
H K a A S X S
Tho Examiner is requested to kindly change
reference character 37 designating the member on whihh
bracket 36 is mounted to 36a.
Applicant is aware that it is customary to
tho motor ot a vohlol. upon tho v.hiolo iramo hy
„,a„. of metallic apri«0s •• tto ro£""°"
Clark und l>0ckwood. While such a mounting is doubtloBS
advantageous in that the motor v/ill bo prevented from
partaking of all the jolts and other movements of the
vehicle frame resulting from unevonneos in the roadway,
I have discovered that, where the connections between
metallic structures, such as the axlos and framo and tho
frame and motor of a vohicle are of metal, ovon when
these connections take tho form of springs, the shocks
received by the wheels and axles of the vehicle act
through the metal connections to causo molocular displace¬
ment of the matorial of the frtuno and motor and result ,
in the crystallisation of tho parts and consequent
fracture. In my improved structure, the motor supporting
frame is separated from the axles at all points by non--
metallic cushioning matorial such as canvas or rubberised
fabric, and tho motor is separated from the framo by similar
material. While Hillard discloses cushioning means be- .
tween the frame C and tho front and roar axles, ho also I
discloses rigid connections M betvfoen . tho f ^ C and tho __
roar axle ? which, connections aro entirely of metal.
Consoquontly , shocks received by tho rear axle of
Millard's vehicle would be comnunicatod through tho
connections H to the frame C and cause crystallisation of
the latter. Moreover , Hillard provides no cushioning
means botween the motor and tho axle coupling framo C.
Uor does any of tho references disclose, non-motullio
cushioning moans between the motor and the vehicle frame, j
By the employment of non-metallie cushioning means botween
the axles of the vehicle and, tho axle coupling frame and
between the axle coupling frame and the motor, applicant
does pro duo o a now and useful result, namoly , the preven¬
tion of crystallisation of tho partB of the axle coupling
frame and the motor which v/ould otherwise result from
the shocksreoeivad by the axles of the vehicle.
Claims 1, 2 and 3 specify that the frame
soeurod to the front and rear axles of the voliicle is
separated at all noints therefrom hy non-metal lie,
ouBhloning, means or elastic fabric. Claims 2 and 3 also
specify, as do new claims 7 and 8, that the motor and power
transmitting mechanism is mountod on the frnrao soourod
to the axles of the voliicle and is separated therefrom
by non-motallic elastic material or by elastic fabric.
Claims 4, 5, 6, 9 ond 10 apocify that a tension
rod or tension rods are directly soourod to the rear
axle and to the forward part of the vehicle or body. In
Pearson's device, the truss rods P are not diroetly
connected to the rear axle, but are connected at one ond
to the body of the vehicle and at the othor end to tho
axle coupling frame 0. [ Hods P, therefore, will impose
stress on the axle coupling frame 0, wheroas in applicant’s
device, tho tension rods relievo the axlo coupling frame
from more or less strain to which the frame would otherwise |
by subjected by shocks due to inooualities in the roadway
and to the starting and stopping of the vehicle, and divide
tho strain betweon the vehicle body ond the rear axle.
Claims 5, 6, 9 and 10 further specify that tho
frame secured to ^ rear axle is pivotally secured to the
front axlo or has a single horizontal pivotal connoction
therewith. The connection of the tons ion rod or rods
with the vehicle body and the roar axlo in the constr^tion
J4. front axle ,to turn
called for hy these claina permit the iinF
n t its Pivotal connoction with tho axlo coupling
freely about its piv
Dlv. -X-. Boom ...i
(b) ■’IS-JMSS*.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON Tilly 17, 1913.
Prank 1. Dyar,
. Orange,-!!..- J»-
S. PATENT OFFICE,
JUL 171913
DIV. X.
MAILED.^
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
.<Ehomas..A,.Bdiaon,...for..lfatox-.Vahi0lee,..filad..Mhroh.22,...19.I2., .
Amended. Hay 10, 1013*
She following additional references are cited:
Srenafa patent to Pauloin, 381,969, January 25, 1908, Hbtor Vehicles,
it « n Gautier, 1st Add. to 370,367), Tan. B,
• ^ 1908, Hotor Vehicles, (Prames) .
Claim 1 is- rejected- on.Hillard:' of -record* - 9?he-more fact that
the patentee pivots holts a5 to the hands P, 0, and secures theBe
holts to the axle.^/does not interfere with the function of the
ruhher blockB a. It is not Been how applicant oan insist on such
a distinction v/hon his own device shows a metallic oontaot between
the side of t£e tpde/and bipole 27,
eiaims 3f h'e and B' are rejected on Hillard, in view of
trenoh patent to Gautior. ®ho latter patent shows rubber cushions
between the motor frame and the min frame, while Hillard shows
the cushions between the axles and main frame. It is not seen
that any invention is involved in mounting a motor on the
Hillard frame with cushions between the motor and frame in view
of Gautier. ,
Claims 4, 5, and 6 are not considered patentable over pearson
of record. It is not believed that there is invention in connect¬
ing-rods P Jre the rear axle instead of to the frame 0 near the
#685,642-
axle. The frame 0 ia braced by roda 0®, and it ia not
thought tho funotion of the devioe would not be materially
different whether the braoes P are attaohed direotly to the
axle or to the frame in proximity to the axle. The frame C is
pivoted to one of the axlea aa oalled for in olainm 5 and 6.
Exr. Div. X.
XXI SHE TOUTED STATES PATENT OFFICE
THOMAS A. EDISON, )
HOTOE VEHICLES, 5 „ _ 0(IC
Room Ho. 235
Pilod March 22, 1912, )
I Serial Ho* 686,542- )
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OP PATENTS,
SIR:
In roeponoo to the Office action of July
Xy^ 1913, please amend the above entitled ouse as follows:
Claim 4, line 2, cancel "BpringB" and
Insert -/a body lino 4, cancel "vehicle" and insert
I Claim 5, line 2, canool "springs and
line 3, cancel "pivotally", line 4, after "sale" first _
ocourronoo insert -jso as to permit relative tilting move-
mont of the latter and said frame -♦ _ _ _ _
Claim 6, lino 2, cancel "springs and", line
4, after "axle" first occurrence, insert -j"so as to permit
relative tilting movement of the latter and said frame -- _
\, Cancel claims 1, 2, 3, 7, and 8.
Ronumber claims 4, 5, 6, 9 and 10 as 1,
2, 3, 4 and 6 respectively. j
Add the following claims:
_ 6- In a vehicle, the combination of front and roar
axles, a body mounted thereon, a frame secured to the roar
axle and having a connection v:ith the front axle permitting .
movement of the latter with rospoot to said frame about an
J axis substantially at right angles to the said front axle,
and a tension rod directly connecting the rear axle with the
1 forward part of tho body, substantially as described.
7. In a vehiolo, tho combination of front and rear
I axles, a body mounted thereon, a frame Beourod to tho rear
I axle ’and having a connection with tho front axle permitting
movement of the latter with reepeot to sail frame about
a horizontal axis substantially at right angles to the said
front axle, and tension rods dlreotly connected to the
rear axle with the forward part of the body, substantially
as described.
REMARKS
It is submitted that olaJm 1 (former claim 4)
olearly and patantably distinguishes from Pearson of
reoord. Pearson, in lines 82 to 88, page 1 of his
patent stateB that the front of the oarriage body is con¬
nected indireotlv to the rear axle B by means of rods P,
the rear ehds of the latter being connected to the axle-
frame rodB 0,C (and by them to the rear axle). The con¬
struction set forth in this olaim is especially adapted
for a vehiole wherein the front axle may tilt freely with
respeot to the axle-coupling frame about a horizontal
axis without distorting such frame and^ without imposing
stress thereon, while at the same time the vehiole structure
is stiffened and strengthened against shookB due to in¬
equalities in the roadway and to starting and stopping of
the vehiole by means, such as the tension rods described in
the olaim. The construction disolosed in Pearson is ob¬
viously not adapted for a vehiole of this typo for in case
of the tilting of the front axle of PearBon'B device Btrains
would be imposed on the axle-ooupling frame 0 through the
truss rods P and the frame C, would oppose Buoh tilting
movement. Moreover, the oonstruotion called for in the
olaim has the further advent ago over Pearson of dividing ...
more or less of the strains to which the vehiole struoture
is subjeoted between the vehiole body and the rear axle
and relieving such strains from the axle-ooupling frame as
was olearly brought out in the remarks on page 4 of the
amendment of May 10, 1913.
While it is believed that claims 2 and 3 (former
claims 5 and 6) olearly distinguish from Pearson as
presented in the last amendment, theBe claims as amended
still further differentiate from this reference by specify¬
ing that the frame is secured or pivotally sooured to the
front axle so as to permit relative tilting movement of the
latter and said frame. Ibis feature is not diBolosed in
Pearson.
Hew claims 6 end 7 presented herewith are drawn
along the lineB of allowed olaimo 4 and 6 respect ively.
Ehese olaims clearly differentiate from Pearson for reasons
similar to those sot forth on pages 4 aid 5 of the amendment
of May 10, 1913 in connection with olaimo 4 and 5 (former
olaims 9 and 10 ) , end are thought necessary in order to
adequately protect applicant in his invention*
Por the reasons above set forth further consider¬
ation and allowance of the olaims are respeotfully requested,
Respectfully submitted,
IHOMAS A. EBISOH,
By_
Orange, Hew Jersey, his Attorney.
July /•€ 1914.
WAH-KOK
<B)
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . JbigU&t..27.,...1914....
u, S. ?M!M! 0’7!'
■ation from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
Thomas A. lUdinon, .
Please fin A below a
Commmiontr of Patents. U
Amended July 16, 1914.
The statement of Invention is net commensurate with
the claims now in the oase.
Claim 1, (former 4) is not patentable ever Pearson of
record. The braoes ? perform substantially the same function
aa applicant* s braces, and the fact that they are connected
to frame C a sliort distance from the axle would net. interfere
with the rooking action of the frame. It rill aloe be noted
that in Uillard of record the fruioe 0 i3 rigidly secured to
the rear axle and pivotally scoured to the front axle, and the
braces R oorreepond to applicant* a braoap .75 and have the
ceme function. Patent. t.o^faBon, 375.B26 , Jan. 3, 1888, 01. 21-
106, and also Marks, 158,956, Jan. 19, 1875, same class, show
that it is old to extend a bracket from. the rear axle to
the body above the front axle or spring. Tt In believed
that all the olains are substantially anticipated by
Uillard especially in view of Mason and Marks, cited.
Exr. Dlv. X.
[PHOTOCOPY]
[PHOTOCOPY]
. ru*- *-+■.
lit
H.\ ©sslk-vnrr*
[PHOTOCOPY]
)M/i. .
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 833
Serial #:
Recording and Reproducing Combined Aural and Optical
Impressions
687967
Primary Applicant: Higham, Daniel
Date Executed: 4/1/1912
Applicant.
Address.
J.' j (och^ .. r? } ^ S<1£.
J C-tnviJn^^A^ CU^^ecXj^i
Filed :
JuaaJ
Examiner’s Room No.
itent No. ^^^^ssGTd .
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^ 27 _ _
FJRAN K_L. — BYER , 1 ^
petition
®o tlje Commissioner of patents:
gour petitioner dahiet, iiiohah,
a citijen of tlje Uniteb States, residing anb ijabing a $oSt Office abbress at
#43 East 27th Street, How York, County of How York unci State of
How York
praps tfjat letters patent map be granteb to Ijim for tlje implements in
t, 1_J~. &aaa**JL
_ HggflOPS OF c SYilC ;glOIk')U JfrY RECOItDIIIC AH 13 ItEMtOHSC IHG ^OPTICAL •
Set fortlj in tfje annexeb specification ; anb be fjerebp appoints Jfranft TL. ©per
(Registration Mo. 560), of Orange, i5eto ferSep, ijis attornep, toitfj full
potocr of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tljis application, to ntafee
alterations anb amenbments therein, to receibe tlje patent, anb to transact all
business in tlje patent Office connected tfjerebjitf).
SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL WHOM IT 'JAY CONCERN :
BE IT KNOWN, that I, DANIEL HIGH AM, a citizen
of tho United States ana a resident of Hev; York, in
the County of Hew York and State of Hew York hove made
certain nev; und useful improvements in KBSSG-DU OF BYH-
■cT«™ -it rtc<.x.<,.£ “z 3 A>
OnnOIlOUSiiY recording aiid bepeoduciug optical impressions
AND "SOUNDS .‘.SSOGIATED TIIEEE.VI'&H', of which tho following iB
a description:
My invention relates to methods of synchronously
recording and reproducing optical impressions and sounds
associated therewith, and is particularly applicable to
tho so-called "talking pictures", in which a series of
moving picturos are exhibited upon a screen or otherwise,
this visual rocord being accompanied by the record of tho
sounds appropriate thereto, delivered in oxact synchronism,
each sound with the picture or pictures to which it be¬
longs .
In making sound records for "talking picturos",
the location of the source of sound close to tho horn or
receiver of the recording instrument, as is common in
making ordinary sound records, is usually impracticable,
portly because in most of the views to bo depicted, tho
Bounds emanate from various more or less separated points
and also because it is ordinarily desirablo to exclude
the phonograph from the scene exhibited by the picturos.
Furthermore, when the source of sound is located in close
proximity to the horn of tho recording instrument, there
are certain disturbing influences which affect the re¬
cording operations, by reason of which influences tho
1
I quality of the recorded sounds iG so affected as not to he
jj truly representative of the original sounds. One of
J those influences is due to the fact that the amplitude of
| the recorded vibrations is so large that the resistance
| to the entrance of the cutting edge of the recording stylus
| into the material of the record blank increases very rapidly
ii from the beginning to the end of tho cut; or, in other
ji words, the energy required to force the cutting edge into
I the material for the first nuarter, for example, of the
li cut is very much leas than that required to force tho
I cutting edge into the material for the final quarter of
l tho cut. Consequently, sounds which are relatively weak,
1 are more perfectly recorded than very loud sounds, because
; with the former, the amplitude of vibration of tin recording
! stylus will more neai'ly coincido with that of the sound
;; waves. Another of these disturbing influences is. duo to
jj the inertia and momentum of the diaphragm and recording
j| devices carried by or connected 7/ith the same. As a
I result, when the diaphragm is subjected to vibration of
| considerable amplitude, the momentum of tho parts eausios
•I the recording stylus to subsequently out to a disproportion-
il ...... . _
atoly great -For' those; reasons, I find that the
j| ouality of the recorded sounds is in inverse ratio to the
that when the attempt is mode to
a, record of groat amplitude, the
louder notes are generally of poor quality, and arc out
of proportion to the notes or sounds of loss amplitude.
The principal object of my invention is to
provide a method whereby the above named objections are
eliminated. In accordance with this object, I place the
phonograph or recording instrument at such a distance from
the soureo of sound that the sound record obtained is
I formed of vibrations of- small amplitude), tlio phonograph
or recording instrument being preferably without the
range of the photographic camera employed for making a
| record of the optical impressions. The camera having been
S properly focused on the source of the optical impressions ,
| I simultaneously photograph the latter and record the
| sounds associated with the same. The sound record ob-
|| tained in this way, although of superior nuality duo to
I the small amplitude of the vibrations thereon, is too weak
jj when fl'ep^u^’TirTctly^%T^^1^^7p^duein^ ‘^'y
f realistic effects in combination with the pieturos assooiat-j
'! A /%/'f !
| od therewith. I accordingly obtain from the master rooord
I thus made, an amplified copy thereof, preferably by an
I apparatus by which the record is mechanically transferred
| and amplified. A poaitive having been made from the
| photographic film or other element affected by tlio light in
I taking the original photograph, the said pooitivo and the
j! amplified duplicate record when synchronously reproduced
i! give a faithful, pleasing, and realistic reproduction of
jj the original optical improcsions and the sounds associated
therewith.
| In order that my invention may be better
j understood, attention is directed to the accompanying
| drawings forming a part of this specification and in which -
j! Pig. 1 is a diagrammatic side view showing the
preferred relative positions of a source of optical im-
| press ions and sounds, a photographic camera, and a rocord-
| ing instrument ;
jj Pig. 2 is a view partly in cross sootion and
ij partly in elevation illustrating my proferrod embodiment
ji of mechanical amplifying and duplicating apparatus;
3
,j| Figs. 3 and 4 arc diagrammatic views showing
j the relative positions of the rocoi-ding stylus and the j
I record for two different depths of cut of the stylus, one
!| twice the other, those views serving to illustrate the
j rapid inoreauc of the cross section of the material to he
. ij removed hy the stylus during the latter part of the ciitting
I, operation; and
j;. Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating graphically
|| the area of material removed hy the stylus for oach of
ji tho four quarters of two cuts, one twice as doop as the
other.
|
J
Referring to Rig. 1, tho numeral 1 designates a
suitable source of sounds and optical impressions, such as
a person dancing and singing, the numeral £5 a photographic
camora, and tho numeral 3 a uni table recording instrument ,
such as a phonograph of common construction having a
rotatable support for a record 4 and a stylus movable trans-
vorsely thereof, as is common in the phonographic art.
1'he dotted lines in Pig. 1 define the limits of the range
of tho camera 2, tho object 1 being located within the
range and field of the camera and at tho propor focal dis¬
tance from tho lattor. Tho recording phonograph is
located a considerable distance from tho object 1 and with¬
out tho range of the camera £ so that it will bo excluded
from tho picture taken hy the camera. Tho performer, or
source of the sounds and optical impressions, and the
recording machines having been arranged in proper rolauivo
positions, the machines are started in operation at the
proper time and the combined optical and sound records
simultaneously made.
The optical record and tho master sound record
having been thus made, I now obtain an amplified copy of
4
Ij the master sound record, proforably hy apparatus hy which
|| the record 1b mechanically transferred ana umplifiod.
II A suitable apparatus for the purposo iB indicated in
j Pig. 2, in which master 4 is carried on the mandrel 5, and -
Jj tho blank 0. is carried on tho mandrel 7.. Those mandrels
!| aro rotated simultaneously by any suitublo gearing at a
jj low speed, so that the surface speed of tho raautor is
jj sufficiently low to prevent any disturbing influence duo
3 to momentum or inertia of the moving parts. In this
I apparatus, tho numeral 0 designates a support on which a
|j member £ is pivoted for movement substantially at right
jj angles to the axes of the mandrels £ and 7.. This member
ij 9 carries at ito forward end two alined pivots 10 and 11
ij Bupporting a weight 12 and permitting the latter to movo
|| m a direction suhotantiolly parallel to tho axes of tho
mandrels 5 and 7. A lover 13 is pivoted to tho weight 12
j for movemont towards and away from the record 4 und the
9 blank 6. The numeral 14 indicates a manually movable
jj lever by which the weight i2 may he lifted or hy which it
may he supported when thoro is no record on tho mandrel 5,
| the d ownwar d movomont of the said lever 14 being limitod
l|
| by a suitable stop 15. The lover 13 darrioB at its lower
jj portion a stylui7proferahly of sapphire adapted to track
| the record grooves formed in the master 4, and is formed
with an elongated portion 17 carrying at its outer end a
recording or cutting stylus 10 adapted to operate upon the
blank (j. The styluses 16. and 10 are so arranged with
respect to the pivot of the lever 13 as to give tho dosired
amplification. In practice I find that with my preferred
arrangement of recording apparatus, the maximum depth of
cut obtained on my master record is about . 0004" ; so that
by employing an amplification of two to ono, I obtain on
tho duplicate rocord a maximum depth of cut of about
.0000”, a very satisfactory depth for sound reproduction.
rves to
i A tone ion spring 15. connected to the lover 13 eci
I withdraw the stylus 18 from the blank G when the Weight j
12 is lifted by the levor 14- roaBcm o1' *he Pivo1:al .
mounting of the weight 12 hereinbefore described, the
Jj styluses are permitted to remain in firm engagement with
j the master record and blank regardless of any eooontrioitioL
I or other irregularities in the same and the stylus 16 is
j permitted to follow the lateral or other irregularities
;! m the record groove in the master 4. It is obvious that
I; tho relative axial movomont between the styluses and tno
|| record und blank may be obtained either by the axial j
j movement of the mandrels D and 7, together w^th Jhe j
| record and blank supported thereby, or by,«SW the
| parts ft and 14 en-^rnvoling'carriago movable axially |
j of the mandrels 6 and 7. I prefer, however, to have tho |
j part ft stationary and to secure the necessary feeding . j
! movement by an axial movomont of tho mandrels and the
record and blank supported thereby. Mechanisms suitable
for producing the said feeding movement are well known
in the phonographic art.
In operating the duplicating apparatus described
| above, the weight 12 is first lifted by means of the levor
14 to permit the record 4 to bo placed on the mandrel b.
' Affer the said record is in position, tho weight 12 is
lowered sufficiently to permit tho blank 6 to bo placed in
position on the mandrel 7, after which the lever 14 is
| released to permit tho weight 12 to move the styluses 16
and 18 into firm engagement with the record 4 and the
blank 6 respectively. When now the motive means for the
duplicating apparatus is set into operation to rotate the
mandrels ft and 7 and to produce the proper feeding movement
between the styluses 16 and. 18 and the master record and
6
blank, the blank will bo provided with a record therein
which will correspond with that on the master, oxcopt that
it will be amplified. Tho photographic film or other
light affected clement containing a record of the econo
photographed having boon developed and a pooitivo made
therefrom, a faithful and realistic reproduction of the
original optical impression and the sounds associated
therewith may. bo made from the said positive and the ampli¬
fied sound record by suitable synchronising mechanism, such
VwW ' S' . I
as that disclosed in ■
I Figures ij , 4 and 0 servo to explain the causes
jj for the reduction of the amplitude of the sound waves with
| tlio recording apparatus arranged in accordance with my
jl invention and also thq causes for the improved quality of
' ij sound record resulting from uaid arrangement. Referring
1 to Figures 3 and 4, the immoral 20 designates a circle
I representing the contour of the outting edge of the re-
|" cording stylus, and the numeral 21 designates in cross
| seotion the portion of the record or blank operated upon.
Tho former of these figures shows a dopth of cut ono-hulf
of that shown in the lattor, this ratio of the depth of
the cuts being tho same as the preferred ratio between tho
depths of tho cuts in my mastor und amplified duplicate
records respectively. An inspection of the areas between
the dotted lines and the lower portions of the circles 20
in these figures will show roughly that tho amount of
material to bo removed by the recording stylus, and tho
resistance to the cutting of the said stylus increases
j rapidly with the depth of cut. This rapid increase is
|| more clearly shown in Fig. 5. In this figure, I have
I" plotted the cross sectional areas of the material removed
by the recording otylua for each quarter of each of two
■I
cute, one twice as deep no the other. In making the
I computations for this figure, the maximum depths for the
two cuts were taken as .0004" and .0000" respectively , these
being approximately tho maximum depths respectively for
! the master record and amplified duplicate record preferably
obtained by me in practicing my invention. The diameter
of tho cutting edge of the recording stylus was taken as
ji .050", a diameter which is common in practice. Referring
!j to Figure 5, tho line 23, 24, represents the cross section-
| al area of tho material removed during the first quarter
of tho larger of the two outs in question, or approximately
i the resistance of the stylus in making the said cut; to
tho same scale, tho line 25, 26 represents the area removed
or the resistance to the cutting during tho second quarter
of tho said cut, the line 27,28, the area and resistance
during the third ouarter, and the line 29,30, tho area and
resistance during the fourth quarter. The rate of in¬
crease of resistance to the cutting effect of the stylus
is graphically represented by the curved line 22,23,25,27,
29. From this diagram, it will be evident that as tho
stylus cuts into the material, the resistance oncountcred
thereby increases very rapidly and becomes very pronounced
as the stylus reaches tho maximum depth, the distortion
;j of the sound waves therefore increasing rapidly with their
;| increase in amplitude. It is also evident from this
diagram that if the intensity of the sound waves be diminish-
i od, tho amplitude of tho record vibrations will likewise
diminish; so that, if the recording instrument be located
a considerable distance from the source of sound and
optical impressions, as in my invention, the intensity of
tho sound waves will not be sufficient to record vibrations
of the same amplitude as would be produced if the source
of. sound wore located close to the recording instrument ,
8
the location employed in ordinary sound recording. The
curve 22, 31, 32, 33, 34 .which is plotted to the same
scale and in the same manner as the curve 22, 23, 20, 27,
29 represents a maximum cut of tho lesser of the two depths
referred to above. Prom a comparison of the two curves
plotted in I'igure 0, it will bo again seen not only that
■ the amount of material to be removed is much les3 for the
| shallower cut than for tho deeper cut, but also that tho
ij resistance to the cutting of tho stylus as tho latter enters
ji the record material is moro nearly uniform for the former
ij than for the latter cut. It is accordingly evident that •
jj although tho sound record obtained when tho sound recording
1 instrument is located a considerable distance from tho
jl soux’ce of sounds, as is done in accordance with my inven-
'! tion. Id weaker than that obtained when the recording in-
:i Btrument is in close proximity to tho source of sound,
li
!| the record obtained is of improved ouallty; so that , when
|j the said record is amplified as described above, a sound
!j record of desired intensity and exceeding purity and
I
j| faithfulness is obtained. My invention, therefore,
I , presents a practical method of excluding the phonograph
j| or other recording instrument from the field of tho camera
ij and at the same time obtaining a faithful reproduction of
jl excellent onallty^ ^
While theA^du|vid‘^nt r forraed-from- the ' blank <3 might
be used directly in tho reproduction of the original
sound record, I prefer to make duplicates thereof by any
of tho wellknown processes known in the phonographic art.
It is obvious that many other changes may be made in the
• exact particulars of the method descrihod without departing
from the spirit of my invention.
What I claim ua new and dosire to protect by
/
Letters Patent of the United states is as follows;
1. method of synchronously recording optical
impresoions sounds associated therewith which consists
in photographing the source of the optical>prossions and
in simultaneously recording the soamds associated with
said impression a phonograph .looatexa at a relatively
>i the source of said sounds, in obtaining
great distanqo fror^
from the phonograph \
increased amplitude
cord a -duplicate sound record of
git ili sing tho light-affected
Lnf,v/°BltiVe’ Wher0l)y Saia
3o(md/Jreoord. are adapted when
accurately reproduce the
and the sounds associated
Bet
2. The method of synchronously recording optical
impressions and sounds associa\ed therewith which consists
in photographing the source of ke optical impressions and
in simultaneously recording the Vnds associated with
said impressions on &-phon o at a relatively
great distance from, the source of skd sounds, in obtaining
//omlhf^ptoW^’reeord by amplifying mechanical trans-
foroneo a duplto^ sound record of i^reased amplitud
for making a positive, whereby said pos:
oun d^re cord aro adapted when s
and in utilising the light-affeoted pho\oEra,hio element
and said
lehronously
reproduced, to faithfully reproduce the origWl optical
impressions and the sounds associated therewith, substantiaj..
ly as set forth.
;s. The method of synchronously recording optical
impressions and sounds associated therewith which consists '
in photographing the source of the optical impressions and |
10
!j in simultaneously recording the sounds associated with said
!; • 9P-3//B
I improsalona 'en n phonograph located without the range. of
|| tho photographic camera/ iln 'obtaining from the" phonograph _
■0-3/3 A A
ii record a duplicate sound record of increased amplitude,
ii and in utilizing the light-affccted photographic element
| for making a positive, whereby said positive and said
duplloat-e sound record are adapted when synchronously
reproduced to faithfully reproduce the original optical
| impressions and the sounds associated therewith, substan¬
tially as sot forth.
ij 4. The method of synchronously rocording optical
l|
| impressions and sounds associated therewith which consists
|j in photographing the source of the optical impressions and
|| in simultaneously recording the sounds associated with
i! /A 3/ =5
II said iiufTOnaimn on Innntw! Without tllO TUngC
1 ut . , . . . , ***.+.* « 'A,
Ij of tho photofjraphic camera/ in obtair.ing Trom the phono-
ij graph record by amplifying mechanical transference a
duplicate- sound rocoi'd of increased amplitude, and in
utilizing the light-affected photographic element for
i making a positive, whereby said positive and said flupll..
* ■'/
euie- sound record arc adapted when synchronously repro¬
duced to faithfully reproduce the original optical im¬
pressions and tho sounds associated therewith, substantial-
I ly ns sot forth.
5. The method of synchronously reproducing optical
impressions and sounds associated therewith which consists
in photographing the source of the ‘optical impressions and
in simultaneously recording the pounds associated with
said impressions [on- e phonograph located) ut a relatively
groat distance- from the source of said sounds, in-obtain-
ing from the -phonograph record a dupfierto record of in¬
creased amplitude, in utilizing the 1 ight -affected photo-
11
graphic element for jsakixtg a positive, and finally in i
aynchronoualy^reproducing aoid positive and said d«^4eate-
record,- substantially as set forth.
6. The method of synchronously reproducing optical
impressions and sounds associated therewith which consists
in photographing the source of -the optical impressions and
in simultaneously recording the sounds associated with
! said impressions /on a . phonograph -1-ooalred at a relatively
jj groat distance from the source of said sounds, in obtaining
ij from the phonograph record by amplifying mechanical trans-
— a /
i duplicate- record of increased amplitude
in
ferenc
utilising the light-affected photographic element for
making a’positl
, and finally in synchronously reproducing
tX-nc-A *'/*-*// 3
said positive and said duplicate record , substantially as
The method of synchronously reproducing optical
impressions nnd sounds associated therewith which consists
in photographing the source of the optical impressions and
in simultaneously recording the sounds associated with said
improsaionB on- a phonograph -lecatcd’ without the range of ^
the photographic curaerl^ "^obtaining from thejffonograpto.
record a duulioo-te record of increased amplitude, in
A
utilising the light-affected photographic element for
making a posit:
, and finally in synohronously reproducing
7A i//a
said positive and said duplicate- record , substantially sb
set forth.
Jj,. The method of synchronously reproducing optical
impressions and soundB associated therewith which consists
in photographing the source of the optical impressions and
in simultaneously recording tho sounds associated vnth
said impressions (on n phnT'ngrpph-lncatud-without the range
■;uL etf ^-.ac-C^l-v-eXy fluent ootu,e£. -a/ ^U. a^.^Cs.
of the photographic asmore, in obtaining from the phene-
•grttpir/record' by amplifying mechanical transference a
*'‘r ^ 1‘ ACrj-Lr*^. ?'•* *//3
-duplicate record of increased amplitude, in utilizing the
light-uffected photographic element for making a positive ,
•and finally in oynchronously reproducing said positive and
said -dup'l-j.otite record , substantially as sot forth.
tEijfe specification signet) anb toitneSSeb this bap of 191 ^
MlitneSSetlj: "
... ..^il^eSiH/Cuubu
2.
©atb.
g>tate of J2etu fersep
Coutitp of €sscx j
daiiiel Hiciut: , tije abobe tiaineb
petitioner, being buljj Sbiorn, beposes anb saps t1jnt ije is a citijen of tije ISIniteb
states, anb a resibent Of Uov/ Yorl: , County of Hen York iincl Stake of
II ev/ York,
tijat Ije berilg beliebes biinseif to be tlje original, first anb Sole inbentor of tije
improbements in methods op oyiichroiiouuly hkoordiiig aiid bkkioduciiig
OPTICAL II.5DRESSIOII8 A1ID SOUIIDS jOjoOCIaiLj. aIILREWITH ,
beScribeb anb tlainteb in tfjc annexeb specification ; tljat be boes not knob) anb
boes not beliebe tljat tije Same teas ebcr fenobm or useb before bis Mention or
biscoberp thereof ; or patenteb or beScribeb in nnp printeb publication in tfjc
IHniteb states of America or anp foreign countrp before bis inbention or
biscoberp thereof, or more than tbjo pears prior to this application; or patenteb
in anp countrp foreign to tije Uniteb states on an application Web more than
ttuelbe months prior to this application; or in public use or on sale in tije
IHniteb states for more than ttoo pears prior to this application; anb tljat no
application for patent upon saib inbention has been fileb bp him or bis legal
rcpreSentatibeS or assigns in anp
g>toorn to anb subscribeb
[Iseal]
i^otarp public.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Daniel lligham,
c/o Prank I>. Byor,
Orange ,
How Jersey.
Please find below a communication
Uethods of SynohronouBly Recording and Rrproduoing Optical Im-
praBoions oto., i'ilod April, 2,
8eri»|£_Jf<587,967.
Tha title in thin onno 1b unduly long and should be ab¬
breviated.
Page 0, linos 13 - IB, the reference to a modified form,
in which tho parts 8 and 14 are mounted on a oarriage, should
be illustrated on the drawing or eraood. Applionnt wil.l be
allowed only to Bhow thin carriage in a oonvsntional way, if
he oan point out ouoh an old structure: and if ho cannot do
thiB, he will not bo nllowod to retain this modification in
the present oaso, as the proBont description is not specif io
enough to support a spooifio struoturo of traveling carriage.
Tho o la 1ms are rejected on o^therof the patents to
Croenbaum, (British), #7,426, of 1909;
(88—16, Syn.); „/
Barker, (British), #8,838, of 1909;
(88—16 Syn.); .
in view of y
Edison, #970,616, Bop. 20, 1910;
Wuloutt , #733,‘o81, July 14, 1903;
(181—16).
Qyeenbaum and parkor eaoh show a combination of maohineB for Bimul-
tanooualy recording pictures and ooundB, and thiB same combination
is adapted to be used to reproduce these pictures and sounds. It
is observed that tho maohinos in those patents are loo ated in
close proximity to each other, and consequently the sound
#687,967-
records aro more or Ians foable, the same an In applicant, b de-
vtoe. Than all that applicant tloea in hio method of prooodure
that ia not followed out in tho patented devices, in to amplify
the more or lass weak iiound' record before reproducing tho same,
(phis is not thought to involve any degree of inventive skill in
view of the expedient shown by lid i non and Waloutt, oitod. Thus
the "method" olaimB treated ao auoh are Been to preBent nothing
patentable over the above art.
yhe olaiina are also rejeoted as being drawn to an impropor
method, since they merely reoito the obvious stops in the oper¬
ation of tho devices above cited, an pointed out in tho pre¬
ceding paragraph.
Then considering tho oubntnnoo of tho olaims, and disre¬
garding tho "method" form in whioh they aro now drawn, they are
thought to oovor on aggregation, and aro accordingly rejected.
That io to city , whatovor invention there ia in the present oaso
is soon to rooido in tho upeoifio amplifying moano pgr .go, and
not in ito inclusion in the old combination of pioture and
sound machines. In fact, no oo-aotion whatever is seen to
exiBt between the amplifying means and the combination above
referred to. TOuitovor improvement is to be derived from tho
amplifying of the Bound reoord 1b hold to relate to the pound
machine alone, and ohould therefore be claimed in Buch manner.
The combination of pioture and oound machines 1b shown to be
old by the above patents} nnd oinoe applicant obtains no new
result by using an amplified reoord instead of the more or less
feeble one, hio invention does not lie in tho substitution of
the amplified reoord in thin old combination but in this record
.^lament alone or tho dovioo for produoing the pome. See In Be
to$dv<siz zoo o, a, 217a, _
Examiner.
/
IN TEE UI1I TED STATED PATENT OFFICE.
I DANIEL HIGHAM,
METHODS OF SYNCHRONOUSLY
RECORDING AND REPRODUCING
OPTICAL IMPRESSIONS AND
SOUNDS ASSOCIATE? THEREWITH.
| Files April 2, 1912,
Sorial No. 687 ,967 •
) Room No. 312.
)
| HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
S I R:
In response to the Office action of
i October 8., 1912, pleaee amend the above entitled case as
I follows:
In the preamble of the specification ,
| change the title of the invention to read as follows:
. RECORDING AND REPRODUCING COMBINED AURAL AND OPTICAL
| IMPRESSIONS - .
In line 13, page 6, change "mounting" to
| - moving - ; and in lino 14, sane page, cancel "on a
I traveling oarria^ movable" .
In line 5, claim 1, oancel "on a phonograph
I located"; in line 7, same claim, change "phonograph" to
- resulting sound -, and cancel "duplicate"; and in lino
10, same claim, change "duplicate" to - amplified -.
In line 5, claim 2, cancel "on a phonograph
j located"; inline 7, same claim, change "phonograph" to
_ resulting sound - ; in line 8, same claim, cancel
J "duplicate"; and in line 11, same claim, change "duplicate
- amplified - •
In line 5, claim 3, cancel "on a phonograph
I located”; in lino 6, same claim, change "phonograph"
to - resulting sound - ; in line 7, same claim, oanoel
"duplicate" ; and in lino 10, same claim, change "duplicate'
to - amplified
In line 5, claim 4, cancel "on a phonograph
located"; in linoa 6 and 7, same claim, change "phonograph'
to - resulting sound - ; in line 8, same claim, cancel
"duplicate"; and in lines 10 and 11, same claim, ohange
"duplicate" to - amplified - .
In line 5, claim 5, oancel "on a phonograph
located"; in line 7, same claim, change "phonograph" to
- resulting sound -, and "duplicate" to - sound - ; and
■in line 10, same claim, ohango "duplicate" to -amplified -*
, In line 5, olaim 6, cancel "on a phonograph
located"; in lino 7, same olaim, ohange "phonograph" to
- resulting sound - ; in line 8, same olaim, ohange
"duplicate" to - sound -; and in line 11, same claim,
ohange "duplioato" to - amplified - .
In line 5, olaim 7, oancel "on a phonograph
looated" ; in line 6, same claim, ohango "phonograph"
to - resulting sound - ; in line 7, same olaim, ohange
"duplicate" to -sound-; and in line 10, same olaim, change
"duplicate" to - amplified--;
In line 5, claim 8, oancel "on a phonograph
located"; in lines 6 and 7 , same claims, change "phonograph"
to - resulting sound - ; in line 8, same claim, change
"duplicate" to - sound - ; and in line 11, same claim,
ohange "duplicate" to - amplified - .
REMARKS
The specification as now presented is thought
to he free from the objections raised by the :Examiner in the
first and second paragraphs of the last Office action.
2
She claims in this oase are thought to he j
drawn to a proper method, the more fact that the method is
■best carried on hy means of apparatus suoh as that disclosec
being immaterial. It is well settled that a process or
j method though of a mechanical nature and best illustrated .
| by mechanism may. if new and useful, be the proper subject
of a patent. Weston, 94 O.G. 1786; 1901 C.D. 290.
John R. Williams Co. et al- v. Hiller, et al Kfg. Co.
107 F. 290 (H.T.); 97 O.G. 2308; 1901 C.D. 517.
In Lawthor vs. Hamilton, 124 U.S., 1, 6, the |
{j patent related to the extraction of oil from oleagenous
seeds. notwithstanding the fact that the invention claimei
j was performed by the aid of machinery, the Supreme Court
I held that the same constituted a patentable process-
Iln view of the foregoing, it is thought that
applicant's olaims are properly drawn to cover a method.
This being the case, the last two paragraphs of the last
Office action have no bearing on the invention as claimed.
In regard to the rejection of the claims, one
of the steps of applicant's method to-wit: obtaining^
j gpund record of incre^ amplitude, is not disclosed in
the patents to Greenbaum and Barter. Citing other patents
! which may employ the omitted step, does not cure the
j defect, for the simple reason that the absence of one step
essential to applicant's process or method cannot exist
S and the method remain- Any process or mot^.d which does
Lot include each step, and each step in its essential order
is a different process. In vol. 1, page 253 of Robinson
on Detents , Mr. Robinson says:
"An art, like every other invention, is a unit.
hfar-Tat^^
Cuts which introduces a different idea of moans con-
statutes a different art, and. if hithertounhnown.a new
1 invention, i Thus,, the addition to an existing art of
single steii by which its essential character is ohanged,
i single ““f w . . . mhiQh waB a neoesBary element
f
in the art aa previously practiced, or even a material
alteration in the order of the acts performed, is
sufficient to destroy its unity, and produce another art
which is entitled to the same protection as tho old."
j; The patents to Groenbaum and Barker relate
I principally to apparatus, and it is well established that
I to anticipate method or process claims, it is necessary to
show not only that the prior apparatus might have been
j used in carrying out the method or process claimed, but that
I such use was contemplated or that it would have occurod
j to an ordinary meohanio. (See Carnegie Steel Company Ltd.
j vs. Cambria Iron Co. 22 Supreme Court 698; 185 U.b. 403;
46 L. Ed. 968; 99 O.G. 1866; 1902 C.D. 592, and Burdon
Wire & Supply Co. vs. Williams. Unitod Wire & Supply
Company vs. Same, 128 F. 927.) Certainly these patents
j do not describe a use of the apparatus to perform the
I method herein claimed, and it is submitted that the said
method would not occur to an ordinary mechanic ^even though
skilled in tho art, merely upon the inspection of the said
patents. 2he patonts to Edison and Waloutt are apparent-
I ly oited merely for the purpose of disclosing the amplifi¬
cation of a sound record.
An improved result iB obtained by applicant's
process; and as the art cited does not disclose the said
process, reconsideration and allowance are respectfully
I requested.
Respectfully submitted,
- DA1IIEL JIIGHAM ,
I By d'/'Z/L'- t/f ■ jOct.C'i-.f
his attorney.
Orange, Bow Jersey,
September fc?. 1913.
FB-XGK
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . pat.-24,-1913*-
.
. Orange, .
. Row-jersey.
Please fin* below a comma, Ucation from the EXAMINER in charge o ftlm application of
Caoe reconsidered as amended Bep. 24, 1915) •
The olair.is ure rejected on the reforeroes and’ for the
reaaona of reoord.
Xt lu pointed out that in Clreenbaum and. -narlrer, of record,
the reoordini; phonograph In shown ao being located without the
range of tho onmora. as called for in claims 4, 7, and 8. Thie
to moreover, held to be a very obviouo arrangement of the. two
apparatus.
Tho point is again emphasised that the novelty in thie o as
if any, must reside in the sound rooord amplifying feature
per se. which is properly examinable in the claee of Acoustics
in Division 23.
J. R. U.
IH THE UNITED
STATES PATENT OFFICE.
DANIEL HI SHAM, )
RECORDING AND REPRODUCING )
COMBINED AURAL AND OPTICAL
IMPRESSIONS, )
312
Filea April 2, 1912, )
Serial No. 687,957. )
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Offioe aotion of
Ootoher 24, 1913, please amend the above entitled case as
follows :
In line 22, page 2, change " depth" to
-'amplitude -, and in line 25, same page, cancel "deep
record, or a".
In line 10, page 3, after "directly" insert
_*-by ordinary or non-amplifying reproducing apparatus -,
ana in line 12, same page, after the period (.) insert the
following: - the use of amplifying reproducing apparat-
us, such for instance as shown in my United, States.patent
No. 1,036,235, the sound record thus made may be reproduced
with sufficient loudness, but I have found that amplifica¬
tion of sound is not all that is required for realistic
effects in talking pictures* By using the sound record
made as described above as a master record and making
therefrom an amplified sound record, as by mechanical tranG.
ferring means, I have discovered that the amplified record
thus obtained gives a decided improvement in realistic
effects by reason of the naturalness and trueness of the
sound reproduction. Shis effect is not obtained by mere
amplification by amplifying reproducing apparatus such as
shown, for example, in my patent referred to above - .
In the 8th line from the bottom of page 9
ohange "duplicate formed from" to - amplified record upon -
In line 6, olaim 5, after "camera" insert -| and~
. at a relatively great distance from the souroe of said
sounds - .
In line 6, olaim 4, after "camera" insert
_ and at a relatively great distance from the source of
said sounds - •
In line 6, claim 7, after "camera" insert
_ and at a relatively great distance from the source
of said BoundB - .
. In line 6, claim 8, after "camera" insert
- and at a relatively great distance from the source of
said sounds - .
B E M A B K S
It iB thought that the olaiins as now drawn cover
a patentable method. That the claims are properly drawn
to a method will, it is thought, he obvious by consideration
of the following quotation from Walker on Patents, 4th Ed.
page 3:
"The generic definition of process is
'an operation performed by rule to produce: a result’.
Operations performed by rule may be classified as:
1, operations whioh consist partly or wholly in the
employment of heat, light, electricity, magnetism,
ohemistry, pneumatics, hydraulics, or some other
non-meohanioal science; *
3, operations which consist entirely of mechanical
transactions* but whioh may be performed by hand or bj
any of several different mechanisms or maohines.
It is settled that all processes which belong to the
first olass are subjects of patents; * *
It was formerly debatable whether processes -which
belong to the third class aro subjects of patents
or not* but reason iB now known to answer that
question in the affirmative. A negative answer
would deny patentability to the art of weaving,
if the art of weaving were new; and any such denial
would undeniably oontx-avene both the lotter and the
spirit cf the patent law."
In view of the above, applicant oannot possibly
understand why the invention disclosed is not a patentable
Ithod. The transactions set forth in the claims are
rformed by rule to produce a single new result, to-wit -
e faithful and realistic recording and reproducing of
mbined aural and optical impressions. These transaction,
•e not limited to the peculiar functions of any particular
.chines, but may be performed by different means and in
Lfferent ways. The step, for example, which consists
. .■Mining a snund record of Increased amplitude may be
erformed by the mechanical transferring apparatus disclosed ,
r it may be performed in other ways, though the mechanical
ransf erring means disclosed are preferable. If the
xaminer desires to adhere to his position originally taken
hat the claims are drawn to an improper method, he is re¬
sentfully requested to explain his position more fully. in
riew of the above remarks.
Considering the references cited by the Examiner,
3one of these references disclose applicant’s improved
process. The patents to Greenbaum and Barker do not dis¬
close the step of obtaining a sound record of increased
amplitude by amplifying mechanical transference or in any
other way. The patents to Edison and Waloutt do not relate
to talking pictures and offer no suggestion of applicant’s
process. As to the patents to Greenbaum and Barker, the
Examiner is, of course, aware of the fact that a method
or process is like a combination in apparatus claims in that
it is a unit and that any material variation in the number
or character of its elements destroys or changes the process.
The employment of the step of obtaining an amplified sound
record for reproduction, which is not- disclosed by Greenbaum
and Barker produoesan entirely different process from that
disclosed by the said patentees, the process thus obtained
being of a very improved character in the giving of realiBtij
- 3
effects in reproduction. It is thought that the Examiner
does not fully appreciate the improved results obtained by
the applicant. Applicant's object was not morely to obtai a
loudness of reproduction. I he object was primarily to
produce realistic effects in talking pictures, and this
effect may bo spoiled by excessive lqudness. It is faith- _
fulness of reproduction and the proper differences in eharar
ter or tone by which our oars judge of the distance of souni
and partly also of the movements of the performers in the
pioturee that applicant deBired to obtain and has obtained
by this invention. It was not obvious to the applicant
prior to this invention, how the desired improved results
tending towards realism in the talking pictures oould be
obtained. Applicant, who has been working almost exolusiv
ly on talking pictures for a considerable number of years,
conducted numerous experiments running over a long period
before he discovered the method claimed and advantages
obtained thereby. He then found, amongst other things,
that very improvod results in realistio effects, whioh could
not be obtained by the amplifying reproducing apparatus
shown in his patent referred to above, were obtained by
the amplification of the record, ns by amplifying mechanical
transference. Applicant's method iB thought to be the firB'
by which practical realistio talking plotures have been
obtained, and as this method is not disclosed nor suggested
by the prior art, it is thought that the claims should he
allowed.
Reconsideration and allowanoe are accordingly
I respectfully requested.
Hespeotfully submitted,
L ARIEL HIGHAM,
Bv . ‘£.
Orange, Hew Jersey, his Attorney.
I Ootober h 1914.
DEPARTMENT Of* THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES/ PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . got.
. *rank..X... JOyer,.:
m the EXAMINER in charge of the applica\
Please find helou> a commum
. JtonlaX..Hlghamr..flleA..Aprll-:-2t...1912.r~Mathode-.pf-..Bynolueonousl.y~..
. ^9O.ot.41n(5..m4..Hep.TOAU0Jtng..-Qp.ti.0fll..TinprABBifinB...Q.tQ^ .
#687,967.
Commiuhnt^of Patents. _
Case reoonsidered as amended Oot. 7, 1914.
^he ground taken by tha examiner that the claims do not state
a proper method ia receded from; hut the other grounds of rejec¬
tion are believed to he sound and are adhered to. The olaime
^re again rejected.
fhe following publication will show that the desirability Of
amplifying the sound upon being reproduced haB been felt, and
that an endeavor haB been made to aooomplleh this end: ' ^
■The Hiokelodeon", Tab. IB, 1911, Vol. V. So. 7 pages 189-
190. (A copy of which is to be found in this office). The mi-
orophone and horn that are generally used amplify the oounds to
a certain degree} and th<w it' iB held th*t applicant's invention
does not consist in the synchronizing combination but in the am¬
plification of sound record,® per-ae, rtiloh feature belongs to the.
Glass of "Acoustics" examinable in another division of this
JEH.
••
Bxaminer.
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Daniel Highara
RECORDING AND REPRODUCING COMBINED
AURAL AND OPTICAL IMPRESSIONS
Room No. 312.
Filed April 2, 1912
Serial No. 687,967
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR;
The Office action of October 29, 1914
haa been carefully considered.
Referring to the contention of the Examiner that
"The microphone and horn that are generally used amplify
the sounds to a certain degree; and thuB it is held that
applicant's invention does not oonaist in the synchronizing
combination but in the amplification of Bound records per
se", the ordinary use of miorophones and horns to amplify
sound does not correspond in any way with the step in ap¬
plicant's prooess of obtaining a sound record of increased
amplitude as by the ubs of amplifying meohanioal transfer¬
ence. In talking pictures the microphone or horn has ap¬
parently been used only as a part of the final step of syn¬
chronously reproducing the positive and the amplified record.
In applicant's prooeBS thisiis a step entirely distinct from
the step of obtaining an amplified sound record. What
applicant has really done is to introduce a new step in
the prooess of producing talking pictures, this new step
producing essentially a new result.
j| Furthermore, applicant haa tried many forma of
Imiorophonea under various oonditiona in oonneotion with the
production of talking pioturea, and he haa aeen many experl-
! menta oonduoted hy Mr. Edison for the aame purpose} yet
in not one of these oases did the sound have a suitable
quality of tone to produce the neoosaary illusion that
| the sound emanated from the objects in motion. In other
; words, the sound produoed was not of such quality as one
j would expeot to come from the images seen. Applicant has
discovered that hy the production of an amplified record in
the manner described and claimed, the proper quality xforomncd
oan be given to the aural portion of the talking pioture
production. In this oonneotion, the Examiner’s attention
is again dirooted to Figures 3, 4 and 5 of the drawings and
pages 7, 8 and 9 of the spooifioation.
The mere faot that there may have been an improve¬
ment in a particular part of the prooess or the addition of
a single new step does not negative patentability in a new
! and complete prooess containing this step aB one of its ele¬
ments. There is no reference of reoord showing anything
which is the substantial equivalent of the prooess set forth
I in the claims , and the Examiner is no doubt well aware of th<
j numerous decisions holding that a prooeBS, like a combina¬
tion, is a unit, and the addition to an existing art of a
single step by whioh its essential character 1b changed or
any other material alteration in the existing art produoes
a new art whioh is entitled to the Bame proteotion as the
old. See Robinson on Eatents, Vol. 1, page 263} Viotor
Talking Maohine Co. vs. American Graphophone Co., 189 F,
369-372.
(2)
The new reference oited by the Examiner, to-wit,
the public ati on in "The nickelodeon", does not disoloao an
anticipation of applicant's invention. In fact, the
whole artiole dearly points out difficulties in the solu¬
tion of the problem undertaken and solved by applicant, but
gives no idea as to how these difficulties oan be overoome.
On page 190 of the said publication, for example, it is
stated as follows :-
"3!ho registering of sounds at a distance waB hard¬
er to accomplish than synchronism. Hitherto the mem¬
branes that formed an essential part of the grapho-
phono had given very unsatisfactory results. The
sound of an orchestra could be recorded at a distance
of several yards, but a voice could not be recorded
unless it oame within a foot and a half of the instru¬
ment. And the apparatus gave forth only fifty per¬
cent of the sound it reoeived."
In another place the said publication states :
I "Owing to the impossibility of registering soundB
at a distanoe, the graphophone had to bo placed be-
I tween the biograph oamora and the subject, and so it
| was impossible to obtain the doBired result."
This difficulty which the publication states made
' it impossible to obtain the dosirod result was entirely over-
i come by applicant and in a way that produced suoh superior
1 resultB that by moans of applicant's invention it was poss¬
ible for the first timo to produce commercial talking pio-
i tures on a large scale. In spite of the fact that the use
; of the amplifying horn and miorophono were well known at
i the date of the publication in question, a desirable repro¬
duction of the sound iB referred to as a real difficulty in
the production of commercial talking pictures. It is
thought that the Examiner will agree that the mere state¬
ment in the publication referred to that Ur. Gaumont has
(3)
some seoret means of overcoming the difficulties referred
to, is not an anticipation of applicant's claims.
It is thought that applicant's claims are patent¬
able, and rooonei aeration and allowance are accordingly
requested.
Respeotfully submitted,
DANIEL BISHAM
By
His Attorney
Orange, N. J.
September // , 1916
EB-JS
Div. ...7- _
1—312
2-2(10
M. Paper N0....B .
%
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON _ jQaJU_gl1_J2A5,
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
i _ _ _
_ ins..nnd-.Jlap.r.flaw7J.aB...Qr;.tical.T.mn;:.«saiono..and..Soundii..Agnooint.ed .
Therewith, Serial. No. 607,907.
CovnniMioncr of Patents, (j
CaBe reconsidered In connection with ooinrunl nation of
Sep. 13, 1915.
It Is repented that the "Nickelodeon" publication wee
oited simply to show that the necessity of amplifying the
sound record had been felt and an effort made to meet this
necessity. Instead of emphasizing only the paragraph quoted
by applicant , attention should also be given to the paragraph
beginning near the foot of column 1 on page 190 of this article,
in which mention 1b made of several meant) by which the amplifica¬
tion of eoundo wan obtained and improved. Then in view of thio
disclosure and the well known means of amplifying the sound rec¬
ord ao shown by the art cited, the adoption of the last named
means to meet the well known demand ia held to be very obvious.
The expediency of amplifying sound records is recognized as being
tho same, whether used alone with moving piotures. The rejection
of the ol aim.fi in therefore repeated.
The rejection on the ground that tne invention resides in
the amplifying mean 3 per se is also repeated, special attention
1
\ being called to the first office letter, last two paragraphs.
s
" w.
!
Examiner.
i ■
<
L
s
IH THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
I Daniel Hifcham
RECORDING AND REPRODUCING COMBINED
AUBAL AND OPTICAL IMPRESSIONS RoQm „„
File a April 2, 1912
Serial Ho 4 687,967
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS ,
SIH : ■
In response to the Office notion of
October 21, 1915, please amend the above entitled case as
follows
page 7, line's" 10 ana 11, ohange "pending applica¬
tion S.H. 461,869, filed November 10, 1908" to - United
States Patent No. 1,054,203, dated February 25, 1913 - .
page 9, liAe~24, after "quality" insert - ana of
producing faithful and realistic talking picture effeots - .
Cano el claims T, 2, 6 ana 6 and renumber claimB
3, 4, 7 and 8 as 1, 2, 3 ana 4 respectively.
REMARKS
In view of the last Office action, this oase has
again been carefully considered. Applicant's invention
does not consist merely in the amplification of sound, but
it consists in a method whereby the production of realistic
effeots in talking pictures; in accomplished. By appli¬
cant's invention, not only was it possible to exclude the
sound recording apparatus from the field of the camera, but
it Was possible to obtain sufficiently true reproduced sounds
to give a good illusion that the reproduced sounds emanate
from the objects in motion.
Furthermore , the amplification of sound referred
to in the last paragraph, column 1, page 190 of the l.'idhol-
odeon is not the equivalent of the step in applicant's /
method of producing an amplified sound record. It relates
more nearly to the- final step in applicant's process of
finally reproducing the positive and record in synchronism,
in that in the latter step use would probably, though not
necessarily, be made of a trumpet, and use might bo made of
the other apparatus described in the said paragraph. Ap¬
plicant's step of amplifying the sound record is entirely
distinct from anything disclosed in the said article. Re¬
ferring to Robinson on Patents. Vol. 1. page BBS. Mr. Rob¬
inson points out that an art or a method is a unit and that
I the "addition to an existing art of a single step by which
its essential character is changed * * *
or even a material alteration in the order of the acts
performed, is sufficient to destroy its unity and to pro¬
duce another art which is entitled to the same protection
as the old". The step of amplifying the sound record is
an addition to the prior methods and it produces in talking
oietures a result which is superior to any obtained before
applicant's invention. Again, admitting that it was old
prior to applicant's invention to amplify sounds in connec¬
tion with talking pictures, no one prior to applicant em¬
ployed this step in the same order as applicant in a method
of producing talking pictures. Ho one made an amplified
sound record in talking pictures prior to the reproduction
of the reoord in synchronism with tho exhibition of the
picture. Applicant has. by the improved method herein de¬
scribed. made a clear advance in the production of realistic
talking picture effects; and the invention is not disclosed
nor, it is submitted, is it suggested. by the prior art. Hor
does the fact that there may be invention in the apparatus
used negative patentability in the method.
Although it is thought that the publication in
the nickelodeon is not in any way an anticipation of appli¬
cant's claims, the invention herein claimed was completed
before tho date of said publication, and an affidavit to
this effect is presented herewith.
>jhe canceled claims are thought to he patentable,
I but they have been canceled with a view to expediting the
allowance of the case inasmuch as the remaining claims ade¬
quately proteot the invention.
Reconsideration and allowance are respectfully
requested.
Respectfully submitted,
DAIIXF.L HIGEA1A
By ’ '< - - 2
(/
His Attorney 1
Orange, H. J.
October !° , 1916
FB-JS
HI THR UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
I Daniel Higham
RECORDING AND REPRODUCING COMBINED
AURAL AND OPTICAL IMPRESSIONS
Filed April 2, 1912
Serial Ho. 687,967
Room No. 312.
AFFIDAVIT OF DANIEL HIGHAM
I State of New Jersey )
County of Essex )
DANIEL HIGHAM, Being first duly sworn, deposes
and says that he is the same Daniel Higham whose application
for Letters Patent for Recording and Reproducing Combined
Aural and optioal Impressions, Serial Ho. 687,967, was filed
in the united States patent Office on or about the 2nd day
|0f April, 1912; that prior to February 18, 1911 he success¬
fully oarried out a mothod of recording and reproducing com-
[bined aural and optical impressions embodying the invention
et forth in the claims of said application; that the fol-
|lowing is an accurate description of said method
A recording phonograph for recording sounds asHOCi-
jated with objects in motion was placed without the range of
photographic camera employed for making a motion picture
|of the objects in motion, the phonogruph being then at such
distance from the objeots in motion that the sound record
obtained was formed with undulations of small amplitude.
Thereupon the moving objects were photographed by the said
oamera and a record of the sounds associated with Baid ob¬
jects was made by the recording phonograph. Prom the phono¬
graph reoord thus obtained, a copy was made in which the
vibrations were of increased amplitude, this, copy being
made from the original reoord by mechanical transferance ,
apparatus such as that shown in Pig. 2 of the drawings of
said application being employed for this purpose. This
apparatus comprised a lever having a tracing stylus ar¬
ranged to follow the grooves in the original record and
a recording stylus arranged to out the amplified Vibrations
into the amplified copy of the said record, the tracing
stylus being nearer the fulcrum of the lever than the cutt¬
ing stylus. A positive was then made from the photographic
film affected by tho light in taking the original photograph
and the said positive and the amplified reoord were repro¬
duced in synchronism, a faithful and realistic reproduction
of the original optical impression and the sounds associated
therewith being thus obtained.
That prior to February 18, 1911, the complete pro¬
cess described above was successfully performed many times
in Ilew fork City, 11. Y. ; that deponent doos not know and
does not believe that tho above described invention has been
in public use or on sale in this country, or patented or
described in any printed publication in this or any loreign
country for more than two years prior to his above named
application; and that he has never abandoned the said in-
Sworn to and subscribed before me !
this /O
lay of October, 1916
< \ titvi itnstv
;.r.v „S"'S JULV, -. 131 1
Dlv. _ -7— Room -
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON _
MPapoi' ITo. -T-Q-- —
tfjdlmmimications rRpectlnz this
late of (illne, title of Invention, and
name of the applicant.
T-iBTBGT*"
Plcase find below a
n the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
. TTariTel''Hts3fi^V^^®^^lfi^ie*_193;S»*l8tllBaff0^35rnoiironotls'1;2r
. .
oiated Therewith, Serial 50.687,967.<^;^ir-J___^__,
o tmmSnl Commissioner of Patents, (f
Caae raoonsldered aB amended Oot* 11* 1916*
The "Hioteloddon" publication is withdrawn as a reference
in tii-i n oase; hut the other grounds of rejection are adhered
to and are hereby made final*
JIBS.
j
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September 22, 1917
Mr. Edlson:-
POLIO 833
I hand you herewith our copy of the application papers
of Daniel Higham, Serial Mo. 687,967, filed April 2, 1912 and
entitled Recording and Reproducing Combined Aural and Optical
Impressions. This case has been finally rejected in the Office
action of Ootober 21, 1916, and the question arises whether we
shall take an appeal or abandon the application.
The invention relates to the method employed in producing
talking pictures by the Kinetophone and all the claims are drawn
to the method. Each of the claims includes the step of obtaining
an amplified record of the original sound record which is to be
used in conjunction with the positive film in' synchronously repro¬
ducing the pictures and sounds associated therewith. We have
contended that this step is novel, but the Examiner has finally
rejected all the claims on the ground that there is no novelty in
the method, claiming that whatever invention there is in the am¬
plification resides in the specific sound amplifying means.
There seems to be but little, if any, novelty in this
case, and in view of the status of the Kinetophone business, you
will probably wish this case abandoned. Under the arrangement
made with Mr. Higham we are entitled only to a license under this
invention. Mr. Higham has stated that he does not care to take
an appeal in this case.
Kindly advise whether or
not you wish an appeal taken.
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 845 Storage Battery
U.S. Patent#: 1167485
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 4/23/1912
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 846 Record Tablet Molds
Serial #: 694658
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 4/30/1912
[PHOTOCOPY]
Petition
tEo tije Commissioner of patents:
gour petitioner tiiomau a. e.'Isoii, v .
a citizen of tije ®niteH States, reSibing anb ijabing a lost ©fftcc abbrcss at
Llewellyn Park, West Orange, Essex County, Hew Jersey,
praps tijat letters patent map be granteb to Ijim for tfje improbements in
- ItECOED TABLET MOLL 3' -
get forty in tije annexeb Specification; anb ije Ijerebp appoints JfranU It. ©per
(Registration &a. 560), of ©range, i?eln 3lerSep, bis attornep, bJiHj full
' poiner of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tljis application, to. make
alterations anb amenbments therein, to receibe tije patent, anb to transact all
business in tije latent ©ffice connecteb tljeretoiHj.
<7*sinwM /7.;
SPEC I FI CAT TON.
TO ALL WHOM IT MAY COHCERIl!
BE IT KHOWH, that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a
citizen of the United States and a resident of Llewellyn
Park, West Orange, in the County of Essex and State of
; sew Jersey, have Invented oertain now and useful improve-
I ments in RECORD TABLET MOLDS, of whioh the following is a
My invention relates to 'sound record
and other tablets, and more particularly to apparatus
for use in molding the same. In its preferred form, my
j invention is particularly designed for use in connection
ij with the molding process set forth and claimed in an
\ application of Jonas 'V. Aylsworth, Serial Ho. 674,289,
! piled January 30, 1912. According to this process, a base
l or backing is provided with a eurfaoe oovering or veneer j
j of suitable moldable material, usually a high grade homo- I
j| geneous material, the process involving the formation of
the surface veneer upon the smooth
j metallic plate or other blank mold and the^tiCnsfer of
!i the Bame to the surface of the objeot to be coated under
j: heat and preeeure with the firm adhesion or welding of the
I surface veneer to the object. *hen the coated article
| is to be provided with a delicate impression, such as a
j sound record impression, the surface veneer should have a
ij smooth homogeneous surface free from imperfections; and
ii the ourfaoe of the platee or moldB should aoooi-dingly be
J
capable of receiving a high polish and smooth finish. j
in order to permit the use of the plates or molds com- !
me ro tally, the surfaces thereof should be capable of being
cleaned without tarnishing and of retaining their lustre
in the air. One of the objects of my invention is to pro¬
vide a mold or transfer plate having the above named
properties.
In its preferred form, tho above mentioned procesi
| consists essentially in coating the surface of a blank
I ffi0ld or polished plats with a film of ingredients, which,
j upon being heated, forms on the mold surface a surface
|; layer or veneer of a hard, infusible, phenolic condense- j
j tion product containing plasticity ingredients, such that j
the veneer becomes suf fioiehly plastic upon being reheated |
| to take an impression. The coating or film should prefers- |
! bly be applied to the mold in a plurality of very thin i
j| layers; so as to facilitate the drying thereof and to
\ ensure against the presence of air bubbles in the same,
j The object to be surfaced is pressed into contact with j
| this hardened veneer in the mold with the application of j
\ heat sufficient to cause the object and the surface layer j
| to become firmly welded together, the molded object then |
! being cooled and removed from the mold with the surface layj
j er or veneer adhering thereto. The coated blank can then bj
ji heated and pressed in a sound record or other mold to re j
| oeivo the desired impression upon the surface thus formed.
\ The material applied to the blank surface may be a solution
j of a fusible, soluble, phenolic condensation product, such
I as the phenol resin described in an application of said
I Jonas W. Aylsworth, Serial Ho. 496,060, filed May 14, 1909,
I together with a hardening agent therefor containing the
3.
methylene radical, euch ae hexa-methylene-tetra-amine, in |
a suitable solvent, such ao amyl-alcohol. Penta-ohloro-
phenol may be uoed as the plasticity ingredient in the
surface composition. An object of my invention is to
provide a mold or transfer plate of such a character that
surface materials such as those mentioned above have no
|| tendency to adhere to the same, the mold or transfer plate j
|| thus permitting the formation on the molded articles of a j j
!| surface having the same finish as the mold surface. The j i
| mold should also not be affected by the substances in which j
jj the surface composition is dissolved or by substances, suohj
j a8 caustic soda, which may be employed for cleaning the
| 0ame. Other objects of my invention will appear more
j fully in the following' specification and appended claims:
| As a result of experiments conducted with tne
j above objects in view, I have found that the desired
I qualities for the purposes specified above arc possessed
j by molds formed of or having a surfaoe portion comprising
| metal -io substances containing nickel. The nickel may
j appear in the mold in varying amounts or in different al- j
I; l0yaj and the said substance may merely be employed for J
| the surface portion of the mold, or the entire mold may be |
S formed of the same. Pure nickel molds give the most sstis-
j factory results,- but the high cost thereof renders the
| same unsuitable for commercial use, a large number of
j molds being necessary for any considerable production,
f The substance which I prefer to employ is hard rolled j
j German silver containing from 18 per cant to SO per cent
of nickel. This substance can be purchased at a reasonably
low cost, so that the molds or platee may be made entirely
of the same without a prohibitive cost. It can be gotten
3.
practically free from flaws and can be readily given a very
high polish. Other alloys of niokel may be used, but the
results obtained therewith are not as satisfactory as with
German silver. Monel metal, for example, which ie an alloy
of oopper and niokel obtained from reducing certain ores,
i| is very hard and satisfactory in most respects; but it
jj cannot be gotten as free from flaws as German silver.
| Hiokel plated brasn may alao bo used; but the nickel ooat-
|! ing is apt to peel off when many times subjected to the
jj |
| necessary pressure for transferring the surface veneer :
l! to the article ooated. Also by the process described in j
!| |
jl my rj. 5. Patent iio. 734,532, niokel may be coated upon, iron:
| or steel by electrolytioally depositing the nickel on the j
jj iron or steel and in then subjecting the niokel-plated iron,
jj or steel to a welding temperature in a non-oxidizing atmos-j
{j phore; but the product obtained in this way cannot bo
| finished to as good a surface as German silver.
The mold surfaoe may be polished in any suitable
way. TOion employing German silver, this composition is
preferably obtained in the form of rolled plates whioh
have a comparatively even surface. The mold surfaoe is
preferably first given a rough polish with emery and is the: i
buffed off with sand and later with lime, the mold surface
j! obtained in this way being as smooth as glass.
iln order that my invention may be better under¬
stood, attention is hereby directed to the accompanying
drawing forming a part of this specification and in whioh
the figure shows a central vertical sectional vi ew illus¬
trating the use of my improved molds or transfer plates
in the molding of a sound record tablet. In the drawing,
4.
1 the numerals 1 and 1' designate two of the molds or trana-
Ifer plates, the numerals 3 and 3' surface veneers formed
on the plates I and 1' , the numeral 3 the baae pr article
to be coated, and the numerals 4 and 4' fillings of surface
composition coated on the base 3 prior to the transfer of
the veneers 3 and 3' thereto to facilitate the adhesion of
| the surface veneers to the base. The numeral & designates
!j the lower member of a euitable press. The plates 1 and 1'
| may be made of a thickness of approximately one-sixteenth
of an inoh or slightly more and are preferably formed with
I their peripheries slightly flanged so as to assist in the
I formation of the periphery of the molded article. ^ M ‘
!j claim as new and desire to protect by betters Patent of
f the United States, is as follows:
|| x
V A record tablet mold having-a'poliehed surface
I the Bur^hco portion of said plate being formed of a
I me tall io ouWbance containing nickel, substantially as
j 3. A record tablet mold having a polished surface
and formed entirely ofKmetaliio substance containing
' niokel, substantially as den^ribed.
3. A reoord tablet moldVvdng a surface portion
containing an alloy of nickel, sub^ntially as described.
j 4. A record tablet mold having a ^plished surface,
j the surface portion of said mold being form^of an alloy
j of nickel, substantially as described.
II 5. A record tablet mold formed entirely of an\
alloy of niokel, substantially as described. \
I
6T\A record tablet mold having a polished surface
and f o rmc d'enttrely of an alloy of nickel, substantially
as described.
?. A record tablet moi^Nmving a surface portion
of German silver, substantially astiencribed.
8. A reoord tablet mold having a poli>H$di surface,
the surface portion of said mold being formed of&rr-ijan
silver, substantially as described. i'/y/,*
v, A record tablet Void forced entirely of German
*/'#'? \ /*
silver. Bubs t ant ial 1 y as described.
S ' i/W/3
■5^ A record table V'molX hiving a poliabad surface
ar.d formed entirely c ^/German e\lv'er, "Substantially as
described. , • , .v
^ -g^vdbuL vV/l?
'l5>^A record tablet mold having a surface portion
of German sllvSr^ontaining at least eighteen per cent
of nickel, substantialT-y^as^deseribed.
A record tablet mold ha^tng^apol ished surface,
the surface portion of said mold being forJted^ofGerman
eilver containing at least eighteen per cent of ru&i ^
substantially as described, 7/'/V/r
3 v
Tpg, a record tablet tnoldAform.6d entirely of
' ° ’jC Tfh-rrT-l^ 5^t i/ty/Sd
silver obntaining\t least eighteen per cent c
Geri
nickel, substantially
3 described.
V4. a record tablet mol d%a v i n
^containing at least
eighteen per cent of nickel, substantially as described.
ig7~ A'reeord tablet mold having a polished surfaoe
the surfaoe portion of Baid
me tall io substanoe free from flaws and oontaining'niok?
m,)\i Specification signet! ant! biitneSSeb bap of 19 1 z
\ffvirUi'V<Z-^d —
u . A
©atb.
g-tate of JJeU) fcrSep )
Countp of (Essex j
TiioiiiAij a. edisoh - tlj e aljobc nmneb
petitioner, being buly stuoin, beposcs anb saps tljat fje is a citizen of tlje fHnitcb
states, anb a resibent Of Llewellyn Ptirlc, V.’oot Ornnco, Emiex County,
How Joroey,
tfjat Ije berily belicbcs fjiniself to be tfje original, first anb sole inbentor of tlje
improbements in eecoed tablet molds
beScribeb anb clainteb in tlje annexeb specification ; tljat fje boes not Unoto anb
boes not beliebe tljat tlje Same boas eber fmobm or useb before Ijis inbention or
biscoberp tljercof; or patenteb or beScribeb in anp printeb publication in tlje
miniteb States of America or anp foreign countrp before Ijis inbention or
biscoberp tijereof, or more tfjan ttoo pears prior to tijis application; or patenteb
in anp countrp foreign to tlje ®nitcb states on an application fileb more tijan
ttoelbe months prior to tijis application; or in public use or on Sale in tlje
ftlniteb States for more tijan ttuo pears prior to tijis application; anb tljat no
application for patent upon saib inbention IjaS been fileb bp Ijitn or Ijis legal
representatibes or assigns in anp foreign countrp.
gibiorn to anb SubScribcb before me tijis tiff** bap of<^^ 191 2
ilotarp public.
[Seal]
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomaa A. Edison,
o/c Drank L. Dyer,
Orange, IT.
• Please, fin.il below a communication, from the EXAHIHER in charge of your ap plica
for RECORD TABLET U0LDI3, filed May 2, 1912, #694,650,
This 0033 has been examined.
The GLnimB are reject od on
Dunne, #730,102, .Tune 3, 1903 (1C - 47),
showing a nlokol mold facing, *r
UoDonald, #366,176, July 5, 1087 (eame),
niokel or Oerman silver.
HI THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
THOMAS A. EDISON, )
HECOHD TABLET MOLDS, )
Room Ho. a08.
Filed May 2, 1912, )
Serial Ho. 694,658. )
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
S I R:
In response to tho Office action of July 15,
1912, please amend the above entitled case as follows:
In line 19, page 1, after "the" insert
- subsequent - .
In line 1, claim 9, after "mold" insert - or
transfer plato - ; and in line 2, same claim, after
"Bilver" insert - free from flaws - .
In line 1, claim 10, after "mold" insert
_ or transfer plate - ; and in line 2, same claim, after
"silver" insert - free from flaws - .
In line 1, claim 13, after "mold" in3ort
_ or transfer plate - ; and in line 2, same claim, after
"silver" insert - free from flaws and - .
In line 1, claim 14, after "mold" insert
_ or transfer plate - ; and in line 2, same claim,
after "silver" insert - free from flaws and - .
Cancel claims 1 to 8 inclusive, 11, 12, 15
and 16, and change the numerals of claims 9, 10, 13 and
14 to 1 to 4, respectively.
Add the following claim:
5, a record tab\t mold or transfer plate having
polished surface and a flWed periphery and formed entire^
of German silver free from flwvs, substantially as
described. - \
REMARKS
Tha references cited by the Examiner have hoen
carefully considered hy the applicant, and the claims
have been revised to point out more clearly the patehtahle
features of applicant's invention.
neither of the references discloses a record
tablet mold or transfer plate formed entirely of German
silver free from flaws. In tho process for which appli¬
cant's invention is more particularly designed, the
record composition is applied in fluid form to the surface
of the transfer plate. In order to eliminate tho tendency
of the said composition to adhere to the transfer plate
aftor hardening, it is necessary that the suid plate bo
formed of a material free from flaws, and capable of receiv¬
ing a high polish. The transfer plate should alBO be
capable of being repolished; and, as a thin surface coating
or layer, such as described by Dunne, would soon be ground
aWay in repolishing, the transfer plate should bo homogeneous
or formod entirely of the same material. Applicant has
found that German silver is the only substance which can
*a obtained free from flaws and with the other necessary
qualities at a sufficiently low price to permit the commerc .-
al use of transfer plates formod entirely thereof.
Claims 3 nnd 4 specify that the German silver
contains at least 13$ of nickel.
Claim 5, in addition to stating that the mold
or transfer plate has a polished surface and is formed
entirely of German silver free from flaws, differentiates
from the references by stating that the mold or transfer
plate has a flanged periphery.
2
and ircvprovo d
I The applicant haB invented
article of manufacture, and reconsideration and allowance
• aro accordingly respectfully requested.
Respectfully submitted ,
THOMAS A. EDI SOU,
bv ‘ '
ij - his Attorney. '
Orange, Hew Jersey,
June ]*J< 1913.
i'B-KGK
Responsive to amendment filed June 10, 1913.
Claims 1 to 4 inoluoivo ore rejected on the references. of
record. UoDCnald for instance notes explicitly the utility of gonaan
silver us faoing muterial for mold structure.
Claim 5 is rejeoted/on
Hiokerson #285, fo? Sept. 18, 1883 (18-47) whioh shows a
mold with polished surfuoo and flanged periphery. Whether the surface
layer be of nickel o* german silver is immaterial as affects patent¬
ability. Both equivalents are Bhoim in the art of record. See e. g.
•UoDonuld.
E UNITED STATES PAT BUT OFFICE.
Room Ho. 308
IN a
I THOMAS A. EDISON, }
RECORD TABLET MOLDS, )
Filed May 2, 1912, )
Serial Ho. 694,668. )
| HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
R:
In response to the Offioe aotion of
I August 11, 1913, please amend the above entitled oase as
follows:
At the end of line 12, page 6, insert the
| following sentence:
The mold surfaoes of the plates 1 end 1* ,
shown, are smooth and even from the center of the plates
[to their peripheries, so that there is no danger of the
record material adhering to the mold surfaces - . _ .
Rewrite the olaimB as follows:
A record tablet moia or transfer plate oonsisting
jof a flat plate of German silver free :
ui from flaws and having a!
I highly polished 3^‘moldlr«^^
the entire face-e£^^\ie*e . 'substantially as described.
A record tablet mold or transfer plate consisting
of a flat plate of German silver free from
flanged periphery and a highly polished «*»-«bId surface A
extending over substantially the entire face thereof, sub-
Istant ially as described.
3. A record tablet mold nr transfer plate oonsisting
of a flat plate of German Bilver free from., flaw and con¬
taining at least 18% of nickel, said plate having a highly
polished molT’surfao^xt ending 'over substantially
the entire faoe thereof, substantially as described.
REMARKS
It is thought that the references do not antioi-
pate applicant’s invention, but the claims have been re¬
written to more clearly define the invention. Applicant's
problan as fully set forth in the specification is thought
not to be contemplated in the references; and the features
of the invention which adapt the some particularly for the
eolution of said problem are thought now to bo brought out
in the claims. All of the latter now specify a flat plate
of German silver free from flaws and having a highly golish-
ed even mold surface extending over substantially the
entire face of the plate. Claim 2 also specifies that the
plate has a flanged periphery, and claim 3 that it contains
at least 18# of nickel. By reason of these limitations,
the claims are thought to be clearly patentable. Referr¬
ing to the patent to Biokeraon cited by the Examiner in the
last Office action, it is thought that a thin veneer could
not be readily stripped off the irregular and uneven mold
surface shown in the said patent without such injury to the
molded surface of the veneer as would be fatal to the sur¬
face of a sound record tablet.
It is thought that the claims are patentable,
II and reconsideration and allowance are accordingly respect¬
fully requested.
Respectfully submitted,
THOMAS A. EDI SOB ,
I Orange, Hew Jersey,
July /6't 1914.
his Attorney.
Div. _ U5> Room ...30.8
“The CommWtlonor of Patent*,
Waihlngton, D. C.,M
cs?
Mo.
Paper No .
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON 8opt. 3, 1914,
... . Prank’ L.Zyex* .
.... Qrnngo,...Hv J. .
IU. a PATENT OFFICE,
SEP 8 M4
mailed.
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in. charge of the application, of
,.ThiMMi8..>..JtUaan.....»ari« . for .
.Ttthltt.6..JlIoitla» .
Responsive to anondmont filed July 10, 1914.
The olniraa are raj anted for want of invention over the
references of reaord.
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
j ThomaB A. Edioon j
ij RECORD TABLET HOLDS
Room No. 0O8.
Ij Filed May 2, 1912
j! Serial No. 694,668
j HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
|; SIR:
In response to the Office action of
i September 3, 1914, please amend the above entitled oase
■j as follows:-
Claim 1, lino 3, cancel "oven", and after "sur-
j; face" inBort - free from projections and depressions and - ,
ii Line 4, change "of said plate" to - thereof - •
ii Claim 2, line 3, oanoel "even", and after 'sur-
ij face" insert - free from projections and depressions and - .
Ij Claim 3, line 4, cancel "even", and after "sur-
i face" insert - free from projections and depressions and .
p E M ARES
:'i claims as presented are thought to patentably
j distinguish from the references. Tho patent to McDonald
does not show a flat plate of the typo specified in the
! claims. The patent to Niolcerson does not disclose a plate
j made of Serman silver, nor does it disclose a plate freo
! from projections and depressions, as specified in the claims,
'! Ujo patent to Dunn does not disclose a plate of German sll-
! ver nor does it disclose a plate having the flanged periph-
j ery specified in claim 2.
Reconsideration and allowance are requested.
Respectfully submitted,
THOMAS A. -EDISON
Bv 4^/ ^
His Attorney
Orange , II . J »
July /(4- , 1936
F3-JS
In reopon3e to. the amendment filed July 15, 1915;
The claim:) are rejected on the references and for the
is of record. Ac regardo the flanged periphery construe-
it will bejioticod that thin relationship is nhown in Kicke
aon.
Ill THE UNITED STATE3 PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison
RECORD TABLET HOLDS
Filed May 2, 1912
Serial Ho. 694,668
HONORABLE C omiSSIOIH® OF PATENTS ,
SIR:
In response to the Offioe nation of
August 10, 1916.
The referonoes of record have again Been oare-
fnlly considered, ana it is thought that tho same do not
anticipate the claims. Tho invention is a very special
kina of device which is not aisolosea in the prior art,
ana it is thought that a patent should not he withheld upon
the same merely Because of its simplicity. None of the
references shows a device intended for use as a transfer
plate intended to reoeive a veneer which is suBseauently
welded or secured to a Booking. It is not seen how the
cylindrical tube D of Uaodonald resembles tho flat transfer
plate of applicant. The patent to Dunne does not show a
German silver transfer plate having a flanged periphery.
The device of Nickerson is very different from that olaimod.
Instead of Being made with German silver it is made with a
soft Base oovored with a thin ooating of niokel. In suoh
a device, tho niokel would peel off the BaBe and render the
mold entirely unsuited for the production of satisfactory
sound reoord tablets. Furthormora , the die of Niokerson
is not a mold surface free from projections and depressions
For the above reasons, reconsideration and allow¬
ance are roBpeotfully requested.
Respectfully submitted,
THOMAS A, EDISON
By $ycS' — 'r
His Attorney
Oranpe, II. <1.
July 3K 1916.
FB-JS
2-2C0
Dlv.-ll)-
H. D. R. Ve.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON _
—EEiuik-L^..3s,'crr -
_ Qraugc.r - j ,'lt" \
_ Sammy. _ ' ' j
Please find, below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
Thr..,::, n A. ^dlaQn_....SerJ.^IIa^..A9/l.il5a^..TjLLo±..l!ay..P--,...1.9I.2^...n£ir....
...Hec/ird..Taihlni-.iInld.a. -
Commiuioner of Patents, fl
for
In reuponae to the letter filed Tuly
Tho claima aro finally rejected upon
the roaaona of record.
as, 1916:
tho reference a and
IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Thomas A. Edison
RECORD TABLET MOLDS
Filed May 2, 1912
Serial No. 694,658
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS,
SIR:
I he re By constitute ana appoint DYER &
HOLI25N (Registration No. 3244), a firm composed of Frank L.
Dyer and Delos Holden, Vhose adarese is Edison Office Build¬
ing, Orange, New Jersey, as my associates in the prosecution
of the above entitled application, and request that all
correspondence be addressed to them until further notioe.
Respectfully,
y
Orange, N. J.
January/^ , 1917.
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June 20, 1917
Mr. Edi son:
Application Serial No. 694,658, Piled May 2,1912
entitled RECORD TABLET MOLDS.
This application covers the polished German silver
transfer plates formerly used Ly us in the manufacture of our
disc records. The application has been finally rejected, and
Mr. Holden and X think that it should be dropped because the
device is no longer used by us, and also because it would
probably be impossible to obtain ShPclaims on same from the
Patent Office.
Please advise if you wish
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 852 Electrical System for Automobiles
U.S. Patent#: 1192400
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 5/20/1912
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 853 Means for Concentrating Ores
U.S. Patent#: 1167638
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 5/21/1912
7^XP <&y<2t. — ^ /A_
Patent Series
Folio# 861
Serial #:
Primary Applicant:
Date Executed:
Patent Application Files
Means for Charging Storage Batteries
704338
Langley, Sam G
6/14/1912
[PHOTOCOPY]
■ Folio No i & r ,
Applicant.
1/0: '^“^^7'
/• “
^AssV-t^Exec.^U^/^-RccnicU W/{A Liber 2/, /V Pa8c
;|p.^:f,;.;- ' ■ ACTIONS.
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... ... 5S#||v:X;iOjyT^y^^ ':'
o
petition
tEo tfje Commissioner of patents:
gour petitioner sah o. lahgley
a citizen of tije ®niteb States, residing anti ijabing a $ost (Office abbreSS at
#102 Valley Road, V.'est Orange, Eoaex County , New Jersey
praps tfjat letters patent map be granteb to ijim for tije improbcments in
I.1EAIIS SCR CHARGING STORAGE BATTERIES
Set fort!) in tije annexeb specification; anb Ije fjerebp appoints Jfranlt TL. ©per
(Registration &a. 560), of ©range, 3?eto ferSep, Ijis attornep, toitlj fnU
potoer of substitution anb rebocation, to prosecute tljis application, to mafee
alterations anb amenbments therein, to receibe tije patent, anb to transact all
business in tije patent (Office connected tljereboitij.
o
SPECIFICATION
I TO ALL WHOM IT HAY CONCERN: '
|
BE IT KNOWN, that I, SAM G. LANGLEY, a oitizen
. of the Unitea States, and a resident of West Orange, in the
County of Essex ana State of Hew Jersey, hove invented oer-
; tain new ana useful improvements in MEANS FOR CHARGING j
'I STORAGE BATTERIES, of which the following is a description: -
: J,iy invention relates generally to means for oharg-j
| ing storage batteries, and particularly to apparatus and a |
' | system for charging such batteries in which one or more ,
I; rectifying devioes are employed to convert alternating cur-
j! re„t into uni -directional current which is supplied to the
■j battery to oharge the same. In a system of this oharsio-
| ter it is desirable to provide moans for preventing dis-
| charge of the storage battery through the rectifying devices
j or other parts of the system in ease of failure of current
Ij supply from the source or in case of abnormal decrease in
J voltage of the same. I One of the objects of my invention
/ Ij iB the provision of an automatic switch constituting simple
' J' j and efficient means for this purpose.! Another object of j
E ny invention is the provision of apparatus constituting a j
j oomplete charging set capable of being compactly assembled
j and mounted, and adapted to be connected to a suitable sourcE
of alternating current and to a storage battery for charging
! the same. My invention includes also the combinations of
■I elements and details of oonstruotion more fully described
| hereinafter and olaimed.
\ (D
! For the further description of my invention,
j roferenoe is had to the drawings accompanying and forming
part of this speoifioation, and in whioh -
Figure 1 is a partly diagrammatic view of a oharg"
ing system including a complete oharging set embodying my
invention oonneoted to a source of alternating current and
to a storage battery;
Figure 2 is a vertioal section of a simplified
i form of a rectifying device whioh I prefer to employ in my j
j! improved system;
jj Figure 3 is a side elevation of my improved auto-
f matio switoh, with the oontaots closed;
J Figure 4 is a plan viev/ of the same , with the oon-
I tacts open;
Figure 5 is a vertioal view at right angles to
the view of Figure , 3,’; \the upper portion being seotional
and the lower portion in elevation;) and
Figure 6 is a horizontal seotion on the line 6-6
of Figure 5.
My improved automatic switoh is illustrated in
| Figs. 3 to 6 inclusive. 1 Referring particularly to these
figures, at 10 is shown a supporting member which may be
I' made of a single piece of sheet metal find whioh has a hori¬
zontal portion 11, portions 12 and 13 extending vertically
upwards, (and a horizontal portion 14 extending outwardly
from the upper end' of the vertioal portion 13.' The sup¬
porting member 10 supports the parts of my improved auto-
matio switoh and may be seoured to any suitable base member
|| 15. If the base member 15 is of conducting material', the
(2)
ji supporting member 10 is preferably insulated therefrom, but ;
jj if the base member 15 is of insulating material, further in-
|: aulating means are not neoossary in securing the supporting
il
i| member 10 to the base member 15, j On the horizontal por-
! tion 14 of the supporting member 10 a solenoid is mounted,
I whioh inoludoB a vertically disposed hollow spool 16 whioh
J may bo mode of metal and is preferably non-msgnetio , and
!| whioh is seoured to the portion 14 in any suitable manner,
aa for example, by soldering. The spool 16 is provided
| with a high resistance solenoid winding 17 suitably insulat .
j ed from the spool. In the hollow oore of the spool a plung
!j er is provided, the lower portion 18 of whioh oonsists of
I magnetio material and is preferably of soft iron, and the
ii upper portion 19 of whioh oonsists of non-magnetio mster-
• J ial, suoh as brass or copper, preferably hollowed out to
jj reduo e its weight. The upper non-magnetio portion of the
i! plunger is provided with a shoulder 20 or other suitable
| means for limiting the downward movement of the plunger,
j| and also with a vertioal slot 22 through whioh passes a
ji pin 21 soldered or seoured in any other suitable manner to
) the top of the spool 1(5 and serving to limit the upward j
j! movement of the plunger. In the operation of the device,
j: the pin 21 permits the plunger to rise to a position whioh
i ia substantially its position of equilibrium for the normal
| strength of ourrent carried by the ooil 17. By having the
lower portion of the plunger of soft iron and the upper
j portion of hollow non-magnetio material, the entire plunger
jj is elevntod to the desired position in the solenoid without
| necessitating tho use of Buoh an amount of iron as woiild
(3)
jj render the plunger unduly heavy, and greater sensitiveness
jj of operation is thereby attained. The lower end of the
;! plunger is provided with a pieoe of insulating material 25
I secured thereto to prevent the plunger from ooming into
| elootrioal oontaot with. the metallic member 56 upon which
|! it impinges when it moves into lowered position.
On the upwardly extending vertical portion 13 of
!| tho supporting member 10 (and beneath the portion 14^ hori-
!j zontal eleotro -magnets are mounted, the said eleotro-
| magnets comprising magnetio oores 24 and 25, one end of each
|| oore being secured to the portion 13 in any suitable manner,
ji as for example, by sorews, the oore 24 having a winding 26
jj surrounding it and insulated therefrom, end the a ore 25
j! having a winding 27 surrounding it and insulated therefrom.
i| she ends of the oores 24 and 25 which are farthost from the
j portion 13 are provided with projecting pins of non-m'agnetic
i! material constituting guides for an armature 30 of soft iror
|| v/hioh is elongated in form and has openings near its ends
jj to reoeive the guides 28 and 29. The armature 30 is pro-
II vidod with a member 31 preferably of non-magnetio material
jj secured at right angloB thereto and extending horizontally
j; through an opening 32 in the upright portion 13, the said
f upright portion 13 thereby constituting a guide for the
jj member 31. On the portion of the member 31 whioh extends
jj through the upright portion 13 collar 33_ or other Buit-
Iablo means iB provided for limiting the movement of the
armature 3JD away from the oores 24 and Z5. si60'''1'0"
| magnets.
j
s
(4)
•• j
I1
j
j!
•j
i
\
i
i
I:
ii
. j
j
'll
On the upwardly extending portion 12 of the sup¬
porting member 10 a oontaot 34 is mounted and suitably in¬
sulated therefrom. The oontaot surfaoe of this oontaot
faoes tho end of tho member 31 whioh extends through the
opening 32 on the upwardly extending vertical portion 13.
The oontaot 34 is preferably a metallio disc or block and ,
is provided with a reduoed portion 57 extending through an v
openine in the upright portion 12, and with a threaded stem
97. The threaded stem is provided with a nut 35 whioh oo-'
operates with the diso or blook 34 and with insulating
washers to hold the oontaot in plaoe on its support, and
with washers 36 and a nut 35' whioh afford means for oon-
nooting tho .terminal) 34 in the (battery yoirouit . On
the upright portion 12 is also mounted a spring oontaot 57
whioh oonsists of an elongated portion and end portions
39 and 38 bent baok approximately parallel to the elongat¬
ed portion when the oontaot is in closed position. The
portion 38 of the spring oontaot 37 is seoured to the up¬
wardly extending vertioal portion 12 by any suitable means
as for example, a bolt and nut 40. At the end of the por-
tion 3E[ on inturned projection 42 is provided whioh oq-
operates with a slot 41 in the upright portion 12 to pos¬
ition the oontaot against rotary displacement around the
bolt 40. The head of the bolt 40 oo-operates with a
washer to oonneot the oontaot in oirouit. Tho ena 6f the
portion 39. of the spring oontaot 37 iB split into a plural
ity of parts whioh oonstitute oontaot faoes oo-operating
with the oontaot 34, and insure adequate oontaot therewith
(5)
! on aooount of the resiliency of the spring oontaot 37, )
the portions 38 and 59 tend to spring out of parallelism ,
with the elongated portion of the spring, whereby the j
portion 39 (his moved'/ away from the oontaot 34 as is illus-
traded in Fig. 4. V.lien , howover, the v/indingo 26 and 27
1 are energised, the armature 30 is attracted towards the
ji cores 24 and 25, and the oontaots 37 and 34 are forced into
| olosed position by tho and of the member 31. It is- to be
j observed that the entire length of the spring oontaot 37,
| including the bent baok portion 39, is effective in exert -
j| ing pressure against tho actuating member 31, and that, on
| aooount of the shape of the spring, this pressure is great
f when the armature 30 is in contact with or nearest tho
| oores 24 and 25. i'he bent baofc portion 39_ contributes
I) materially to foroing tho armature 30 away fro# the oores,
' |j whioh effectually overcomes any tendonoy of the armature
jl to stiol: to the oores.
!l 43 |
j| A plate of insulating material /Has one end
J seoured to the under side of the horizontal portion 14 and
.j
j| serves as a support at its other end for a hollow tube 44,
!| which is made of motal, as for example, brass, ana whioh is
] screw threaded at its lower end into tho insulating plate
!! 43. At the upper end of the tube 44 a plug 47 of insulat- j;
5 ing material is inserted, through whioh extends b. oonduoting j
ij 1
ji member 46 sorew threaded at its upper end and provided with i
' il a oontaot 45 at its lower end. fhe upper end of the member \
ji 46 is provided with, nuts 48 end 49 and waBhers 50 jvhioh serve
j| to oonneot a conduct or^in cirouit ,i- the nut 49 serving also
(6)
Ij
j! to secure the member 46 in the insulating plug by oo-opera- |'
,|j tion with a headed portion at the other end of the said
l!
I! member 46. In the lower portion of the tube 44 and ex-
j! tending through the bottom thereof and through the insulat-
|j ing plate 43 is an elongated member 52 provided at itB up-
| per end with a oontaot 51 and sorew threaded at its lower
!;
l! end . A ooiled spring 59 enoiroles the member 52 within
! the hollow oylinder and is located between a shoulder on
the upper portion of the member 52 and a shoulder in the
ji lower portion of the tube 44, thereby tending to elevate
ij the member J52 and to foroe oontaot 51 into oontaot with the
j oontaot 45. A braoket 54 is held in plaoe on the insulat-
; ing plate 43 by the oylinder 44, the lower end of the oylind-
! er being extended through a portion of the braoket lying on j
| the upper surface of the insulating plate 43. The braok-
|| et 54 is insulated from the horizontal supporting portion
|| 14 by the insulating plate 43. The braoket 54 is provided
|| with lugs 55, upon whioh an elongated member 56 of light
|| weight, whioh may be made of fairly stiff sheet metal, is
| pivotally supported. The member 66 has an opening through
whioh the lower end of the member j52 passes loosely, and nuts
53 are provided at the lower end of the member 52 and beneath
the elongated member 56 in suoh a manner that the Rlongatod
member 56 is supported in an approximately horizontal posi¬
tion and its free end is looated immediately beneath the in¬
sulating blook 23 of the plunger 18. :Upon failure of our.-
rent or abnormal deoreaBe in ourrent strength of the ooil 1^,
|! tho plunger 18 drops by gravity and impinges upon the free
1 ,
l|
(V)
ena of the pivoted member 56, thereby depressing the member
52 against the action of the spring 59 and separating the
oontaots 45 and 51.- The braoket 54 is provided with a
sorew ana washer 58 for oonneoting. the braoket; in oirouit.
It will be observed that the braoket '^jfiV’in elootrioal
oonneotion with the tube 44 and the oontaot 51.
In Figure 1, in whioh a oomplete charging set
embodying my invention is illustrated, 72 and 73 are ter¬
minals adapted to be oonneoted to alternating ourrent mains
TO ana 71 respectively whioh are supplied with alternating
ourrent from any suitable souroe. Terminals 84 ana 85
are provided, whioh are adapted to be oonneotea 1;o a stor¬
age battery and are shown oonneoted to the storage battery
ij 86. At 74 and 75 respectively are shown the primary and
j| secondary of a transformer, suitably designed to trans-
| form the ourrent from the souroe 70 ana 71 to a voltage
i| suitable for oharging the storage battery. The terminal
; 72 is oonneotea to a junotion point 76, to whioh one ter-
| minal of tha primary winding 74 is oonneoted. The other
| terminal of the primary winding is oonneoted to one termin-
jal of an adjustable rheostat 78, the other terminal of the
|| rheostat being oonneoted to a junotion point 77. The
■< junotion point 77 is oonneoted to a oontaot 79 of a double
■{polo manually operated switoh 82, whioh is provided with a
|| oontaot 80 adapted to be oonneoted to the oontaot 79 by the
|switoh blade 81 and with oontaots 87 and 88 adapted to be
jjoonneoted together by the switoh blade 39. Switoh blades
lj§l ana §2. aro provided with a oommon handle for opening
[and olosing the switoh. The switoh oontaot 80 is oon-
(8)
neoted to the terminal 73. When the ewitoh 82 is olosea,
the primary of the transformer is oonneoted aoross the
alternating ourrent mains 70. and 71 through the switoh bladu
81 and the adjustable rheostat 78. A suitable rectifying
devioe or devioes are provided. I have illustrated four
suoh devioes A, B, C and D, which are preferably of the
type of reotifying devioes described and olaimed in my
application Serial Bo. 702,187, filed June 7, 1912. Baoh j
of these reotifying devioes includes a permanent magnet 60
having an almost closed magnetic circuit. In the gap of
the magnetio oirouit of the permanent magnet 60 one or more
soft iron armatures 61 and 62 are pivotally mounted at their
lower ends on the permanent magnet or on a suitable frame
which may also be used for supporting the magnet. Arma¬
tures 61 and 62 are provided at their upper ends with suit¬
able oontaots 63 and 64 respectively which are preferably oi:
oarbon. She vibrating oontaots 63 and 64 oo-operate with
the stationary oontaot 65. Surrounding the armatures 61
and 62 is on actuating coil 66. When the actuating coil
is supplied with alternating ourrent an alternating magnetic
flux is set up in the soft iron armatures 61 and 62, mating
of their upper ends alternately north and south poles. When
the iipper ends of the armatures are north poles, the south
pole of the permanent magnet is strengthened and the north
pole is weakened , and vice versa. The armatures are there¬
fore vibrated in synchronism with the alternating ourrent
in the actuating ooil and open and dose a oirouit con¬
taining the stationary oontaot 65 and the vibrating oon¬
taots 63 and 64. The vibrating oontaots 63 and 64 are
(9)
jj oonneoted together through the armaturee and their support -
I ing meanB, inoluding the permanent magnet or the frame.
I In the system illustrated, the actuating ooils of the de-
jj vioes A, B, £ and D are connected in series by a conductor
|| extending from the junotion point 7£ through a condenser 83
ji to the junotion point 77. The actuating ooils are there-
|j fore oonneoted in sories across the terminals 72 and 75
| and across the alternating current mains 7£ and 7£ when
IS the terminals 72 and 73 are oonneoted to the mains. The
jj oondonser 85 is adjusted so as to advanoe the phase of the ]
ij ourrent in the actuating ooils to a sufficient extent to
ji oomponsate for the induotanoe of the ooils and for the in-
j; ertia of the armatures, and to insure the making and breaking
j; of the rectifying oirouits at the proper times to reduce or
| substantially prevent sparking. One terminal of the
jj secondary 75 is oonneoted by conductor 90 to the terminal
84 which is oonneoted to the storage battery 86, and the
Ij other terminal of the secondary 75 is connected by a oon-
| duotor 67 to the spring oontaot 37 of the automatio ov/itoh.
ji The fixed oontaot 34 of the automatio BWitoh is oonneoted
jj by conductor 93 to the armatures and vibrating oontaots
:i of two of the rectifying devices, as for example, the
|| devioes A and £. The fixed oontaots of the rectifying
jj devioes A and £ are oonneoted to the vibrating oontaots and
jj armatures of devioes B and D by oonduotorB 68 and 69 ro¬
ll speotively. The fixed oontaots of the devioes B and £ are
ij oonneoted together and to the oontaot 88 of the manually
jj operated s wit oh 82 by means of oonduotor 92. The oontaot
(10)
87 of the manually operated switoh 02 is connected to the
terminal 05^ by oonduotor 91, the terminal 05 being connect¬
ed to the storage battery 06. The winding 17 of the solen¬
oid is oonneoted between the junotion points 7j6 and 77 and
is therefore oonneoted aoross the terminals 72 and 73_ and -
alternating our rent mains. 70 and 71 oonneoted thereto through
switoh blade 81 of manually oporated switch 82. The eleo-
tro-iaagnet windings 26 and 27 are oonneoted in series aorosu
the battery terminals and in series with oontaots 45 and 51,
the oirouit being as follows:- i’rom terminal 84 through
oonduotor 94 to magnet winding 27, through magnet winding
26, oonduotor 95, bracket 54, cylinder 44, oontaot 51, oon¬
taot 45, oonduotor 96, the oonduotor 96 being in electrical
oonnootion with the fixed oontaots of reotifying devloes J3
and B, whioh oontaots are in eleotrioal oonneotion with
terminal 85 through oonduotor 92, switoh oontaot 88, switoh
blade 89, switoh oontaot 87 and oonduotor 91.
The operation of the system is as follows :-
V/hen the terminals 72 and 73 are oonneoted to mains 70 and
71 supplied with alternating oixrrent and the switoh 82 is
olosed, the solenoid winding 17 is energised, the core 18 |
is elevated into its. upper position, and the oontaots 45 I
and 51 are permitted to olose. The magnet windings 26 and !
— , /
27 are then energized 'from the storage battery by reofc-i-
#4ed- gurront oupplled from tho reetifylng sys-te^, the arma¬
ture 30 is attracted to the oores 24 and 25, oontaots 37
and 34 are olosed by the aotion of the member 31 secured to
the armature .30, and the 'battery iB oonneoted in’ oirouit
with the reotifying system. (The armatures of the reotify-
(11)
ing devioes are vibrated In synchronism with the alternating
ourrent to be rootified, and the oontaots of eaoh devioe are
closed during alternate half waves of alternating current
! and opened during the remaining half waves. 5?he path of
the rectified ourrent is as follows:- Starting at the left
! hand end of the secondary 75, through conductor 90 . to
i terminal 84, 'through storage battery 86 to terminal 85,
! through conductor 91, switoh oontaot 87, switoh blade 89,
ji BT/itoh oontaot 88, oonduotor 92, to the fixed oontaots of
| rectifying devioos B and D. At this point the current
ji j
|j divides, one path being through oontaots and armatures of j
!| reotifying devioe B, through oonduotor 68 to oontaots and
*! armatures of reotifying devioe A, and to oonduotor 95 ;
!j the other path being through oontaots and armatures of
j! reotifying devioe B, oonduotor 69, oontaots and armatures
jj of reotifying devioe £, to oonduotor 93, and uniting with
jj the other branoh of the oirquit, andthenoe through oonduot-
I or 93 to fixed automatic switoh oontaot 34, spring oontaot
! 37, oonduotor 67, and back to the right hand end of the
i seoondary 75 of the transformer. In this manner uni¬
directional ourrent is supplied to the battery to oharge
the same, and the strength of the charging ourrent may be
regulated by the adjustable rheostat 78 in oirouit with the
; primary 74 of the transformer. A If for any oause there is
a failure of the ourrent supplied to the alternating our-
! rent mains, or if the voltage drops abnormally, for example,
to suoh an extent as to reduo, e the voltage of the charging
ourrent below the battery voltage, the plunger of the sol-
enoid will be permitted to drop, impinging upon the member
s
jj ( 56 , end separating oontaot 51 from oontaot 45 ugainst the f/
Ij aotion of the spring 59, the tension of the spring 59 and ,j
|| weights of the member 5£ and the plungor of the solenoid 1
|| being properly proportioned to produoe this result. The
j| separation of oontaots 51 and 45 oauses)„t'he oirouit throughj 1
| the magnet windings E6 and 27 fto be broken , i and) the resil-
|-
| ionoy of the spring oontaot 37 forces the armature 30 away
| from its oore and separates oontaot 37 from oontaot 34,
| thereby breaking the oirouit (botween the battery and the 1
jj reotifying devioes, and preventing any possible disoharge
|| from the battery through the reotifying devioes.) V/hen
!; current oomos on again in (tho. mains 70 ai)d 7l) or the volt-
il
; age rises to the required amount, the solenoid winding 17
jj (iD immediately energized^ the oore 18 elevated out of oon¬
taot with the member 56, .permitting tho olosing of the oon-
tabts 51 and 45, thereby olosing, the oirouit through the, 1
magnot windings ,26 and 27 . -.which causes) tho cores 24 and
25 to attraot tho armature 30 and thereby olo.se oontaot 37
against oontaot 34, thus re-establishing tho (connection be¬
tween the reotifying devioes and the storage battery. Ob¬
viously, opening the hand operated switch 82 do-energizes
the solenoid winding 17 and oauses the battery oirouit to
j be opened at oontaots 37 and 34. Furthermore, when the
• hand operated sv/itoh 82 is opened, there is no sparking at
the oontaots of the automatio switch beoause the oirouits
aro broken first at the hand operated switch.
By having the pliuiger 18 disconnected from the I
oontaot whioh it is to oporate, the evil effeotQ of ohat-|
toring, whioh are liable to ooour in alternating current :
(13)
apparatus , are obviated. That portion of the device in- j
oluding the Bolenoid winding 17 and the oontaots 45 and 51 j
aots as a relay for the i eleotro-magnets 26 and 27 which
oontrol oontaots 34 and 37 carrying large currents. In
ray irajiroved apparatus I am enabled to oombino sensitiveness
and positiveness of aotion, and no ohattering whatever
ooours.
Having now described my invention, what I
olaim as new therein and desire to proteot by Letters
Patent is as follows:- ^ \
- . — - C ~ vX\>V'
1. In a systehk of the class desoribed, the oombih-
ation of a storage battery and moans for supplying uni¬
directional ourrent therettu including a source of alter¬
nating current, rectifying metwis, and means controlled by
tlio^sa^dT souroo for oontrolling\the oonnootion of the
battery to the rectifying means, substantially as de¬
soribed.
2. In a system of the olass desoribed, the oombina- j
tion of a storage battery and means for supplying uni¬
directional current thereto, including a source of alter¬
nating ourrent, rectifying moans, and automatic means for
maintaining the oonneotion of the battery to the rectify¬
ing means while the voltage of the source is in exoese of
a predetermined value and for breaking the oonneotion when
the voltage of the souroe fallB below said value, substan¬
tially as described.
(14)
1-^ 3. In a system of the olass described, the oombina-
tion of a storage battery and means for charging the same,
I including a souroe of alternating ourrent, rectifying means,
a manually operated ewitoh, and an automatic switch govern-
■'■/!! ea hy the voltage of the souroe for controlling the oonneo-
|i - . -
jj tion and disoonneotion of the battery and rectifying means,
|| said automatio switoh being operable to oonneot the battery
•g and rectifying means only when the manually operated switoh
jj is closed, substantially as desoribed.
jj -c, 4. jn a system of the olass described, the oombina- j
j| tion of a storage battery and moans for oharging the same, !
; inoluaing a transformer having primary and secondary wind- j
ings, rectifying moans, an automatio switoh having a wina-
I ing supplied with ourrent from the primary and having oon-
i taots controlled by said switoh winding for making and
!j breaking oonneotion between the battery and the rectifying
| means, ana a manually operated switoh for controlling the
automatio switoh oirouit and the battery oonneotion, sub-
I stantially as desoribed.
L I -£***’ fe'/'Y ,
In apparatus of the olass deBoribed, a fixed
f oontact7^a>-J8oyable oontaot oo-operating therewith, a solon-
| oid, and a plungei-^for the solenoid for controlling the
movable oontaot but aisooimeoted therefrom, substantially
j ^ ‘ 6. In apparatus of the olaBB desoribodT^a^station-
i' ary oontaot, a movable oontaot Bpring -pressed into oirbuit^
(15)
-olosing position, a member loosely connected with said
Triable oontaot for moving the Bame out of oirouit olosing
.position, a solenoid, and a plunger held free from said
ji raemboV when the solenoid is energized, but located to im-
ij pinge upon said member when the solenoid is de-energized
| to oause\eparation of the fixed and movable jontaots, sub-
Btantially \s described.
I Crf Jfm jn apparatus of the class described, an insulat-
; ing plate, a hollow oylinder mounted on one end thereof and
j| vertically disposed, a stationary oontaot mounted on the
\ upper end of the oyknder and insulated therefrom, an
j! elongated member extending through the bottom of the oylin-
! der and the insulating plate and having in its upper and a
ji oontaot adopted to co-operate with the fixed oontaot, a
!| spring for olosing said oonkaots, a pivoted member opora-
| tively related to the movable\oontact-oarrying member so
\ that when the free end of the pivoted member is depressed
ij the movable oontaot is separated\rom the fixed contact, a
j! solenoid mounted vertioally on said\insulating plate, and
1 a gravity-aotuated plunger for the solenoid located to
| impinge upon the free end of the pivoted^member when the
'I ourrent in the solenoid is reduced a predetermined amount ,
!: \
|i substantially as desoribed. \
, <•' 0< jn apparatus of the olasB desoribed\vfixed and
' ji movable oontaots, a solenoid having a gravity abated
I plunger unoonneoted to said oontaots but looated to sep¬
arate the same when the solenoid is de-energized | arid an
electro -magnet having its oirouit controlled by said Con¬
tacts | substantially as desoribed. \
(16)
, ' 9. In apparatus of the olass described, fixed and
ratable oontaota, a solenoid having a gravity aotuated
plurteer unoonneoted to said oontaots but looated to sep-
aratethe samo When the solenoid ia de-energized, (an eleo-
tro-m^gnht having its circuit oontrollea by said oontaots,
and an\da’itional oontaot controlled by said electro-magnet ,|)
substantially as dosoribed.
h \ \
..... 10. In apparatus of the olass dosoribed, a vertical¬
ly disposed solenoid and a plunger therefor having its. lower1!
portion of magnotio fhid its upper portion of non-magnotio
material, substan^ially-as described.
\ \
/ ll. in apparatus of the olass described, a vertical¬
ly disposed solenoid a plunger therefor having its lower]
portion of magnetio and its upper portion of non-magnetio
material, said plunger having means for limiting its d.ovm-
ward movement, substantially Vs described.
(•■ 12. In apparatus of the class dosoribed, a vertical¬
ly disposed solenoid and a plunge^ therefor having its low¬
er portion of magnetio and its upper ^portion of non-magnotioj
material, said plunger having means for limiting its upward
and downward movements, substantially asx described.
($■' 13. In apparatus of the olass described, a Vertically]
I disposed solenoid and a plunger therefor having its lbwer
j! portion of magnetio and itB upper portion of ndn-magnetio.
ii material, said plunger having moans for limiting \Lts down-
Iward movement, and having an insulating member seoilredito
its lower end, substantially as described.
!
(17)
\14. In apparatus of the olass described , u spring
| contact having a oontral elongated portion ana ends) bent
I baok toward eaoh other, one of said ends being split to
form a Aexible oontaot faoe, substantially as desoribed.
(_ 2- 15. \ln apparatus of the olass doooribod, a supporting
! member, a pair of electro -magnet 4 supported horizontally
thereon, an immature for the oleotro-magnets, guiding means
for the armntur\o, and a horizontally dioposod extension on
the eleotro-magntet' having its free end extended through the
ji supporting member\ substantially as desoribed.
;j 16. In apparatus of the olass desoribed, a support-
' ing member, a pair of\ electro-magnets supported horizontally
i| thereon, an armature for the eleotro -magneto, guiding means
jj for the armature, a fixed oontaot and a movable oontaot oo-
| operating therewith and normally biased out of oirouit
jj closing position, and a horizontally disposed extension on
j; the eleotro-magnet adapted t\ engage the movable oontaat
| \
ji and foroe it into oirouit olosing position when the eleotro-
j magnets are energized, substantially as desoribed.
j rl \ ,
jj IV. In apparatus of the oIssb desoribed, (the oom-
j bination of a stationary oontaot, eXspring oontaot mounted
jj to co-operato therewith and normally 'biased out of oontaot
jj therewith, a member located to engage ^aid spring oontaot
Ij to move it into oirouit closing positiori and inoluding an
jjarmature, an eleotro-magnet for moving said member into oon-
jjtaot engaging position,;- contacts normally biased to dosed
jjposition for controlling (thej oirouit i>f saidV eleotro-magnet ,
|a pivoted member operatively oonneoted (to one No fj) said oir-
owl-t^-oontroia^g oontaotsj, a Bolenoid, and a plunger there¬
for, the said plunger being looated to impinge upon the fre
end of the pivoted mombar to open said oirouit-oontrolling
oontaots when the solenoid lb do-energized, substantially
as dosoribed.
5\.. ^ V, M
C_~ c: 9-o : _ \ . v\ \s\\v> ■
©atb.
State -of J?eto 3Ter«cp j ^
Count? of CSSex j
SAM G. LAITCIiEY - ^ al)ot,E mmt>
petitioner, being buly Stoorn, beposes anb saps tljnt Ije is a citizen of tije Unitcb
States, anb a rcSibctlt of v/ost Ornngo , Easex County, New Jersey •
tijat Ije berily beliebes ijimsclf to be tlje original, first anb sole inbrntor of tije
improbements in
MEANS EOR CHARCIHG STORAGE BATTERIES
bcScribcb anb claimcb in tije annexcb Specification ; tljnt Ije boeS not Imoto anb
bocs not beliebe tijat tije same Urns eber bnobm or useb before fjis inbention or
biscoberp tijereof; or patenteb or bescribeb in an? printeb publication in tije
Uniteb States of America or an? foreign countr? before fjis inbention or
biscober? tijereof, or more tijnn ttoo pears prior to tijis application; or patenteb
in an? countr? foreign to tije ISlniteb States on an application fileb more tijan
ttoclbe tnontijS prior to tijis application; or in public use or on sale in tije
HHniteb States for more tijan ttoo pears prior to tijis application; anb tijat no
application for patent upon Saib inbention Ijas been fileb b? ijim or bis legal
representatibes or assigns in an? foreign countr?. -
gitoorn to anb subscribeb before me tijis /-4^ba? of/^2^- \4)\ 3-
i^otar? public.
[fecal]
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON February 4, 1913.
n 0. Langley,
Frank L. Dyer, ' ut' 4 L91°
Orange, 11. J.
Please find below a .»»»»«» from, the EXAMINER in. oharfio of your application.^
for Means for Charging Storage Batteries, filed June IB, 191*-.
Serial Ho. 704,338.
u
If applicant* o full first name ie H8nm", affidavit to that
effect should he filed. If that is not his full first name tho
correct name should he inserted in tho preamble to tho specification.
The numerals 30 and 31 should he placed on Fig. 1. It is not
8een how the current could he supplied from tho rectifying system
as stated on page 11, line 2B, before the BWitch 37 is closed.
A plurality of inventione are claimed in this application.
Claims 1 to 4 are drawn to a syBtem classifiable in 171-Bystoms,
Secondary Battery. Claims 5 to 13 are drawn to an electromagnetic
switch for the contaots B1 and 4B. This device seems to ho
independent in its mode of operation from the system and is
classifiable in another subclass of this Offioe. Claims 14 to
17 are drawn to still another electromagnetic switch, which is
considered. to he an independent device.
Division is required along the lines suggested.
.7 0 El V ED
l_C. H. WILSON,
IN THE UHITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
i Sam G. langley
MEANS FOR CHARGING STOHAGE
| BATTERIES
Room Ho. 105
! Filed June 18, 1912
Serial No. 704,338
| HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OS’ PATENTS,
SIR:
: In response to the Offioo aotion of
| February 4, 1913, please amend the above entitled oase
|| as follows:-
Page 11, lines 24 and 25, oanoe). "or by recti¬
fied ourrent supplied from the reotifying system".
Page 12, line 24, after "transformer." insert
j the sentenoe - [ while the battery is being ohargefl. the
I reotifying system oo -operates with the battery in supplying
ourrent to tho magnet windings 26 and 27. -
Canoel olaims 5 to 17 inolusive.
The Examiner is requested to apply in Figure 1
| the reference numeral 30 to the armature and the reference
ij numeral 31 to the member seoured at right angleB to the
armature .
REMARKS
Claims 5 to 17 inolusive have been oanoeled in
compliance with the Examiner's requirement of division.
Applioant reserves the right to file a divisional applioa-
(1)
I tion or applications on the subject matter of the claims
canoeled.
Aotion
on the merits is requested.
Respectfully submitted,
SAM G. LANGLEY
His Attorney
Orange, New Jersey
January 3/ , 1914
HL-JS
STATE OP HEW JERSEY )
; SS. :
COUHTY OP ESSEX )
SAE G. TjAHGIEY, whose application
for Letters Patent for HE AITS POR CHARC-IITG STORAGE BATTERIES,
Serial Ho. 704, 358, was filed in tho United States Patent
Offioo on or about the 18th day of June , 1918, being duly
sworn, deposes and says that his full first name is "Sam", j
/ A * !
| Jr- Jn . ■/ ns ■&> ■ A A</ _ I
Sworn to and subscribed before me
/—
this 3/^ day of January, 1914
4«
A / i/ ~
\%>>
s
; I
Dlv. -.26- Boom 100
-—200
vco
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
aii UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON . Apsll..2«,..i91.4a .
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
jfom.ft. Langley., Serial Bo. 704,056, XUod. June. IB;. 1912,. for.
Means for Charging Storage Batteries.
Qonmimoner of Patent*. (J
In response to amendment of Peb. 2, 1914.
The numeral a *30* and "31" have been applied to Pig. 1 ae
requested. The numeral *18" should also be applied to this
figure.— . — - - - - - - . . . - . .
Inasmuch as applicant has eleoted to olalm the system, the
figures on. sheet 2 ohould be oanoelled, together with their
description. (///
Olalm 1 is rejected on Maxim, 742,880, Hot. 3, 1903, Bystane,
Secondary Battery.
The other claims are allowed.
IN IBB UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
Sam G. Langley
MEANS BOR CHARGING STORAGE BATTERIES
Piled June 18, 1912 Hoorn No. 106.
Serial No. 704, SS8
HONORABLE COMMISSIONER OB PATENTS,
SIR:
In response to the Offioo action of
April 29, 1914, please amend the above entitled case aB
follows :-
Claim 1, lino S, before "said" insert - voltage
of - .
Add the following claims: -
5. In a system of the olssa described, the com¬
bination of a storage battery and means for supplying uni¬
directional currant thereto, including a souroo of current,
rectifying moan3, and moans for automatically establishing
oonneotion between said storage battery and said rectifying
means whenever a predetermined eleotrioal condition exists
in said souroo, substantially as described.
G. In a system of the olass described, the com¬
bination of a storage battery and moans for charging the
same, including a souroo of alternating current, rectify¬
ing means, and oontaots for making and breaking oonneotion
between the battery and the rectifying means, said oontaots
being automatically moved relatively to eaoh other into
(1)
oiroi3.it matins or 'breaking position aooording to the eleo-
trioal condition of said souroe, substantially as described.
3 E M A H K S
The Examiner is requested to withdraw tho re-
auiroment that the figures on sheet 2 be canceled. These
figures aid materially in a clear and ready understanding
of the speoifio system in which the invention is shown as
embodied, and contribute to the explanation, required by
statute, of the best mode in which applioant has contem¬
plated applying the principle of his invention. The can¬
cellation of these figuros would necessitate a considerable
revision of the specification and probably amendments to
Figure 1 of the drawing, inasmuch as this figure is largely
diagrammatic. It is not believed that the reference num¬
eral 18 should he applied to Figure 1, inasmuch as thiB
referenoe numeral designates merely the lower portion of
the core, and in Figure 1 no line of demarcation 1b shown
between the upper and lower portions of the core.
Claim 1 has been amended to distinguish from the
patent to Maxim cited, by reciting that the connection-
controlling moans is controlled by tho voltage of the
souroe.
In the patent to Maxim, the under load circuit
breakers 7 and. 7a are not self-restoring hut must be reset
by head, rhoroe.s in applicant's system the connection be¬
tween tho storage hattory and the rectifying means is
automatic ally established wherever a predetermined eleo-
trioal condition exists in the souroe, and the oontaots
(2)
II
for miring anti breaking connaotion botv/eon the battery and
the rectifying mottne are automatically mo rod relatively to
each other into ciror.it making or breaking pooition ao-
oo r ding to ths electrical condition of said source. One
or tho other of these distinction?1 appears in oaoh of new
olL'ims B and 6, and those oleins are believed to be oloarly
patentable.
Reconsideration and alio nonce are requested.
Reepootfully submitted.
SAM G. MHGEEY
3y 3hcuu<
Orange, W. J.
April ^ , 1916
HI-JS
2-200
Div.ilii Room — X05 RM
“The CommUsIonor of patent*,
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON _ June__22 ,...1915.,. .
Please find below a communication from the EXAMINER in charge of the application of
S. 0. Lanalev. filed Juna..in_^JLai^toX-M^3-fox.^ghrtrglns-.IMiataEc —
Batteries. _ 8er . Ho. ?04^:i33-» - . -
OommiMumer of Patents. -V .
In response to amendment filed Apr. 10, 1915^-- s
Claims 1, 5 and 6 are rejeoted on Schelbe ,7959 ,513j May
31, 1910, Systems , 3eo. Bat, or Soheibe, 95^544, May 31, 3.910,
Systems, 8oo. Bat. In explanation, it may be stated that the tilt¬
ing coils 21 and 23 of the references whioh serve to establish connec¬
tion within the reotifier are thought to be equivalent to means for
establishing connection between the storage battery and rectifying
means.
, jt , C /S .
?r7, J" / 3 at -c
Bxami :
Division 26,
IN the united states patent office.
Sam G. Langley
MEANS FOB CHARGING STORAGE
BATTERIES
Filea June 18, 1912
Serial Ho. 704,338
Hon. Commissioner of Patents.
SIR:
In response to the Office aol
please amend the above entitled case
Room Ho. 105.
tion of June 22,
as follows:
1915,
_ Rewrite olalro 1 as follows; _ ; _ „
1. In a system of the olass described, the com¬
bination of a storage battery and means for supplying uni¬
directional ourront thereto, including a source of alternate.-,
ing ourrent, rectifying means, and moans controlled by the
voltage of said source for connecting said battery to said
rectifying means, substantially as desoribed.
Add the following claim:
7. In a system of the claBs desoribed, the com¬
bination of a storage battery and means for charging the
same, including a souroo of alternating ourrent, a transform¬
er, rectifying means, a connection between the rectifying
means and the battery, a oonnection between the transformer
and the source of ourrent, an automatic switoh having a
winding supplied with alternating ourrent from the source
and having oontaots controlled by said winding in the con¬
nection between the battery and the rectifying means, and a
manually operated switoh for simultaneously controlling said
connections and the automatio Bwitoh winding, substantially
as desoribed. _
REMARKS
The patent to Soheiho was evidently incorrectly
cited hy the Examiner ana should have been oited as IIo.
959,613. This patent showe a rectifying system in which a
mercury vapor rectifier is employed. Mercury vapor recti¬
fying devices oeaso to operate if the alternating current
oirouits are broken or if the supply of energy is tempor¬
arily interrupted for any cause. Such devices are re¬
started by tilting the rectifier bulbs and in a system of
this kind it is necessary to provide means for retilting
the above bulb when the current supply fails, ana this is
the principal object of the Soheibe patent. In applicant >8
system, the problem is quite different inasmuch as the
type of rectifier used in applicant's system iB self¬
starting, but means must be provided for interrupting the
l direct current circuit in order to prevent tho discharge
of the battery through the rectifying dovicos if their con¬
tacts shoflaa happen to be in dosed position when the de¬
vices cease to operate. In applicant's system, means is
provided for automatically opening the battery circuit when
Ifche alternating ourrent supply fails or falls below a pre¬
determined value. in the Soheibe patent, connection within
the rectifier is established, when the bulb is tilted, from
the starting terminul 27a through the mercury to tho direct
ourrent terminal 14. These elements, however, form a nec¬
essary part of the rectifying devioe. The patent to Jack-
eon and Soheibe, Ho. 969,644, shows a similar system and the
disoussion of the Soheibe patent applies also to the Jack-
son and Soheibe patent.
While olaim 1 as formerly presented is not
believed to be met by either of these patents, the olaim
has been rewritten in order to distinguish from these
-2-
patents more clearly, and in the claim as rewritten there isj
recited "moans controlled hy the voltage of said source for
connecting said battery to said rectifying means" and the
means so described is in addition to the rectifying means.
It is believed that this claim distinguishes clearly from
the patents discussed above inasmuch as that in these pat¬
ents there is no element in addition to the rectifying
means constituting "-ana controlled by the voltage of said
source for connecting said battery to said rectifying moans",
Reconsideration of the rejection of claims 5 and
6 is requested. Claim 6 recites "rectifying means, and meanj
for automatically establishing connection between said |
storage battery and said rectifying moans whenever a pre¬
determined electrical condition exists in said source". The |
patents discussed above do not shew the second mentioned
means in addition' to rectifying means. Similarly in claim
6 in addition to the rectifying means there are recited
"contacts for making and breaking connection between the
battery and the rectifying means, said contacts being auto- ^
matically moved relatively to each other into circuit making
or breaking position according to the electrical condition
of said source". The Soheibe patents do not show such
_ addition to the rectifying means.
Hew claim 7 clearly distinguishes from the Soheibe
patents by reciting "a connection between the rectifying
means and the battery" and contacts controlled by the auto¬
matic switch winding in the connection between the battery
and the rectifying means. This claim also distinguishes
from the patent to Maxim, previously cited, in setting
forth that the automatic switch has a winding supplied with
alternating current frem the source and has contacts con¬
trolled by said winding in the connection between the ;
■battery ana the rectifying means, and in reciting a manually
operated switch for simultaneously controlling the battery
and source of current connections. One advantage of ap¬
plicant's systom is that by opening the manually operated,
switoh tho rectifying apparatus is simultaneously discon¬
nected from tho outside source end the battery, and since
the break in the direct current circuit occurs at the manu¬
ally operated switch before it occurs at the contacts of
tho automatic switch, there is no sparking at the contacts
of the automatic switoh and these contacts are therefore
protected. See page IS of the specification, linos 23 to
26 inclusive.
The claims now presented are bolieved to be
patentable, and reconsideration and allowance are requested
Respectfully submitted,
SAM G. LANGLEY
Ry S^La^-tC £ • _
IIIiB Attorney
Orange, H. J.
June /<i~t 1916
HL
Ill SHE UHI5ED STASES FATEBT OFFICE
1KEAHS FOR CHARGIKO STORAGE
BATTERIES
Filed June 18, 1912
Serial Ho. 704,538
Allowed July 22, 1916
AUEBBHFBT UNDER RUEF.
IHOBORABER OOLUI8SIOHP.R OF FATEH 53 ,
SIR:
Please amend the above entitled ease
under Rule 78 without withdrawing the some i'rom issue, as
. follows
insert the following paragraph at the end of
j 211 - : w oop9ndjJftl!:^p^lioations Serial Mo . 136 , n%,
' filed December 13, 1916, and Serial Ho. 136, 78^, filer
j D.o„«r 18. 1916. «. ta”of “a 00°tOi” °1,i“
I covering the autonuitio sw^tch_dgvioe. — - - - ~
j page 4 , ''lino 26, oanoel "is".
page 0, litfo’TTT'ohange "66" to - 64 - .
a» I»UB 1. to «>“»
tt. .»».».«• * “ *• mt" ”ut “ ”*
97 in Figure 6 of the drawings to 36* .
The present amendment is made merely for the pur-
.1 eoxreotlnR cartel. l»tor»»lltlo. an. for
reference to two divisional applications. It is according¬
ly requested that the Examiner recommend the admission of
this amendment.
Respectfully submitted,
SAM 5. IAIWLSY
By X. -
His Attorney
Orange, H. J.
December 4 , 1916
WH-JS
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
g UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
£ Washington July, 22,1916
m 3am. G. Langley, Aasor,
^ Sir: Your APPLICATION for a patent for an IMPROVEMENT in
to
° Means for Charging Storage Batteries,
§ filed June. 10, 1912 , has been examined and ALLOWED.
| The final fee, TWENTY DOLLARS, must be paid not later than m
SIX MONTHS from the date of this present notioe of allowanoe. ■
§ If the final fee be not paid within that period, the patent on 1
this application will be withheld, unless renewed with an c
M additional fee of $16, under the provisions of Seotion 4897, 2
Revised Statutes. g
S The office delivers patents upon the day of their date, and q
| on whioh their term begins to run. The printing, photolitho- j;
g graphing, and engrossing of the several patent parts, prepara- j-
S tory to final signing and sealing,, will require about four £
j weeks, and" such work will not be undertaken until after payment f
h of the neoessary fee. g
■« When you send the final fee you will also send, DISTINCTLY |
a AND PLAINLY WRITTEN, the name of the INVENTOR, TITLE OP INVEN- g
h TION,' AND SERIAL NUMBER AS ABOVE GIVEN, DATE OF ALLOWANCE
§ (whioh is the date of this oiroular), DATE OF FILING, and, if J
assigned, the NAMES OF THE ASSIGNEES. t
g If you desire to have the patent issue to ASSIGNEES, an
g assignment containing a REQUEST to that effeot, together with \
° the FEE for recording the same, must be filed in this office on y
H or before the date of payment of final fee. t
fc After issue of the patent uncertified oopies of the draw- 6
H ings and specifications may be purchased at the price of FIVE >
_ g CENTS EACH. The money should aooompany the order. Postage c
[rj stamps will "not be reoeived. E
“ Final fees will NOT be reoeived from other than the appli- t
gjj oant, his assignee or attorney, or a party in interest as shown {
H by the reoords of the Patent Office,
e Respectfully,
,‘i Erapk.L.JOytjr',.
/
I
Papal Ho. 9,
DEPARTMENT OH THE INTERIOR.
United States Patent Office.
In re application.
Baa Q. Langley ,
•Moans for Charging
Storage Batteries,*
Piled June 18, 1918,
Rerial Ho. 704. 538.
: Before the
: Hon. Oottunleeioner of Patente.
s On Petition.
Bxaalnsr'e Statement.
It ie recommended that the petition to amend the above
entitled application under Rule 78 be granted, but that the
eerial number given aa *130,781* In line 2 of the amendment
whioh iVis proposed to insert at the end of page 1 be changed
to 150,782 by examinir* e aaindment, bifare entry of the proposed
Respectfully submitted,
■Washington, D. C. ,
January 4, 1917.
Bftamlner, Division 20.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
WASHINGTON
January 6, 1917.
In the matter of the )
Application of >
Sam G. Langley >
Means for Charging Storage )
Batteries;
Filed June 18, 1912 J
Serial KO. 704,338. I
Amendment.
Sir;
You are hereby informed that the recommenda¬
tion of the esaminer that the amendment he admitted
under the provisions of Rule 76, a copy of vhloh nas
mailed to you under date of the 14th instant, has been
approved by the First Assistant Commissioner and the
amendment entered.
By direotion of the Commissioner!
Very respectfully.
Folic
STATEMENT OP INVENTOR
Invention
Conoeivecl on_^i^
Disclosed ti
Made drawing
Note: This statement, together with sketch, to be put in the
- application file.
[ON BACK OF PREVIOUS DOCUMENT]
i
Maroh 12, 1913
Conference with Mr- Langley on Vibrating Type
of Alternating Cnrrent Reotifier.
Was informed for the first time that the armatures
employed in the type of rectifier now put out oonsist each
of two parts riveted together. An armature oonsisting of
two parts capable of independent vibration is not employed
S. L.
Mr. Edison. ^QJilQ Q61 _ application of Sam G. Langley for
Means for Charging Storage Batteries
This application covers a system and apparatus for
disoonneoting the rectifying devices from the Battery when the
alternating current fails or falls Below predetermined value
and for reconnecting the same when the current increases to a
predetermined value. The application was filed with claims
for the system and also claims for the epeoifio magnetic switches
used in the system. Division was required and we elected to
retain the claims covering the system. . The application haB now
Been allowed with very good claims covering the system - see for
example the following claims
1. In a system of the class described, the oom-
Bination of a storage Battery and means for supplying uni¬
directional current thereto, including a source of alternat¬
ing current, rectifying means, and means controlled By the
voltage of said source for connecting said Battery to Bald
rectifying means, suBstantially as desoriBed.
5. in a system of the class desoriBed, the com¬
bination of a storage Battery and means for supplying uni¬
directional current thereto, including a souroe of current,
rectifying means, and means for automatically establishing
oonneotion Between said storage Battery and said rectifying
means whenever a predetermined electrical condition exists
in said souroe, substantially as desoriBed,
6. In a system of the class described, the com¬
bination of a storage Battery and means for oharging the
same, including a souroe of alternating ourrent, rectify¬
ing means, and contacts for making and Breaking oonneotion
Between the Battery and the rectifying means, said contacts
Being automatically moved relatively to eaoh other into
circuit making or Breaking position according to the eleo-
trioal condition of said source, suBstantially as desoriBed.
i presume you will wish this patent taken out.
""in' this system there is employed a relay switch and
/^main-switch, both mounted An the fJame'%£, The Patent Office
considers these switches as separate inventions and to secure
protection on the same we would probably have to file two appli¬
cations, one for each switch. Bo you wish these applications
\filed? I understand that this apparatus is still used.
/L
HL-JS
Copy
Ootober 10, 1916
Mr. Edison:-
EOLIO 861 - application of Sam G. Langley for
MeanB for Charging Storage Batteries
This application covers a system and apparatus for
disconnecting the rectifying devices from the battery when the
alternating ourrent fails or falls below predetermined value
and for reconnecting the same when the ourrent increases to a
predetermined value. The application was filed with claims
for the system and also claims for the specific magnetic switches
used in the system. Division was required and we elected to
retain the claims covering the system. The application has now
been allowed with very good claims covering the system - see for
example the following claims
1. In a system of the class described, the com¬
bination of a storage battery and means for supplying uni¬
directional ourrent thereto, including a souroe of alternat¬
ing current, rectifying means, and means controlled by the
voltage of said source for connecting said battery to said
rectifying means, substantially as described.
6. In a system of the class described, the com¬
bination of a storage battery and means for supplying uni¬
directional ourrent thereto, including a souroe of ourrent,
rectifying means, and means for automatically establishing
connection between..said storage battery and said rectifying
means whenever a predetermined electrical condition exiBts
in said souroe, substantially as described.
6. In a system of the class described, the com¬
bination of a storage battery and means for charging the
same, including a souroe of alternating ourrent, rectify¬
ing means, and contacts for making and breaking connection
between the battery and the rectifying means, said contacts
being automatically moved relatively to each other into
circuit making or breaking position aooording to the eleo-
trioal condition of said souroe, substantially as described,
i
to Mr. Edison with application Polio 861. I have made inquiries
at this end, hut have been unable to learn anything about the
original memorandum and the .folio which accompanied it. Our
office boy remembers taking several papers over to the laboratory
last week but does not remember anything about this particular one,
lit
lo^ V - *'vl
$o v ■ y" i
Folio 861
rsafiT G. Langley
Means for Char&igg Storage Batteries
Serial JJo. 704,338
Filed June 18, 1912
/Allowed July 22, 1916
Final Fee. Due Jan. 22, 1917.
l 7/ ;
Mr. Holden:
J/»u
AnjQ foreign applications? ~y\yO
. assigned to Thomas A. Edison,
,so, tb whom? X ,T. FJCZ-i- Co
Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio# 860 Production of Sound-Records
U.S. Patent#: 1282011
Primary Applicant: Aylsworth, Jonas W
Date Executed: 6/17/1912
memorandum
MEMORANDUM
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Patent Series
Patent Application Files
Folio # 866 Process of Making Screens for Projection
U.S. Patent#: 1266778
Primary Applicant: Edison, Thomas A
Date Executed: 6/19/1912
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APPLICATION POL.
I hand yon .herewith our copies of the papers
your application Serial No. 705.648 filed June 24, 1912
titled SCREENS FOR PROJECTION AND PROCESS OP MAKING THE SAlfe^.
This application relates to a motion picture scr^ohj/
made from ordinary oilcloth hy slightly heating the oilcl^h^oj
render the surface thereof tacky and applying thereto a*r£^lct-
ing coating of powdered aluminum or powdered aluminum and pow¬
dered bronze, and applying to the latter coating a protective
coating of ^drying oil such as a mixture of linseed oil, turpen¬
tine and white japan drier.
All the claims now in the application relating to
the process of making the screen, seven in number, have been
allowed, of which the following will serve as an example:
•S. The process of making screens for projection pur¬
poses, which consists in heating oilcloth until the oilcloth
surface becomes soft and somewhat sticky, applying powdered
material containing a metal to the softened and sticky sur¬
face, and rubbing the said material into the surface, substantially
as described.
All the claims, six in number, relating to the
article, however, have been finally rejected on U.S. patent
to Price No. 995,289 dated June 13, 1911, and French patent
to Pey No. 388,978, copies of which patents are attached
hereto. The following will serv4 as an example of the
article claim* ;
-2-
/ A screen for projection purposes, consisting of
oilcloth having metallic material adhering to the oilcloth
coating to produce a partially reflecting surface, said
surface having a thin coating of drying oil dried thereon,
substantially as described.
Kindly advise whether or not you wish an appeal
taken in this application on the article claims.
In case you do not wish an appeal taken will you
please advise whether you wish the patent taken out with
the process claims, or the application abandoned.
I understand that the screen described in this
application is of no commercial value to us at the present
time.
WH-EH
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COPYING RESTRICTIONS
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any part of this film is prohibited.
In lieu of transcripts, however,
enlarged photocopies of selected
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available. Every technical
effort possible has been
made to ensure legibility.
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